Merge pull request #2471 from tonistiigi/v0.14.1-picks

[v0.14] cherry picks for v0.14.1

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -30,35 +30,8 @@ env:
   GOTESTSUM_VERSION: "v1.9.0"  # same as one in Dockerfile
 
 jobs:
-  prepare-test-integration:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    steps:
-      -
-        name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      -
-        name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      -
-        name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-        with:
-          version: ${{ env.BUILDX_VERSION }}
-          driver-opts: image=${{ env.BUILDKIT_IMAGE }}
-          buildkitd-flags: --debug
-      -
-        name: Build
-        uses: docker/bake-action@v4
-        with:
-          targets: integration-test-base
-          set: |
-            *.cache-from=type=gha,scope=${{ env.TEST_CACHE_SCOPE }}
-            *.cache-to=type=gha,scope=${{ env.TEST_CACHE_SCOPE }}
-
   test-integration:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    needs:
-      - prepare-test-integration
     env:
       TESTFLAGS_DOCKER: "-v --parallel=1 --timeout=30m"
       TEST_IMAGE_BUILD: "0"
@@ -66,18 +39,55 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
+        buildkit:
+          - master
+          - latest
+          - buildx-stable-1
+          - v0.13.1
+          - v0.12.5
+          - v0.11.6
         worker:
-          - docker
-          - docker\+containerd  # same as docker, but with containerd snapshotter
           - docker-container
           - remote
         pkg:
           - ./tests
+        mode:
+          - ""
+          - experimental
+        include:
+          - worker: docker
+            pkg: ./tests
+          - worker: docker+containerd  # same as docker, but with containerd snapshotter
+            pkg: ./tests
+          - worker: docker
+            pkg: ./tests
+            mode: experimental
+          - worker: docker+containerd  # same as docker, but with containerd snapshotter
+            pkg: ./tests
+            mode: experimental
     steps:
       -
         name: Prepare
         run: |
-          echo "TESTREPORTS_NAME=${{ github.job }}-$(echo "${{ matrix.pkg }}-${{ matrix.worker }}" | tr -dc '[:alnum:]-\n\r' | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "TESTREPORTS_NAME=${{ github.job }}-$(echo "${{ matrix.pkg }}-${{ matrix.buildkit }}-${{ matrix.worker }}-${{ matrix.mode }}" | tr -dc '[:alnum:]-\n\r' | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          if [ -n "${{ matrix.buildkit }}" ]; then
+            echo "TEST_BUILDKIT_TAG=${{ matrix.buildkit }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
+          testFlags="--run=//worker=$(echo "${{ matrix.worker }}" | sed 's/\+/\\+/g')$"
+          case "${{ matrix.worker }}" in
+            docker | docker+containerd)
+              echo "TESTFLAGS=${{ env.TESTFLAGS_DOCKER }} $testFlags" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+              ;;
+            *)
+              echo "TESTFLAGS=${{ env.TESTFLAGS }} $testFlags" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+              ;;
+          esac
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.worker }}" == "docker"* ]]; then
+            echo "TEST_DOCKERD=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
+          if [ "${{ matrix.mode }}" = "experimental" ]; then
+            echo "TEST_BUILDX_EXPERIMENTAL=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
       -
         name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -99,7 +109,6 @@ jobs:
         with:
           targets: integration-test
           set: |
-            *.cache-from=type=gha,scope=${{ env.TEST_CACHE_SCOPE }}
             *.output=type=docker,name=${{ env.TEST_IMAGE_ID }}
       -
         name: Test
@@ -107,8 +116,6 @@ jobs:
           ./hack/test
         env:
           TEST_REPORT_SUFFIX: "-${{ env.TESTREPORTS_NAME }}"
-          TEST_DOCKERD: "${{ startsWith(matrix.worker, 'docker') && '1' || '0' }}"
-          TESTFLAGS: "${{ (matrix.worker == 'docker' || matrix.worker == 'docker\\+containerd') && env.TESTFLAGS_DOCKER || env.TESTFLAGS }} --run=//worker=${{ matrix.worker }}$"
           TESTPKGS: "${{ matrix.pkg }}"
       -
         name: Send to Codecov
@@ -349,33 +356,9 @@ jobs:
       -
         name: GitHub Release
         if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
-        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@de2c0eb89ae2a093876385947365aca7b0e5f844 # v0.1.15
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@9d7c94cfd0a1f3ed45544c887983e9fa900f0564  # v2.0.4
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
         with:
           draft: true
           files: ${{ env.DESTDIR }}/*
-
-  buildkit-edge:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    continue-on-error: true
-    steps:
-      -
-        name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      -
-        name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      -
-        name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-        with:
-          version: ${{ env.BUILDX_VERSION }}
-          driver-opts: image=moby/buildkit:master
-          buildkitd-flags: --debug
-      -
-        # Just run a bake target to check eveything runs fine
-        name: Build
-        uses: docker/bake-action@v4
-        with:
-          targets: binaries

.github/workflows/docs-release.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 name: docs-release
 
 on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      tag:
+        description: 'Git tag'
+        required: true
   release:
     types:
       - released
@@ -8,7 +13,7 @@ on:
 jobs:
   open-pr:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    if: ${{ github.event.release.prerelease != true && github.repository == 'docker/buildx' }}
+    if: ${{ (github.event.release.prerelease != true || github.event.inputs.tag != '') && github.repository == 'docker/buildx' }}
     steps:
       -
         name: Checkout docs repo
@@ -21,7 +26,11 @@ jobs:
         name: Prepare
         run: |
           rm -rf ./data/buildx/*
-          rm -rf ./_vendor/github.com/docker/buildx
+          if [ -n "${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}" ]; then
+            echo "RELEASE_NAME=${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          else
+            echo "RELEASE_NAME=${{ github.event.release.name }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
       -
         name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
@@ -29,8 +38,9 @@ jobs:
         name: Generate yaml
         uses: docker/bake-action@v4
         with:
-          source: ${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}.git#${{ github.event.release.name }}
+          source: ${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}.git#${{ env.RELEASE_NAME }}
           targets: update-docs
+          provenance: false
           set: |
             *.output=/tmp/buildx-docs
         env:
@@ -41,23 +51,21 @@ jobs:
           cp /tmp/buildx-docs/out/reference/*.yaml ./data/buildx/
       -
         name: Update vendor
-        uses: docker/bake-action@v4
-        with:
-          source: ${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}.git#${{ github.event.release.name }}
-          targets: vendor
-          set: |
-            vendor.args.MODULE=github.com/docker/buildx@${{ github.event.release.name }}
+        run: |
+          make vendor
+        env:
+          VENDOR_MODULE: github.com/docker/buildx@${{ env.RELEASE_NAME }}
       -
         name: Create PR on docs repo
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@a4f52f8033a6168103c2538976c07b467e8163bc
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@c55203cfde3e5c11a452d352b4393e68b85b4533  # v6.0.3
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.GHPAT_DOCS_DISPATCH }}
           push-to-fork: docker-tools-robot/docker.github.io
-          commit-message: "vendor: github.com/docker/buildx ${{ github.event.release.name }}"
+          commit-message: "vendor: github.com/docker/buildx ${{ env.RELEASE_NAME }}"
           signoff: true
-          branch: dispatch/buildx-ref-${{ github.event.release.name }}
+          branch: dispatch/buildx-ref-${{ env.RELEASE_NAME }}
           delete-branch: true
-          title: Update buildx reference to ${{ github.event.release.name }}
+          title: Update buildx reference to ${{ env.RELEASE_NAME }}
           body: |
-            Update the buildx reference documentation to keep in sync with the latest release `${{ github.event.release.name }}`
+            Update the buildx reference documentation to keep in sync with the latest release `${{ env.RELEASE_NAME }}`
           draft: false

.github/workflows/docs-upstream.yml

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: docker/bake-action@v4
         with:
           targets: update-docs
+          provenance: false
           set: |
             *.output=/tmp/buildx-docs
             *.cache-from=type=gha,scope=docs-yaml

.github/workflows/e2e.yml

@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ jobs:
             driver-opt: qemu.install=true
           - driver: remote
             endpoint: tcp://localhost:1234
+          - driver: docker-container
+            metadata-provenance: max
         exclude:
           - driver: docker
             multi-node: mnode-true
@@ -129,70 +131,15 @@ jobs:
           else
             echo "MULTI_NODE=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
           fi
+          if [ -n "${{ matrix.metadata-provenance }}" ]; then
+            echo "BUILDX_METADATA_PROVENANCE=${{ matrix.metadata-provenance }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
       -
         name: Install k3s
         if: matrix.driver == 'kubernetes'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: crazy-max/.github/.github/actions/install-k3s@fa6141aedf23596fb8bdcceab9cce8dadaa31bd9
         with:
-          script: |
-            const fs = require('fs');
-            
-            let wait = function(milliseconds) {
-              return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-                if (typeof(milliseconds) !== 'number') { 
-                  throw new Error('milleseconds not a number'); 
-                }
-                setTimeout(() => resolve("done!"), milliseconds)
-              });
-            }
-            
-            try {
-              const kubeconfig="/tmp/buildkit-k3s/kubeconfig.yaml";
-              core.info(`storing kubeconfig in ${kubeconfig}`);
-          
-              await exec.exec('docker', ["run", "-d",
-                "--privileged",
-                "--name=buildkit-k3s",
-                "-e", "K3S_KUBECONFIG_OUTPUT="+kubeconfig,
-                "-e", "K3S_KUBECONFIG_MODE=666",
-                "-v", "/tmp/buildkit-k3s:/tmp/buildkit-k3s",
-                "-p", "6443:6443",
-                "-p", "80:80",
-                "-p", "443:443",
-                "-p", "8080:8080",
-                "rancher/k3s:${{ env.K3S_VERSION }}", "server"
-              ]);
-              await wait(10000);
-              
-              core.exportVariable('KUBECONFIG', kubeconfig);
-              
-              let nodeName;
-              for (let count = 1; count <= 5; count++) {
-                try {
-                  const nodeNameOutput = await exec.getExecOutput("kubectl get nodes --no-headers -oname");
-                  nodeName = nodeNameOutput.stdout
-                } catch (error) {
-                  core.info(`Unable to resolve node name (${error.message}). Attempt ${count} of 5.`)
-                } finally {
-                  if (nodeName) {
-                    break;
-                  }
-                  await wait(5000);
-                }
-              }
-              if (!nodeName) {
-                throw new Error(`Unable to resolve node name after 5 attempts.`);
-              }
-              
-              await exec.exec(`kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready ${nodeName}`);
-            } catch (error) {
-              core.setFailed(error.message);
-            }
-      -
-        name: Print KUBECONFIG
-        if: matrix.driver == 'kubernetes'
-        run: |
-          yq ${{ env.KUBECONFIG }}
+          version: ${{ env.K3S_VERSION }}
       -
         name: Launch remote buildkitd
         if: matrix.driver == 'remote'

.github/workflows/validate.yml

@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ on:
 jobs:
   validate:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    env:
-      GOLANGCI_LINT_MULTIPLATFORM: 1
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
@@ -30,6 +28,12 @@ jobs:
           - validate-docs
           - validate-generated-files
     steps:
+      -
+        name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          if [ "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" = "docker/buildx" ]; then
+            echo "GOLANGCI_LINT_MULTIPLATFORM=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
       -
         name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4

Dockerfile

@@ -3,15 +3,20 @@
 ARG GO_VERSION=1.21
 ARG XX_VERSION=1.4.0
 
-ARG DOCKER_VERSION=25.0.2
+# for testing
+ARG DOCKER_VERSION=26.0.0
 ARG GOTESTSUM_VERSION=v1.9.0
 ARG REGISTRY_VERSION=2.8.0
-ARG BUILDKIT_VERSION=v0.12.5
+ARG BUILDKIT_VERSION=v0.13.1
+ARG UNDOCK_VERSION=0.7.0
 
-# xx is a helper for cross-compilation
 FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM tonistiigi/xx:${XX_VERSION} AS xx
-
 FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:${GO_VERSION}-alpine AS golatest
+FROM moby/moby-bin:$DOCKER_VERSION AS docker-engine
+FROM dockereng/cli-bin:$DOCKER_VERSION AS docker-cli
+FROM registry:$REGISTRY_VERSION AS registry
+FROM moby/buildkit:$BUILDKIT_VERSION AS buildkit
+FROM crazymax/undock:$UNDOCK_VERSION AS undock
 
 FROM golatest AS gobase
 COPY --from=xx / /
@@ -20,26 +25,6 @@ ENV GOFLAGS=-mod=vendor
 ENV CGO_ENABLED=0
 WORKDIR /src
 
-FROM registry:$REGISTRY_VERSION AS registry
-
-FROM moby/buildkit:$BUILDKIT_VERSION AS buildkit
-
-FROM gobase AS docker
-ARG TARGETPLATFORM
-ARG DOCKER_VERSION
-WORKDIR /opt/docker
-RUN DOCKER_ARCH=$(case ${TARGETPLATFORM:-linux/amd64} in \
-    "linux/amd64")   echo "x86_64"  ;; \
-    "linux/arm/v6")  echo "armel"   ;; \
-    "linux/arm/v7")  echo "armhf"   ;; \
-    "linux/arm64")   echo "aarch64" ;; \
-    "linux/ppc64le") echo "ppc64le" ;; \
-    "linux/s390x")   echo "s390x"   ;; \
-    *)               echo ""        ;; esac) \
-  && echo "DOCKER_ARCH=$DOCKER_ARCH" \
-  && wget -qO- "https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/${DOCKER_ARCH}/docker-${DOCKER_VERSION}.tgz" | tar xvz --strip 1
-RUN ./dockerd --version && ./containerd --version && ./ctr --version && ./runc --version
-
 FROM gobase AS gotestsum
 ARG GOTESTSUM_VERSION
 ENV GOFLAGS=
@@ -105,9 +90,11 @@ RUN apk add --no-cache \
       xz
 COPY --link --from=gotestsum /out/gotestsum /usr/bin/
 COPY --link --from=registry /bin/registry /usr/bin/
-COPY --link --from=docker /opt/docker/* /usr/bin/
+COPY --link --from=docker-engine / /usr/bin/
+COPY --link --from=docker-cli / /usr/bin/
 COPY --link --from=buildkit /usr/bin/buildkitd /usr/bin/
 COPY --link --from=buildkit /usr/bin/buildctl /usr/bin/
+COPY --link --from=undock /usr/local/bin/undock /usr/bin/
 COPY --link --from=binaries /buildx /usr/bin/
 
 FROM integration-test-base AS integration-test

bake/bake.go

@@ -894,19 +894,17 @@ func (t *Target) AddOverrides(overrides map[string]Override) error {
 			}
 			t.Pull = &pull
 		case "push":
-			_, err := strconv.ParseBool(value)
+			push, err := strconv.ParseBool(value)
 			if err != nil {
 				return errors.Errorf("invalid value %s for boolean key push", value)
 			}
-			if len(t.Outputs) == 0 {
-				t.Outputs = append(t.Outputs, "type=image,push=true")
-			} else {
-				for i, output := range t.Outputs {
-					if typ := parseOutputType(output); typ == "image" || typ == "registry" {
-						t.Outputs[i] = t.Outputs[i] + ",push=" + value
-					}
-				}
+			t.Outputs = setPushOverride(t.Outputs, push)
+		case "load":
+			load, err := strconv.ParseBool(value)
+			if err != nil {
+				return errors.Errorf("invalid value %s for boolean key load", value)
 			}
+			t.Outputs = setLoadOverride(t.Outputs, load)
 		default:
 			return errors.Errorf("unknown key: %s", keys[0])
 		}
@@ -1394,23 +1392,90 @@ func removeAttestDupes(s []string) []string {
 	return res
 }
 
-func parseOutputType(str string) string {
+func parseOutput(str string) map[string]string {
 	csvReader := csv.NewReader(strings.NewReader(str))
 	fields, err := csvReader.Read()
 	if err != nil {
-		return ""
+		return nil
 	}
+	res := map[string]string{}
 	for _, field := range fields {
 		parts := strings.SplitN(field, "=", 2)
 		if len(parts) == 2 {
-			if parts[0] == "type" {
-				return parts[1]
-			}
+			res[parts[0]] = parts[1]
+		}
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func parseOutputType(str string) string {
+	if out := parseOutput(str); out != nil {
+		if v, ok := out["type"]; ok {
+			return v
 		}
 	}
 	return ""
 }
 
+func setPushOverride(outputs []string, push bool) []string {
+	var out []string
+	setPush := true
+	for _, output := range outputs {
+		typ := parseOutputType(output)
+		if typ == "image" || typ == "registry" {
+			// no need to set push if image or registry types already defined
+			setPush = false
+			if typ == "registry" {
+				if !push {
+					// don't set registry output if "push" is false
+					continue
+				}
+				// no need to set "push" attribute to true for registry
+				out = append(out, output)
+				continue
+			}
+			out = append(out, output+",push="+strconv.FormatBool(push))
+		} else {
+			if typ != "docker" {
+				// if there is any output that is not docker, don't set "push"
+				setPush = false
+			}
+			out = append(out, output)
+		}
+	}
+	if push && setPush {
+		out = append(out, "type=image,push=true")
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func setLoadOverride(outputs []string, load bool) []string {
+	if !load {
+		return outputs
+	}
+	setLoad := true
+	for _, output := range outputs {
+		if typ := parseOutputType(output); typ == "docker" {
+			if v := parseOutput(output); v != nil {
+				// dest set means we want to output as tar so don't set load
+				if _, ok := v["dest"]; !ok {
+					setLoad = false
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		} else if typ != "image" && typ != "registry" && typ != "oci" {
+			// if there is any output that is not an image, registry
+			// or oci, don't set "load" similar to push override
+			setLoad = false
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if setLoad {
+		outputs = append(outputs, "type=docker")
+	}
+	return outputs
+}
+
 func validateTargetName(name string) error {
 	if !targetNamePattern.MatchString(name) {
 		return errors.Errorf("only %q are allowed", validTargetNameChars)

bake/bake_test.go

@@ -217,48 +217,252 @@ target "webapp" {
 }
 
 func TestPushOverride(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
+	t.Run("empty output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.push=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, "type=image,push=true", m["app"].Outputs[0])
+	})
 
-	fp := File{
-		Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
-		Data: []byte(
-			`target "app" {
+	t.Run("type image", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
 				output = ["type=image,compression=zstd"]
 			}`),
-	}
-	ctx := context.TODO()
-	m, _, err := ReadTargets(ctx, []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.push=true"}, nil)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.push=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, "type=image,compression=zstd,push=true", m["app"].Outputs[0])
+	})
 
-	require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
-	require.Equal(t, "type=image,compression=zstd,push=true", m["app"].Outputs[0])
-
-	fp = File{
-		Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
-		Data: []byte(
-			`target "app" {
+	t.Run("type image push false", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
 				output = ["type=image,compression=zstd"]
 			}`),
-	}
-	ctx = context.TODO()
-	m, _, err = ReadTargets(ctx, []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.push=false"}, nil)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.push=false"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, "type=image,compression=zstd,push=false", m["app"].Outputs[0])
+	})
 
-	require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
-	require.Equal(t, "type=image,compression=zstd,push=false", m["app"].Outputs[0])
-
-	fp = File{
-		Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
-		Data: []byte(
-			`target "app" {
+	t.Run("type registry", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+				output = ["type=registry"]
 			}`),
-	}
-	ctx = context.TODO()
-	m, _, err = ReadTargets(ctx, []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.push=true"}, nil)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.push=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, "type=registry", m["app"].Outputs[0])
+	})
 
-	require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
-	require.Equal(t, "type=image,push=true", m["app"].Outputs[0])
+	t.Run("type registry push false", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+				output = ["type=registry"]
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.push=false"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 0, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type local and empty target", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "foo" {
+		  		output = [ "type=local,dest=out" ]
+			}
+			target "bar" {
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"foo", "bar"}, []string{"*.push=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m))
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["foo"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=local,dest=out"}, m["foo"].Outputs)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["bar"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=image,push=true"}, m["bar"].Outputs)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestLoadOverride(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.load=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, "type=docker", m["app"].Outputs[0])
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type docker", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+				output = ["type=docker"]
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.load=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=docker"}, m["app"].Outputs)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type image", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+				output = ["type=image"]
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.load=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=image", "type=docker"}, m["app"].Outputs)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type image load false", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+				output = ["type=image"]
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.load=false"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=image"}, m["app"].Outputs)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type registry", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+				output = ["type=registry"]
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.load=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=registry", "type=docker"}, m["app"].Outputs)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type oci", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+				output = ["type=oci,dest=out"]
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.load=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=oci,dest=out", "type=docker"}, m["app"].Outputs)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type docker with dest", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "app" {
+				output = ["type=docker,dest=out"]
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"app"}, []string{"*.load=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m["app"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=docker,dest=out", "type=docker"}, m["app"].Outputs)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type local and empty target", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "foo" {
+		  		output = [ "type=local,dest=out" ]
+			}
+			target "bar" {
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"foo", "bar"}, []string{"*.load=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m))
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["foo"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=local,dest=out"}, m["foo"].Outputs)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["bar"].Outputs))
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=docker"}, m["bar"].Outputs)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestLoadAndPushOverride(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("type local and empty target", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "foo" {
+		  		output = [ "type=local,dest=out" ]
+			}
+			target "bar" {
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"foo", "bar"}, []string{"*.load=true", "*.push=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m))
+
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m["foo"].Outputs))
+		sort.Strings(m["foo"].Outputs)
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=local,dest=out"}, m["foo"].Outputs)
+
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m["bar"].Outputs))
+		sort.Strings(m["bar"].Outputs)
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=docker", "type=image,push=true"}, m["bar"].Outputs)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("type registry", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fp := File{
+			Name: "docker-bake.hcl",
+			Data: []byte(
+				`target "foo" {
+		  		output = [ "type=registry" ]
+			}`),
+		}
+		m, _, err := ReadTargets(context.TODO(), []File{fp}, []string{"foo"}, []string{"*.load=true", "*.push=true"}, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(m))
+
+		require.Equal(t, 2, len(m["foo"].Outputs))
+		sort.Strings(m["foo"].Outputs)
+		require.Equal(t, []string{"type=docker", "type=registry"}, m["foo"].Outputs)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestReadTargetsCompose(t *testing.T) {

bake/hcl_test.go

@@ -1445,6 +1445,39 @@ func TestVarUnsupportedType(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Error(t, err)
 }
 
+func TestHCLIndexOfFunc(t *testing.T) {
+	dt := []byte(`
+		variable "APP_VERSIONS" {
+		  default = [
+			"1.42.4",
+			"1.42.3"
+		  ]
+		}
+		target "default" {
+			args = {
+				APP_VERSION = app_version
+			}
+			matrix = {
+				app_version = APP_VERSIONS
+			}
+			name="app-${replace(app_version, ".", "-")}"
+			tags = [
+				"app:${app_version}",
+				indexof(APP_VERSIONS, app_version) == 0 ? "app:latest" : "",
+			]
+		}
+		`)
+
+	c, err := ParseFile(dt, "docker-bake.hcl")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.Equal(t, 2, len(c.Targets))
+	require.Equal(t, "app-1-42-4", c.Targets[0].Name)
+	require.Equal(t, "app:latest", c.Targets[0].Tags[1])
+	require.Equal(t, "app-1-42-3", c.Targets[1].Name)
+	require.Empty(t, c.Targets[1].Tags[1])
+}
+
 func ptrstr(s interface{}) *string {
 	var n *string
 	if reflect.ValueOf(s).Kind() == reflect.String {

bake/hclparser/stdlib.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-cty-funcs/uuid"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/hcl/v2/ext/tryfunc"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/hcl/v2/ext/typeexpr"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/zclconf/go-cty/cty"
 	"github.com/zclconf/go-cty/cty/function"
 	"github.com/zclconf/go-cty/cty/function/stdlib"
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ var stdlibFunctions = map[string]function.Function{
 	"hasindex":               stdlib.HasIndexFunc,
 	"indent":                 stdlib.IndentFunc,
 	"index":                  stdlib.IndexFunc,
+	"indexof":                indexOfFunc,
 	"int":                    stdlib.IntFunc,
 	"join":                   stdlib.JoinFunc,
 	"jsondecode":             stdlib.JSONDecodeFunc,
@@ -115,6 +117,51 @@ var stdlibFunctions = map[string]function.Function{
 	"zipmap":                 stdlib.ZipmapFunc,
 }
 
+// indexOfFunc constructs a function that finds the element index for a given
+// value in a list.
+var indexOfFunc = function.New(&function.Spec{
+	Params: []function.Parameter{
+		{
+			Name: "list",
+			Type: cty.DynamicPseudoType,
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "value",
+			Type: cty.DynamicPseudoType,
+		},
+	},
+	Type: function.StaticReturnType(cty.Number),
+	Impl: func(args []cty.Value, retType cty.Type) (ret cty.Value, err error) {
+		if !(args[0].Type().IsListType() || args[0].Type().IsTupleType()) {
+			return cty.NilVal, errors.New("argument must be a list or tuple")
+		}
+
+		if !args[0].IsKnown() {
+			return cty.UnknownVal(cty.Number), nil
+		}
+
+		if args[0].LengthInt() == 0 { // Easy path
+			return cty.NilVal, errors.New("cannot search an empty list")
+		}
+
+		for it := args[0].ElementIterator(); it.Next(); {
+			i, v := it.Element()
+			eq, err := stdlib.Equal(v, args[1])
+			if err != nil {
+				return cty.NilVal, err
+			}
+			if !eq.IsKnown() {
+				return cty.UnknownVal(cty.Number), nil
+			}
+			if eq.True() {
+				return i, nil
+			}
+		}
+		return cty.NilVal, errors.New("item not found")
+
+	},
+})
+
 // timestampFunc constructs a function that returns a string representation of the current date and time.
 //
 // This function was imported from terraform's datetime utilities.

bake/hclparser/stdlib_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package hclparser
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/zclconf/go-cty/cty"
+)
+
+func TestIndexOf(t *testing.T) {
+	type testCase struct {
+		input   cty.Value
+		key     cty.Value
+		want    cty.Value
+		wantErr bool
+	}
+	tests := map[string]testCase{
+		"index 0": {
+			input: cty.TupleVal([]cty.Value{cty.StringVal("one"), cty.NumberIntVal(2.0), cty.NumberIntVal(3), cty.StringVal("four")}),
+			key:   cty.StringVal("one"),
+			want:  cty.NumberIntVal(0),
+		},
+		"index 3": {
+			input: cty.TupleVal([]cty.Value{cty.StringVal("one"), cty.NumberIntVal(2.0), cty.NumberIntVal(3), cty.StringVal("four")}),
+			key:   cty.StringVal("four"),
+			want:  cty.NumberIntVal(3),
+		},
+		"index -1": {
+			input:   cty.TupleVal([]cty.Value{cty.StringVal("one"), cty.NumberIntVal(2.0), cty.NumberIntVal(3), cty.StringVal("four")}),
+			key:     cty.StringVal("3"),
+			wantErr: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for name, test := range tests {
+		name, test := name, test
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := indexOfFunc.Call([]cty.Value{test.input, test.key})
+			if err != nil {
+				if test.wantErr {
+					return
+				}
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
+			}
+			if !got.RawEquals(test.want) {
+				t.Errorf("wrong result\ngot:  %#v\nwant: %#v", got, test.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

bake/remote.go

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"archive/tar"
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/builder"
 	controllerapi "github.com/docker/buildx/controller/pb"
@@ -23,13 +25,34 @@ type Input struct {
 }
 
 func ReadRemoteFiles(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, url string, names []string, pw progress.Writer) ([]File, *Input, error) {
-	var session []session.Attachable
+	var sessions []session.Attachable
 	var filename string
+
 	st, ok := dockerui.DetectGitContext(url, false)
 	if ok {
-		ssh, err := controllerapi.CreateSSH([]*controllerapi.SSH{{ID: "default"}})
-		if err == nil {
-			session = append(session, ssh)
+		if ssh, err := controllerapi.CreateSSH([]*controllerapi.SSH{{
+			ID:    "default",
+			Paths: strings.Split(os.Getenv("BUILDX_BAKE_GIT_SSH"), ","),
+		}}); err == nil {
+			sessions = append(sessions, ssh)
+		}
+		var gitAuthSecrets []*controllerapi.Secret
+		if _, ok := os.LookupEnv("BUILDX_BAKE_GIT_AUTH_TOKEN"); ok {
+			gitAuthSecrets = append(gitAuthSecrets, &controllerapi.Secret{
+				ID:  llb.GitAuthTokenKey,
+				Env: "BUILDX_BAKE_GIT_AUTH_TOKEN",
+			})
+		}
+		if _, ok := os.LookupEnv("BUILDX_BAKE_GIT_AUTH_HEADER"); ok {
+			gitAuthSecrets = append(gitAuthSecrets, &controllerapi.Secret{
+				ID:  llb.GitAuthHeaderKey,
+				Env: "BUILDX_BAKE_GIT_AUTH_HEADER",
+			})
+		}
+		if len(gitAuthSecrets) > 0 {
+			if secrets, err := controllerapi.CreateSecrets(gitAuthSecrets); err == nil {
+				sessions = append(sessions, secrets)
+			}
 		}
 	} else {
 		st, filename, ok = dockerui.DetectHTTPContext(url)
@@ -59,7 +82,7 @@ func ReadRemoteFiles(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, url string, name
 
 	ch, done := progress.NewChannel(pw)
 	defer func() { <-done }()
-	_, err = c.Build(ctx, client.SolveOpt{Session: session, Internal: true}, "buildx", func(ctx context.Context, c gwclient.Client) (*gwclient.Result, error) {
+	_, err = c.Build(ctx, client.SolveOpt{Session: sessions, Internal: true}, "buildx", func(ctx context.Context, c gwclient.Client) (*gwclient.Result, error) {
 		def, err := st.Marshal(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err

build/build.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package build
 
 import (
-	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	_ "crypto/sha256" // ensure digests can be computed
@@ -10,44 +9,32 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/containerd/containerd/content"
-	"github.com/containerd/containerd/content/local"
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/images"
-	"github.com/containerd/containerd/platforms"
 	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/builder"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/driver"
-	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/confutil"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/desktop"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/dockerutil"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/imagetools"
-	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/osutil"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/progress"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/resolver"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/waitmap"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/opts"
 	imagetypes "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/builder/remotecontext/urlutil"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/jsonmessage"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client/llb"
-	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client/ociindex"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/exporter/containerimage/exptypes"
 	gateway "github.com/moby/buildkit/frontend/gateway/client"
-	"github.com/moby/buildkit/identity"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/session"
-	"github.com/moby/buildkit/session/upload/uploadprovider"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/solver/errdefs"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/solver/pb"
 	spb "github.com/moby/buildkit/sourcepolicy/pb"
-	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/apicaps"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/entitlements"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/progress/progresswriter"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/tracing"
@@ -66,7 +53,10 @@ var (
 
 const (
 	//nolint:gosec // G101: false-positive
-	printFallbackImage = "docker/dockerfile:1.5.2-labs@sha256:f2e91734a84c0922ff47aa4098ab775f1dfa932430d2888dd5cad5251fafdac4"
+	printFallbackImage = "docker/dockerfile:1.5@sha256:dbbd5e059e8a07ff7ea6233b213b36aa516b4c53c645f1817a4dd18b83cbea56"
+	// https://github.com/moby/buildkit/commit/71f99c52a669dc0322b5ea57bc28a09c20427227
+	//nolint:gosec // G101: false-positive
+	printLintFallbackImage = "docker.io/docker/dockerfile-upstream@sha256:47663570b6cc49ed90dc6e3215090a366989ab934d12dc93856a8ae0d27a95e7"
 )
 
 type Options struct {
@@ -92,16 +82,18 @@ type Options struct {
 	Target        string
 	Ulimits       *opts.UlimitOpt
 
-	Session      []session.Attachable
-	Linked       bool // Linked marks this target as exclusively linked (not requested by the user).
-	PrintFunc    *PrintFunc
-	SourcePolicy *spb.Policy
-	GroupRef     string
+	Session                []session.Attachable
+	Linked                 bool // Linked marks this target as exclusively linked (not requested by the user).
+	PrintFunc              *PrintFunc
+	WithProvenanceResponse bool
+	SourcePolicy           *spb.Policy
+	GroupRef               string
 }
 
 type PrintFunc struct {
-	Name   string
-	Format string
+	Name         string
+	Format       string
+	IgnoreStatus bool
 }
 
 type Inputs struct {
@@ -157,324 +149,6 @@ func toRepoOnly(in string) (string, error) {
 	return strings.Join(out, ","), nil
 }
 
-func toSolveOpt(ctx context.Context, node builder.Node, multiDriver bool, opt Options, bopts gateway.BuildOpts, configDir string, pw progress.Writer, docker *dockerutil.Client) (solveOpt *client.SolveOpt, release func(), err error) {
-	nodeDriver := node.Driver
-	defers := make([]func(), 0, 2)
-	releaseF := func() {
-		for _, f := range defers {
-			f()
-		}
-	}
-
-	defer func() {
-		if err != nil {
-			releaseF()
-		}
-	}()
-
-	// inline cache from build arg
-	if v, ok := opt.BuildArgs["BUILDKIT_INLINE_CACHE"]; ok {
-		if v, _ := strconv.ParseBool(v); v {
-			opt.CacheTo = append(opt.CacheTo, client.CacheOptionsEntry{
-				Type:  "inline",
-				Attrs: map[string]string{},
-			})
-		}
-	}
-
-	for _, e := range opt.CacheTo {
-		if e.Type != "inline" && !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.CacheExport] {
-			return nil, nil, notSupported(driver.CacheExport, nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/build-cache-backends/")
-		}
-	}
-
-	cacheTo := make([]client.CacheOptionsEntry, 0, len(opt.CacheTo))
-	for _, e := range opt.CacheTo {
-		if e.Type == "gha" {
-			if !bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("cache.gha")) {
-				continue
-			}
-		} else if e.Type == "s3" {
-			if !bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("cache.s3")) {
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-		cacheTo = append(cacheTo, e)
-	}
-
-	cacheFrom := make([]client.CacheOptionsEntry, 0, len(opt.CacheFrom))
-	for _, e := range opt.CacheFrom {
-		if e.Type == "gha" {
-			if !bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("cache.gha")) {
-				continue
-			}
-		} else if e.Type == "s3" {
-			if !bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("cache.s3")) {
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-		cacheFrom = append(cacheFrom, e)
-	}
-
-	so := client.SolveOpt{
-		Ref:                 opt.Ref,
-		Frontend:            "dockerfile.v0",
-		FrontendAttrs:       map[string]string{},
-		LocalDirs:           map[string]string{},
-		CacheExports:        cacheTo,
-		CacheImports:        cacheFrom,
-		AllowedEntitlements: opt.Allow,
-		SourcePolicy:        opt.SourcePolicy,
-	}
-
-	if so.Ref == "" {
-		so.Ref = identity.NewID()
-	}
-
-	if opt.CgroupParent != "" {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["cgroup-parent"] = opt.CgroupParent
-	}
-
-	if v, ok := opt.BuildArgs["BUILDKIT_MULTI_PLATFORM"]; ok {
-		if v, _ := strconv.ParseBool(v); v {
-			so.FrontendAttrs["multi-platform"] = "true"
-		}
-	}
-
-	if multiDriver {
-		// force creation of manifest list
-		so.FrontendAttrs["multi-platform"] = "true"
-	}
-
-	attests := make(map[string]string)
-	for k, v := range opt.Attests {
-		if v != nil {
-			attests[k] = *v
-		}
-	}
-
-	supportAttestations := bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("exporter.image.attestations")) && nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.MultiPlatform]
-	if len(attests) > 0 {
-		if !supportAttestations {
-			if !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.MultiPlatform] {
-				return nil, nil, notSupported("Attestation", nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/attestations/")
-			}
-			return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("Attestations are not supported by the current BuildKit daemon")
-		}
-		for k, v := range attests {
-			so.FrontendAttrs["attest:"+k] = v
-		}
-	}
-
-	if _, ok := opt.Attests["provenance"]; !ok && supportAttestations {
-		const noAttestEnv = "BUILDX_NO_DEFAULT_ATTESTATIONS"
-		var noProv bool
-		if v, ok := os.LookupEnv(noAttestEnv); ok {
-			noProv, err = strconv.ParseBool(v)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "invalid "+noAttestEnv)
-			}
-		}
-		if !noProv {
-			so.FrontendAttrs["attest:provenance"] = "mode=min,inline-only=true"
-		}
-	}
-
-	switch len(opt.Exports) {
-	case 1:
-		// valid
-	case 0:
-		if nodeDriver.IsMobyDriver() && !noDefaultLoad() {
-			// backwards compat for docker driver only:
-			// this ensures the build results in a docker image.
-			opt.Exports = []client.ExportEntry{{Type: "image", Attrs: map[string]string{}}}
-		}
-	default:
-		if err := bopts.LLBCaps.Supports(pb.CapMultipleExporters); err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("multiple outputs currently unsupported by the current BuildKit daemon, please upgrade to version v0.13+ or use a single output")
-		}
-	}
-
-	// fill in image exporter names from tags
-	if len(opt.Tags) > 0 {
-		tags := make([]string, len(opt.Tags))
-		for i, tag := range opt.Tags {
-			ref, err := reference.Parse(tag)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "invalid tag %q", tag)
-			}
-			tags[i] = ref.String()
-		}
-		for i, e := range opt.Exports {
-			switch e.Type {
-			case "image", "oci", "docker":
-				opt.Exports[i].Attrs["name"] = strings.Join(tags, ",")
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		for _, e := range opt.Exports {
-			if e.Type == "image" && e.Attrs["name"] == "" && e.Attrs["push"] != "" {
-				if ok, _ := strconv.ParseBool(e.Attrs["push"]); ok {
-					return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("tag is needed when pushing to registry")
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// cacheonly is a fake exporter to opt out of default behaviors
-	exports := make([]client.ExportEntry, 0, len(opt.Exports))
-	for _, e := range opt.Exports {
-		if e.Type != "cacheonly" {
-			exports = append(exports, e)
-		}
-	}
-	opt.Exports = exports
-
-	// set up exporters
-	for i, e := range opt.Exports {
-		if e.Type == "oci" && !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.OCIExporter] {
-			return nil, nil, notSupported(driver.OCIExporter, nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/build-exporters/")
-		}
-		if e.Type == "docker" {
-			features := docker.Features(ctx, e.Attrs["context"])
-			if features[dockerutil.OCIImporter] && e.Output == nil {
-				// rely on oci importer if available (which supports
-				// multi-platform images), otherwise fall back to docker
-				opt.Exports[i].Type = "oci"
-			} else if len(opt.Platforms) > 1 || len(attests) > 0 {
-				if e.Output != nil {
-					return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("docker exporter does not support exporting manifest lists, use the oci exporter instead")
-				}
-				return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("docker exporter does not currently support exporting manifest lists")
-			}
-			if e.Output == nil {
-				if nodeDriver.IsMobyDriver() {
-					e.Type = "image"
-				} else {
-					w, cancel, err := docker.LoadImage(ctx, e.Attrs["context"], pw)
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, nil, err
-					}
-					defers = append(defers, cancel)
-					opt.Exports[i].Output = func(_ map[string]string) (io.WriteCloser, error) {
-						return w, nil
-					}
-				}
-			} else if !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.DockerExporter] {
-				return nil, nil, notSupported(driver.DockerExporter, nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/build-exporters/")
-			}
-		}
-		if e.Type == "image" && nodeDriver.IsMobyDriver() {
-			opt.Exports[i].Type = "moby"
-			if e.Attrs["push"] != "" {
-				if ok, _ := strconv.ParseBool(e.Attrs["push"]); ok {
-					if ok, _ := strconv.ParseBool(e.Attrs["push-by-digest"]); ok {
-						return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("push-by-digest is currently not implemented for docker driver, please create a new builder instance")
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if e.Type == "docker" || e.Type == "image" || e.Type == "oci" {
-			// inline buildinfo attrs from build arg
-			if v, ok := opt.BuildArgs["BUILDKIT_INLINE_BUILDINFO_ATTRS"]; ok {
-				e.Attrs["buildinfo-attrs"] = v
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	so.Exports = opt.Exports
-	so.Session = opt.Session
-
-	releaseLoad, err := LoadInputs(ctx, nodeDriver, opt.Inputs, pw, &so)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
-	}
-	defers = append(defers, releaseLoad)
-
-	if sharedKey := so.LocalDirs["context"]; sharedKey != "" {
-		if p, err := filepath.Abs(sharedKey); err == nil {
-			sharedKey = filepath.Base(p)
-		}
-		so.SharedKey = sharedKey + ":" + confutil.TryNodeIdentifier(configDir)
-	}
-
-	if opt.Pull {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["image-resolve-mode"] = pb.AttrImageResolveModeForcePull
-	} else if nodeDriver.IsMobyDriver() {
-		// moby driver always resolves local images by default
-		so.FrontendAttrs["image-resolve-mode"] = pb.AttrImageResolveModePreferLocal
-	}
-	if opt.Target != "" {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["target"] = opt.Target
-	}
-	if len(opt.NoCacheFilter) > 0 {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["no-cache"] = strings.Join(opt.NoCacheFilter, ",")
-	}
-	if opt.NoCache {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["no-cache"] = ""
-	}
-	for k, v := range opt.BuildArgs {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["build-arg:"+k] = v
-	}
-	for k, v := range opt.Labels {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["label:"+k] = v
-	}
-
-	for k, v := range node.ProxyConfig {
-		if _, ok := opt.BuildArgs[k]; !ok {
-			so.FrontendAttrs["build-arg:"+k] = v
-		}
-	}
-
-	// set platforms
-	if len(opt.Platforms) != 0 {
-		pp := make([]string, len(opt.Platforms))
-		for i, p := range opt.Platforms {
-			pp[i] = platforms.Format(p)
-		}
-		if len(pp) > 1 && !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.MultiPlatform] {
-			return nil, nil, notSupported(driver.MultiPlatform, nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/build-multi-platform/")
-		}
-		so.FrontendAttrs["platform"] = strings.Join(pp, ",")
-	}
-
-	// setup networkmode
-	switch opt.NetworkMode {
-	case "host":
-		so.FrontendAttrs["force-network-mode"] = opt.NetworkMode
-		so.AllowedEntitlements = append(so.AllowedEntitlements, entitlements.EntitlementNetworkHost)
-	case "none":
-		so.FrontendAttrs["force-network-mode"] = opt.NetworkMode
-	case "", "default":
-	default:
-		return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("network mode %q not supported by buildkit - you can define a custom network for your builder using the network driver-opt in buildx create", opt.NetworkMode)
-	}
-
-	// setup extrahosts
-	extraHosts, err := toBuildkitExtraHosts(ctx, opt.ExtraHosts, nodeDriver)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
-	}
-	if len(extraHosts) > 0 {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["add-hosts"] = extraHosts
-	}
-
-	// setup shm size
-	if opt.ShmSize.Value() > 0 {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["shm-size"] = strconv.FormatInt(opt.ShmSize.Value(), 10)
-	}
-
-	// setup ulimits
-	ulimits, err := toBuildkitUlimits(opt.Ulimits)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
-	} else if len(ulimits) > 0 {
-		so.FrontendAttrs["ulimit"] = ulimits
-	}
-
-	return &so, releaseF, nil
-}
-
 func Build(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[string]Options, docker *dockerutil.Client, configDir string, w progress.Writer) (resp map[string]*client.SolveResponse, err error) {
 	return BuildWithResultHandler(ctx, nodes, opt, docker, configDir, w, nil)
 }
@@ -489,7 +163,7 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "no valid drivers found")
 	}
 
-	var noMobyDriver driver.Driver
+	var noMobyDriver *driver.DriverHandle
 	for _, n := range nodes {
 		if !n.Driver.IsMobyDriver() {
 			noMobyDriver = n.Driver
@@ -500,6 +174,10 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 	if noMobyDriver != nil && !noDefaultLoad() && noPrintFunc(opt) {
 		var noOutputTargets []string
 		for name, opt := range opt {
+			if noMobyDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.DefaultLoad] {
+				continue
+			}
+
 			if !opt.Linked && len(opt.Exports) == 0 {
 				noOutputTargets = append(noOutputTargets, name)
 			}
@@ -550,7 +228,7 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			so, release, err := toSolveOpt(ctx, np.Node(), multiDriver, opt, gatewayOpts, configDir, w, docker)
+			so, release, err := toSolveOpt(ctx, np.Node(), multiDriver, opt, gatewayOpts, configDir, addVCSLocalDir, w, docker)
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
@@ -560,9 +238,6 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 			for k, v := range gitattrs {
 				so.FrontendAttrs[k] = v
 			}
-			if addVCSLocalDir != nil {
-				addVCSLocalDir(so)
-			}
 			defers = append(defers, release)
 			reqn = append(reqn, &reqForNode{
 				resolvedNode: np,
@@ -729,25 +404,8 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 
 						res, err := c.Solve(ctx, req)
 						if err != nil {
-							fallback := false
-							var reqErr *errdefs.UnsupportedSubrequestError
-							if errors.As(err, &reqErr) {
-								switch reqErr.Name {
-								case "frontend.outline", "frontend.targets":
-									fallback = true
-								default:
-									return nil, err
-								}
-							} else {
-								return nil, err
-							}
-							// buildkit v0.8 vendored in Docker 20.10 does not support typed errors
-							if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unsupported request frontend.outline") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unsupported request frontend.targets") {
-								fallback = true
-							}
-
-							if fallback {
-								req.FrontendOpt["build-arg:BUILDKIT_SYNTAX"] = printFallbackImage
+							req, ok := fallbackPrintError(err, req)
+							if ok {
 								res2, err2 := c.Solve(ctx, req)
 								if err2 != nil {
 									return nil, err
@@ -797,7 +455,7 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 					} else {
 						rr, err = c.Build(ctx, *so, "buildx", buildFunc, ch)
 					}
-					if desktop.BuildBackendEnabled() && node.Driver.HistoryAPISupported(ctx) {
+					if !so.Internal && desktop.BuildBackendEnabled() && node.Driver.HistoryAPISupported(ctx) {
 						if err != nil {
 							return &desktop.ErrorWithBuildRef{
 								Ref: buildRef,
@@ -818,6 +476,11 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 						rr.ExporterResponse[k] = string(v)
 					}
 					rr.ExporterResponse["buildx.build.ref"] = buildRef
+					if opt.WithProvenanceResponse && node.Driver.HistoryAPISupported(ctx) {
+						if err := setRecordProvenance(ctx, c, rr, so.Ref, pw); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+					}
 
 					node := dp.Node().Driver
 					if node.IsMobyDriver() {
@@ -878,7 +541,7 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 				}
 
 				if pushNames != "" {
-					progress.Write(pw, fmt.Sprintf("merging manifest list %s", pushNames), func() error {
+					err := progress.Write(pw, fmt.Sprintf("merging manifest list %s", pushNames), func() error {
 						descs := make([]specs.Descriptor, 0, len(res))
 
 						for _, r := range res {
@@ -974,6 +637,9 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 						}
 						return nil
 					})
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
 				}
 				return nil
 			})
@@ -992,7 +658,7 @@ func BuildWithResultHandler(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[s
 	return resp, nil
 }
 
-func pushWithMoby(ctx context.Context, d driver.Driver, name string, l progress.SubLogger) error {
+func pushWithMoby(ctx context.Context, d *driver.DriverHandle, name string, l progress.SubLogger) error {
 	api := d.Config().DockerAPI
 	if api == nil {
 		return errors.Errorf("invalid empty Docker API reference") // should never happen
@@ -1072,7 +738,7 @@ func pushWithMoby(ctx context.Context, d driver.Driver, name string, l progress.
 	return nil
 }
 
-func remoteDigestWithMoby(ctx context.Context, d driver.Driver, name string) (string, error) {
+func remoteDigestWithMoby(ctx context.Context, d *driver.DriverHandle, name string) (string, error) {
 	api := d.Config().DockerAPI
 	if api == nil {
 		return "", errors.Errorf("invalid empty Docker API reference") // should never happen
@@ -1095,231 +761,6 @@ func remoteDigestWithMoby(ctx context.Context, d driver.Driver, name string) (st
 	return remoteImage.Descriptor.Digest.String(), nil
 }
 
-func createTempDockerfile(r io.Reader) (string, error) {
-	dir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "dockerfile")
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	f, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(dir, "Dockerfile"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	defer f.Close()
-	if _, err := io.Copy(f, r); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return dir, err
-}
-
-func LoadInputs(ctx context.Context, d *driver.DriverHandle, inp Inputs, pw progress.Writer, target *client.SolveOpt) (func(), error) {
-	if inp.ContextPath == "" {
-		return nil, errors.New("please specify build context (e.g. \".\" for the current directory)")
-	}
-
-	// TODO: handle stdin, symlinks, remote contexts, check files exist
-
-	var (
-		err              error
-		dockerfileReader io.Reader
-		dockerfileDir    string
-		dockerfileName   = inp.DockerfilePath
-		toRemove         []string
-	)
-
-	switch {
-	case inp.ContextState != nil:
-		if target.FrontendInputs == nil {
-			target.FrontendInputs = make(map[string]llb.State)
-		}
-		target.FrontendInputs["context"] = *inp.ContextState
-		target.FrontendInputs["dockerfile"] = *inp.ContextState
-	case inp.ContextPath == "-":
-		if inp.DockerfilePath == "-" {
-			return nil, errStdinConflict
-		}
-
-		buf := bufio.NewReader(inp.InStream)
-		magic, err := buf.Peek(archiveHeaderSize * 2)
-		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to peek context header from STDIN")
-		}
-		if !(err == io.EOF && len(magic) == 0) {
-			if isArchive(magic) {
-				// stdin is context
-				up := uploadprovider.New()
-				target.FrontendAttrs["context"] = up.Add(buf)
-				target.Session = append(target.Session, up)
-			} else {
-				if inp.DockerfilePath != "" {
-					return nil, errDockerfileConflict
-				}
-				// stdin is dockerfile
-				dockerfileReader = buf
-				inp.ContextPath, _ = os.MkdirTemp("", "empty-dir")
-				toRemove = append(toRemove, inp.ContextPath)
-				target.LocalDirs["context"] = inp.ContextPath
-			}
-		}
-	case osutil.IsLocalDir(inp.ContextPath):
-		target.LocalDirs["context"] = inp.ContextPath
-		switch inp.DockerfilePath {
-		case "-":
-			dockerfileReader = inp.InStream
-		case "":
-			dockerfileDir = inp.ContextPath
-		default:
-			dockerfileDir = filepath.Dir(inp.DockerfilePath)
-			dockerfileName = filepath.Base(inp.DockerfilePath)
-		}
-	case IsRemoteURL(inp.ContextPath):
-		if inp.DockerfilePath == "-" {
-			dockerfileReader = inp.InStream
-		} else if filepath.IsAbs(inp.DockerfilePath) {
-			dockerfileDir = filepath.Dir(inp.DockerfilePath)
-			dockerfileName = filepath.Base(inp.DockerfilePath)
-			target.FrontendAttrs["dockerfilekey"] = "dockerfile"
-		}
-		target.FrontendAttrs["context"] = inp.ContextPath
-	default:
-		return nil, errors.Errorf("unable to prepare context: path %q not found", inp.ContextPath)
-	}
-
-	if inp.DockerfileInline != "" {
-		dockerfileReader = strings.NewReader(inp.DockerfileInline)
-	}
-
-	if dockerfileReader != nil {
-		dockerfileDir, err = createTempDockerfile(dockerfileReader)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		toRemove = append(toRemove, dockerfileDir)
-		dockerfileName = "Dockerfile"
-		target.FrontendAttrs["dockerfilekey"] = "dockerfile"
-	}
-	if urlutil.IsURL(inp.DockerfilePath) {
-		dockerfileDir, err = createTempDockerfileFromURL(ctx, d, inp.DockerfilePath, pw)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		toRemove = append(toRemove, dockerfileDir)
-		dockerfileName = "Dockerfile"
-		target.FrontendAttrs["dockerfilekey"] = "dockerfile"
-		delete(target.FrontendInputs, "dockerfile")
-	}
-
-	if dockerfileName == "" {
-		dockerfileName = "Dockerfile"
-	}
-
-	if dockerfileDir != "" {
-		target.LocalDirs["dockerfile"] = dockerfileDir
-		dockerfileName = handleLowercaseDockerfile(dockerfileDir, dockerfileName)
-	}
-
-	target.FrontendAttrs["filename"] = dockerfileName
-
-	for k, v := range inp.NamedContexts {
-		target.FrontendAttrs["frontend.caps"] = "moby.buildkit.frontend.contexts+forward"
-		if v.State != nil {
-			target.FrontendAttrs["context:"+k] = "input:" + k
-			if target.FrontendInputs == nil {
-				target.FrontendInputs = make(map[string]llb.State)
-			}
-			target.FrontendInputs[k] = *v.State
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if IsRemoteURL(v.Path) || strings.HasPrefix(v.Path, "docker-image://") || strings.HasPrefix(v.Path, "target:") {
-			target.FrontendAttrs["context:"+k] = v.Path
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// handle OCI layout
-		if strings.HasPrefix(v.Path, "oci-layout://") {
-			pathAlone := strings.TrimPrefix(v.Path, "oci-layout://")
-			localPath := pathAlone
-			localPath, dig, hasDigest := strings.Cut(localPath, "@")
-			localPath, tag, hasTag := strings.Cut(localPath, ":")
-			if !hasTag {
-				tag = "latest"
-				hasTag = true
-			}
-			idx := ociindex.NewStoreIndex(localPath)
-			if !hasDigest {
-				// lookup by name
-				desc, err := idx.Get(tag)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				if desc != nil {
-					dig = string(desc.Digest)
-					hasDigest = true
-				}
-			}
-			if !hasDigest {
-				// lookup single
-				desc, err := idx.GetSingle()
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				if desc != nil {
-					dig = string(desc.Digest)
-					hasDigest = true
-				}
-			}
-			if !hasDigest {
-				return nil, errors.Errorf("oci-layout reference %q could not be resolved", v.Path)
-			}
-			_, err := digest.Parse(dig)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "invalid oci-layout digest %s", dig)
-			}
-
-			store, err := local.NewStore(localPath)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "invalid store at %s", localPath)
-			}
-			storeName := identity.NewID()
-			if target.OCIStores == nil {
-				target.OCIStores = map[string]content.Store{}
-			}
-			target.OCIStores[storeName] = store
-
-			layout := "oci-layout://" + storeName
-			if hasTag {
-				layout += ":" + tag
-			}
-			if hasDigest {
-				layout += "@" + dig
-			}
-
-			target.FrontendAttrs["context:"+k] = layout
-			continue
-		}
-		st, err := os.Stat(v.Path)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to get build context %v", k)
-		}
-		if !st.IsDir() {
-			return nil, errors.Wrapf(syscall.ENOTDIR, "failed to get build context path %v", v)
-		}
-		localName := k
-		if k == "context" || k == "dockerfile" {
-			localName = "_" + k // underscore to avoid collisions
-		}
-		target.LocalDirs[localName] = v.Path
-		target.FrontendAttrs["context:"+k] = "local:" + localName
-	}
-
-	release := func() {
-		for _, dir := range toRemove {
-			os.RemoveAll(dir)
-		}
-	}
-	return release, nil
-}
-
 func resultKey(index int, name string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%d-%s", index, name)
 }
@@ -1343,11 +784,11 @@ func calculateChildTargets(reqs map[string][]*reqForNode, opt map[string]Options
 }
 
 func waitContextDeps(ctx context.Context, index int, results *waitmap.Map, so *client.SolveOpt) error {
-	m := map[string]string{}
+	m := map[string][]string{}
 	for k, v := range so.FrontendAttrs {
 		if strings.HasPrefix(k, "context:") && strings.HasPrefix(v, "target:") {
 			target := resultKey(index, strings.TrimPrefix(v, "target:"))
-			m[target] = k
+			m[target] = append(m[target], k)
 		}
 	}
 	if len(m) == 0 {
@@ -1362,7 +803,7 @@ func waitContextDeps(ctx context.Context, index int, results *waitmap.Map, so *c
 		return err
 	}
 
-	for k, v := range m {
+	for k, contexts := range m {
 		r, ok := res[k]
 		if !ok {
 			continue
@@ -1377,19 +818,45 @@ func waitContextDeps(ctx context.Context, index int, results *waitmap.Map, so *c
 		if so.FrontendInputs == nil {
 			so.FrontendInputs = map[string]llb.State{}
 		}
-		if len(rr.Refs) > 0 {
-			for platform, r := range rr.Refs {
-				st, err := r.ToState()
+
+		for _, v := range contexts {
+			if len(rr.Refs) > 0 {
+				for platform, r := range rr.Refs {
+					st, err := r.ToState()
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					so.FrontendInputs[k+"::"+platform] = st
+					so.FrontendAttrs[v+"::"+platform] = "input:" + k + "::" + platform
+					metadata := make(map[string][]byte)
+					if dt, ok := rr.Metadata[exptypes.ExporterImageConfigKey+"/"+platform]; ok {
+						metadata[exptypes.ExporterImageConfigKey] = dt
+					}
+					if dt, ok := rr.Metadata["containerimage.buildinfo/"+platform]; ok {
+						metadata["containerimage.buildinfo"] = dt
+					}
+					if len(metadata) > 0 {
+						dt, err := json.Marshal(metadata)
+						if err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+						so.FrontendAttrs["input-metadata:"+k+"::"+platform] = string(dt)
+					}
+				}
+				delete(so.FrontendAttrs, v)
+			}
+			if rr.Ref != nil {
+				st, err := rr.Ref.ToState()
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-				so.FrontendInputs[k+"::"+platform] = st
-				so.FrontendAttrs[v+"::"+platform] = "input:" + k + "::" + platform
+				so.FrontendInputs[k] = st
+				so.FrontendAttrs[v] = "input:" + k
 				metadata := make(map[string][]byte)
-				if dt, ok := rr.Metadata[exptypes.ExporterImageConfigKey+"/"+platform]; ok {
+				if dt, ok := rr.Metadata[exptypes.ExporterImageConfigKey]; ok {
 					metadata[exptypes.ExporterImageConfigKey] = dt
 				}
-				if dt, ok := rr.Metadata["containerimage.buildinfo/"+platform]; ok {
+				if dt, ok := rr.Metadata["containerimage.buildinfo"]; ok {
 					metadata["containerimage.buildinfo"] = dt
 				}
 				if len(metadata) > 0 {
@@ -1397,84 +864,52 @@ func waitContextDeps(ctx context.Context, index int, results *waitmap.Map, so *c
 					if err != nil {
 						return err
 					}
-					so.FrontendAttrs["input-metadata:"+k+"::"+platform] = string(dt)
+					so.FrontendAttrs["input-metadata:"+k] = string(dt)
 				}
 			}
-			delete(so.FrontendAttrs, v)
-		}
-		if rr.Ref != nil {
-			st, err := rr.Ref.ToState()
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			so.FrontendInputs[k] = st
-			so.FrontendAttrs[v] = "input:" + k
-			metadata := make(map[string][]byte)
-			if dt, ok := rr.Metadata[exptypes.ExporterImageConfigKey]; ok {
-				metadata[exptypes.ExporterImageConfigKey] = dt
-			}
-			if dt, ok := rr.Metadata["containerimage.buildinfo"]; ok {
-				metadata["containerimage.buildinfo"] = dt
-			}
-			if len(metadata) > 0 {
-				dt, err := json.Marshal(metadata)
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-				so.FrontendAttrs["input-metadata:"+k] = string(dt)
-			}
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func notSupported(f driver.Feature, d driver.Driver, docs string) error {
-	return errors.Errorf(`%s is not supported for the %s driver.
-Switch to a different driver, or turn on the containerd image store, and try again.
-Learn more at %s`, f, d.Factory().Name(), docs)
-}
-
-func noDefaultLoad() bool {
-	v, ok := os.LookupEnv("BUILDX_NO_DEFAULT_LOAD")
-	if !ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	b, err := strconv.ParseBool(v)
-	if err != nil {
-		logrus.Warnf("invalid non-bool value for BUILDX_NO_DEFAULT_LOAD: %s", v)
-	}
-	return b
-}
-
-// handle https://github.com/moby/moby/pull/10858
-func handleLowercaseDockerfile(dir, p string) string {
-	if filepath.Base(p) != "Dockerfile" {
-		return p
+func fallbackPrintError(err error, req gateway.SolveRequest) (gateway.SolveRequest, bool) {
+	if _, ok := req.FrontendOpt["requestid"]; !ok {
+		return req, false
 	}
 
-	f, err := os.Open(filepath.Dir(filepath.Join(dir, p)))
-	if err != nil {
-		return p
-	}
-
-	names, err := f.Readdirnames(-1)
-	if err != nil {
-		return p
-	}
-
-	foundLowerCase := false
-	for _, n := range names {
-		if n == "Dockerfile" {
-			return p
-		}
-		if n == "dockerfile" {
-			foundLowerCase = true
+	fallback := false
+	fallbackLint := false
+	var reqErr *errdefs.UnsupportedSubrequestError
+	if errors.As(err, &reqErr) {
+		switch reqErr.Name {
+		case "frontend.lint":
+			fallbackLint = true
+			fallthrough
+		case "frontend.outline", "frontend.targets":
+			fallback = true
+		default:
+			return req, false
 		}
 	}
-	if foundLowerCase {
-		return filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(p), "dockerfile")
+
+	// buildkit v0.8 vendored in Docker 20.10 does not support typed errors
+	for _, req := range []string{"frontend.outline", "frontend.targets", "frontend.lint"} {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unsupported request "+req) {
+			fallback = true
+		}
+		if req == "frontend.lint" {
+			fallbackLint = true
+		}
 	}
-	return p
+
+	if fallback {
+		req.FrontendOpt["build-arg:BUILDKIT_SYNTAX"] = printFallbackImage
+		if fallbackLint {
+			req.FrontendOpt["build-arg:BUILDKIT_SYNTAX"] = printLintFallbackImage
+		}
+		return req, true
+	}
+	return req, false
 }
 
 func noPrintFunc(opt map[string]Options) bool {

build/driver.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package build
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/platforms"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/builder"
@@ -46,10 +47,22 @@ func (dp resolvedNode) BuildOpts(ctx context.Context) (gateway.BuildOpts, error)
 
 type matchMaker func(specs.Platform) platforms.MatchComparer
 
+type cachedGroup[T any] struct {
+	g       flightcontrol.Group[T]
+	cache   map[int]T
+	cacheMu sync.Mutex
+}
+
+func newCachedGroup[T any]() cachedGroup[T] {
+	return cachedGroup[T]{
+		cache: map[int]T{},
+	}
+}
+
 type nodeResolver struct {
-	nodes   []builder.Node
-	clients flightcontrol.Group[*client.Client]
-	opt     flightcontrol.Group[gateway.BuildOpts]
+	nodes     []builder.Node
+	clients   cachedGroup[*client.Client]
+	buildOpts cachedGroup[gateway.BuildOpts]
 }
 
 func resolveDrivers(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[string]Options, pw progress.Writer) (map[string][]*resolvedNode, error) {
@@ -63,7 +76,9 @@ func resolveDrivers(ctx context.Context, nodes []builder.Node, opt map[string]Op
 
 func newDriverResolver(nodes []builder.Node) *nodeResolver {
 	r := &nodeResolver{
-		nodes: nodes,
+		nodes:     nodes,
+		clients:   newCachedGroup[*client.Client](),
+		buildOpts: newCachedGroup[gateway.BuildOpts](),
 	}
 	return r
 }
@@ -179,6 +194,7 @@ func (r *nodeResolver) resolve(ctx context.Context, ps []specs.Platform, pw prog
 			resolver:    r,
 			driverIndex: 0,
 		})
+		nodeIdxs = append(nodeIdxs, 0)
 	} else {
 		for i, idx := range nodeIdxs {
 			node := &resolvedNode{
@@ -237,11 +253,24 @@ func (r *nodeResolver) boot(ctx context.Context, idxs []int, pw progress.Writer)
 	for i, idx := range idxs {
 		i, idx := i, idx
 		eg.Go(func() error {
-			c, err := r.clients.Do(ctx, fmt.Sprint(idx), func(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error) {
+			c, err := r.clients.g.Do(ctx, fmt.Sprint(idx), func(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error) {
 				if r.nodes[idx].Driver == nil {
 					return nil, nil
 				}
-				return driver.Boot(ctx, baseCtx, r.nodes[idx].Driver, pw)
+				r.clients.cacheMu.Lock()
+				c, ok := r.clients.cache[idx]
+				r.clients.cacheMu.Unlock()
+				if ok {
+					return c, nil
+				}
+				c, err := driver.Boot(ctx, baseCtx, r.nodes[idx].Driver, pw)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				r.clients.cacheMu.Lock()
+				r.clients.cache[idx] = c
+				r.clients.cacheMu.Unlock()
+				return c, nil
 			})
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -272,14 +301,25 @@ func (r *nodeResolver) opts(ctx context.Context, idxs []int, pw progress.Writer)
 			continue
 		}
 		eg.Go(func() error {
-			opt, err := r.opt.Do(ctx, fmt.Sprint(idx), func(ctx context.Context) (gateway.BuildOpts, error) {
-				opt := gateway.BuildOpts{}
+			opt, err := r.buildOpts.g.Do(ctx, fmt.Sprint(idx), func(ctx context.Context) (gateway.BuildOpts, error) {
+				r.buildOpts.cacheMu.Lock()
+				opt, ok := r.buildOpts.cache[idx]
+				r.buildOpts.cacheMu.Unlock()
+				if ok {
+					return opt, nil
+				}
 				_, err := c.Build(ctx, client.SolveOpt{
 					Internal: true,
 				}, "buildx", func(ctx context.Context, c gateway.Client) (*gateway.Result, error) {
 					opt = c.BuildOpts()
 					return nil, nil
 				}, nil)
+				if err != nil {
+					return gateway.BuildOpts{}, err
+				}
+				r.buildOpts.cacheMu.Lock()
+				r.buildOpts.cache[idx] = opt
+				r.buildOpts.cacheMu.Unlock()
 				return opt, err
 			})
 			if err != nil {

build/git.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 const DockerfileLabel = "com.docker.image.source.entrypoint"
 
-func getGitAttributes(ctx context.Context, contextPath string, dockerfilePath string) (map[string]string, func(*client.SolveOpt), error) {
+func getGitAttributes(ctx context.Context, contextPath string, dockerfilePath string) (map[string]string, func(key, dir string, so *client.SolveOpt), error) {
 	res := make(map[string]string)
 	if contextPath == "" {
 		return nil, nil, nil
@@ -112,26 +112,20 @@ func getGitAttributes(ctx context.Context, contextPath string, dockerfilePath st
 		}
 	}
 
-	return res, func(so *client.SolveOpt) {
+	return res, func(key, dir string, so *client.SolveOpt) {
 		if !setGitInfo || root == "" {
 			return
 		}
-		for k, dir := range so.LocalDirs {
-			dir, err = filepath.EvalSymlinks(dir)
-			if err != nil {
-				continue
-			}
-			dir, err = filepath.Abs(dir)
-			if err != nil {
-				continue
-			}
-			if lp, err := osutil.GetLongPathName(dir); err == nil {
-				dir = lp
-			}
-			dir = osutil.SanitizePath(dir)
-			if r, err := filepath.Rel(root, dir); err == nil && !strings.HasPrefix(r, "..") {
-				so.FrontendAttrs["vcs:localdir:"+k] = r
-			}
+		dir, err := filepath.Abs(dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if lp, err := osutil.GetLongPathName(dir); err == nil {
+			dir = lp
+		}
+		dir = osutil.SanitizePath(dir)
+		if r, err := filepath.Rel(root, dir); err == nil && !strings.HasPrefix(r, "..") {
+			so.FrontendAttrs["vcs:localdir:"+key] = r
 		}
 	}, nil
 }

build/git_test.go

@@ -161,19 +161,17 @@ func TestLocalDirs(t *testing.T) {
 
 	so := &client.SolveOpt{
 		FrontendAttrs: map[string]string{},
-		LocalDirs: map[string]string{
-			"context":    ".",
-			"dockerfile": ".",
-		},
 	}
 
 	_, addVCSLocalDir, err := getGitAttributes(context.Background(), ".", "Dockerfile")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, addVCSLocalDir)
 
-	addVCSLocalDir(so)
+	require.NoError(t, setLocalMount("context", ".", so, addVCSLocalDir))
 	require.Contains(t, so.FrontendAttrs, "vcs:localdir:context")
 	assert.Equal(t, ".", so.FrontendAttrs["vcs:localdir:context"])
+
+	require.NoError(t, setLocalMount("dockerfile", ".", so, addVCSLocalDir))
 	require.Contains(t, so.FrontendAttrs, "vcs:localdir:dockerfile")
 	assert.Equal(t, ".", so.FrontendAttrs["vcs:localdir:dockerfile"])
 }
@@ -195,19 +193,17 @@ func TestLocalDirsSub(t *testing.T) {
 
 	so := &client.SolveOpt{
 		FrontendAttrs: map[string]string{},
-		LocalDirs: map[string]string{
-			"context":    ".",
-			"dockerfile": "app",
-		},
 	}
 
 	_, addVCSLocalDir, err := getGitAttributes(context.Background(), ".", "app/Dockerfile")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, addVCSLocalDir)
 
-	addVCSLocalDir(so)
+	require.NoError(t, setLocalMount("context", ".", so, addVCSLocalDir))
 	require.Contains(t, so.FrontendAttrs, "vcs:localdir:context")
 	assert.Equal(t, ".", so.FrontendAttrs["vcs:localdir:context"])
+
+	require.NoError(t, setLocalMount("dockerfile", "app", so, addVCSLocalDir))
 	require.Contains(t, so.FrontendAttrs, "vcs:localdir:dockerfile")
 	assert.Equal(t, "app", so.FrontendAttrs["vcs:localdir:dockerfile"])
 }

build/opt.go

@@ -0,0 +1,646 @@
+package build
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"github.com/containerd/containerd/content"
+	"github.com/containerd/containerd/content/local"
+	"github.com/containerd/containerd/platforms"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/builder"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/driver"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/confutil"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/dockerutil"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/osutil"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/progress"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/builder/remotecontext/urlutil"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client/llb"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client/ociindex"
+	gateway "github.com/moby/buildkit/frontend/gateway/client"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/identity"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/session/upload/uploadprovider"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/solver/pb"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/apicaps"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/entitlements"
+	"github.com/opencontainers/go-digest"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/tonistiigi/fsutil"
+)
+
+func toSolveOpt(ctx context.Context, node builder.Node, multiDriver bool, opt Options, bopts gateway.BuildOpts, configDir string, addVCSLocalDir func(key, dir string, so *client.SolveOpt), pw progress.Writer, docker *dockerutil.Client) (_ *client.SolveOpt, release func(), err error) {
+	nodeDriver := node.Driver
+	defers := make([]func(), 0, 2)
+	releaseF := func() {
+		for _, f := range defers {
+			f()
+		}
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			releaseF()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// inline cache from build arg
+	if v, ok := opt.BuildArgs["BUILDKIT_INLINE_CACHE"]; ok {
+		if v, _ := strconv.ParseBool(v); v {
+			opt.CacheTo = append(opt.CacheTo, client.CacheOptionsEntry{
+				Type:  "inline",
+				Attrs: map[string]string{},
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, e := range opt.CacheTo {
+		if e.Type != "inline" && !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.CacheExport] {
+			return nil, nil, notSupported(driver.CacheExport, nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/build-cache-backends/")
+		}
+	}
+
+	cacheTo := make([]client.CacheOptionsEntry, 0, len(opt.CacheTo))
+	for _, e := range opt.CacheTo {
+		if e.Type == "gha" {
+			if !bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("cache.gha")) {
+				continue
+			}
+		} else if e.Type == "s3" {
+			if !bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("cache.s3")) {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		cacheTo = append(cacheTo, e)
+	}
+
+	cacheFrom := make([]client.CacheOptionsEntry, 0, len(opt.CacheFrom))
+	for _, e := range opt.CacheFrom {
+		if e.Type == "gha" {
+			if !bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("cache.gha")) {
+				continue
+			}
+		} else if e.Type == "s3" {
+			if !bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("cache.s3")) {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		cacheFrom = append(cacheFrom, e)
+	}
+
+	so := client.SolveOpt{
+		Ref:                 opt.Ref,
+		Frontend:            "dockerfile.v0",
+		FrontendAttrs:       map[string]string{},
+		LocalMounts:         map[string]fsutil.FS{},
+		CacheExports:        cacheTo,
+		CacheImports:        cacheFrom,
+		AllowedEntitlements: opt.Allow,
+		SourcePolicy:        opt.SourcePolicy,
+	}
+
+	if so.Ref == "" {
+		so.Ref = identity.NewID()
+	}
+
+	if opt.CgroupParent != "" {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["cgroup-parent"] = opt.CgroupParent
+	}
+
+	if v, ok := opt.BuildArgs["BUILDKIT_MULTI_PLATFORM"]; ok {
+		if v, _ := strconv.ParseBool(v); v {
+			so.FrontendAttrs["multi-platform"] = "true"
+		}
+	}
+
+	if multiDriver {
+		// force creation of manifest list
+		so.FrontendAttrs["multi-platform"] = "true"
+	}
+
+	attests := make(map[string]string)
+	for k, v := range opt.Attests {
+		if v != nil {
+			attests[k] = *v
+		}
+	}
+
+	supportAttestations := bopts.LLBCaps.Contains(apicaps.CapID("exporter.image.attestations")) && nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.MultiPlatform]
+	if len(attests) > 0 {
+		if !supportAttestations {
+			if !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.MultiPlatform] {
+				return nil, nil, notSupported("Attestation", nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/attestations/")
+			}
+			return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("Attestations are not supported by the current BuildKit daemon")
+		}
+		for k, v := range attests {
+			so.FrontendAttrs["attest:"+k] = v
+		}
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := opt.Attests["provenance"]; !ok && supportAttestations {
+		const noAttestEnv = "BUILDX_NO_DEFAULT_ATTESTATIONS"
+		var noProv bool
+		if v, ok := os.LookupEnv(noAttestEnv); ok {
+			noProv, err = strconv.ParseBool(v)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "invalid "+noAttestEnv)
+			}
+		}
+		if !noProv {
+			so.FrontendAttrs["attest:provenance"] = "mode=min,inline-only=true"
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch len(opt.Exports) {
+	case 1:
+		// valid
+	case 0:
+		if !noDefaultLoad() && opt.PrintFunc == nil {
+			if nodeDriver.IsMobyDriver() {
+				// backwards compat for docker driver only:
+				// this ensures the build results in a docker image.
+				opt.Exports = []client.ExportEntry{{Type: "image", Attrs: map[string]string{}}}
+			} else if nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.DefaultLoad] {
+				opt.Exports = []client.ExportEntry{{Type: "docker", Attrs: map[string]string{}}}
+			}
+		}
+	default:
+		if err := bopts.LLBCaps.Supports(pb.CapMultipleExporters); err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("multiple outputs currently unsupported by the current BuildKit daemon, please upgrade to version v0.13+ or use a single output")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// fill in image exporter names from tags
+	if len(opt.Tags) > 0 {
+		tags := make([]string, len(opt.Tags))
+		for i, tag := range opt.Tags {
+			ref, err := reference.Parse(tag)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "invalid tag %q", tag)
+			}
+			tags[i] = ref.String()
+		}
+		for i, e := range opt.Exports {
+			switch e.Type {
+			case "image", "oci", "docker":
+				opt.Exports[i].Attrs["name"] = strings.Join(tags, ",")
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		for _, e := range opt.Exports {
+			if e.Type == "image" && e.Attrs["name"] == "" && e.Attrs["push"] != "" {
+				if ok, _ := strconv.ParseBool(e.Attrs["push"]); ok {
+					return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("tag is needed when pushing to registry")
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// cacheonly is a fake exporter to opt out of default behaviors
+	exports := make([]client.ExportEntry, 0, len(opt.Exports))
+	for _, e := range opt.Exports {
+		if e.Type != "cacheonly" {
+			exports = append(exports, e)
+		}
+	}
+	opt.Exports = exports
+
+	// set up exporters
+	for i, e := range opt.Exports {
+		if e.Type == "oci" && !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.OCIExporter] {
+			return nil, nil, notSupported(driver.OCIExporter, nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/build-exporters/")
+		}
+		if e.Type == "docker" {
+			features := docker.Features(ctx, e.Attrs["context"])
+			if features[dockerutil.OCIImporter] && e.Output == nil {
+				// rely on oci importer if available (which supports
+				// multi-platform images), otherwise fall back to docker
+				opt.Exports[i].Type = "oci"
+			} else if len(opt.Platforms) > 1 || len(attests) > 0 {
+				if e.Output != nil {
+					return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("docker exporter does not support exporting manifest lists, use the oci exporter instead")
+				}
+				return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("docker exporter does not currently support exporting manifest lists")
+			}
+			if e.Output == nil {
+				if nodeDriver.IsMobyDriver() {
+					e.Type = "image"
+				} else {
+					w, cancel, err := docker.LoadImage(ctx, e.Attrs["context"], pw)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, nil, err
+					}
+					defers = append(defers, cancel)
+					opt.Exports[i].Output = func(_ map[string]string) (io.WriteCloser, error) {
+						return w, nil
+					}
+				}
+			} else if !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.DockerExporter] {
+				return nil, nil, notSupported(driver.DockerExporter, nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/build-exporters/")
+			}
+		}
+		if e.Type == "image" && nodeDriver.IsMobyDriver() {
+			opt.Exports[i].Type = "moby"
+			if e.Attrs["push"] != "" {
+				if ok, _ := strconv.ParseBool(e.Attrs["push"]); ok {
+					if ok, _ := strconv.ParseBool(e.Attrs["push-by-digest"]); ok {
+						return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("push-by-digest is currently not implemented for docker driver, please create a new builder instance")
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if e.Type == "docker" || e.Type == "image" || e.Type == "oci" {
+			// inline buildinfo attrs from build arg
+			if v, ok := opt.BuildArgs["BUILDKIT_INLINE_BUILDINFO_ATTRS"]; ok {
+				e.Attrs["buildinfo-attrs"] = v
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	so.Exports = opt.Exports
+	so.Session = opt.Session
+
+	releaseLoad, err := loadInputs(ctx, nodeDriver, opt.Inputs, addVCSLocalDir, pw, &so)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	defers = append(defers, releaseLoad)
+
+	if sharedKey := so.LocalDirs["context"]; sharedKey != "" {
+		if p, err := filepath.Abs(sharedKey); err == nil {
+			sharedKey = filepath.Base(p)
+		}
+		so.SharedKey = sharedKey + ":" + confutil.TryNodeIdentifier(configDir)
+	}
+
+	if opt.Pull {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["image-resolve-mode"] = pb.AttrImageResolveModeForcePull
+	} else if nodeDriver.IsMobyDriver() {
+		// moby driver always resolves local images by default
+		so.FrontendAttrs["image-resolve-mode"] = pb.AttrImageResolveModePreferLocal
+	}
+	if opt.Target != "" {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["target"] = opt.Target
+	}
+	if len(opt.NoCacheFilter) > 0 {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["no-cache"] = strings.Join(opt.NoCacheFilter, ",")
+	}
+	if opt.NoCache {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["no-cache"] = ""
+	}
+	for k, v := range opt.BuildArgs {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["build-arg:"+k] = v
+	}
+	for k, v := range opt.Labels {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["label:"+k] = v
+	}
+
+	for k, v := range node.ProxyConfig {
+		if _, ok := opt.BuildArgs[k]; !ok {
+			so.FrontendAttrs["build-arg:"+k] = v
+		}
+	}
+
+	// set platforms
+	if len(opt.Platforms) != 0 {
+		pp := make([]string, len(opt.Platforms))
+		for i, p := range opt.Platforms {
+			pp[i] = platforms.Format(p)
+		}
+		if len(pp) > 1 && !nodeDriver.Features(ctx)[driver.MultiPlatform] {
+			return nil, nil, notSupported(driver.MultiPlatform, nodeDriver, "https://docs.docker.com/go/build-multi-platform/")
+		}
+		so.FrontendAttrs["platform"] = strings.Join(pp, ",")
+	}
+
+	// setup networkmode
+	switch opt.NetworkMode {
+	case "host":
+		so.FrontendAttrs["force-network-mode"] = opt.NetworkMode
+		so.AllowedEntitlements = append(so.AllowedEntitlements, entitlements.EntitlementNetworkHost)
+	case "none":
+		so.FrontendAttrs["force-network-mode"] = opt.NetworkMode
+	case "", "default":
+	default:
+		return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("network mode %q not supported by buildkit - you can define a custom network for your builder using the network driver-opt in buildx create", opt.NetworkMode)
+	}
+
+	// setup extrahosts
+	extraHosts, err := toBuildkitExtraHosts(ctx, opt.ExtraHosts, nodeDriver)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	if len(extraHosts) > 0 {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["add-hosts"] = extraHosts
+	}
+
+	// setup shm size
+	if opt.ShmSize.Value() > 0 {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["shm-size"] = strconv.FormatInt(opt.ShmSize.Value(), 10)
+	}
+
+	// setup ulimits
+	ulimits, err := toBuildkitUlimits(opt.Ulimits)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	} else if len(ulimits) > 0 {
+		so.FrontendAttrs["ulimit"] = ulimits
+	}
+
+	// mark info request as internal
+	if opt.PrintFunc != nil {
+		so.Internal = true
+	}
+
+	return &so, releaseF, nil
+}
+
+func loadInputs(ctx context.Context, d *driver.DriverHandle, inp Inputs, addVCSLocalDir func(key, dir string, so *client.SolveOpt), pw progress.Writer, target *client.SolveOpt) (func(), error) {
+	if inp.ContextPath == "" {
+		return nil, errors.New("please specify build context (e.g. \".\" for the current directory)")
+	}
+
+	// TODO: handle stdin, symlinks, remote contexts, check files exist
+
+	var (
+		err              error
+		dockerfileReader io.Reader
+		dockerfileDir    string
+		dockerfileName   = inp.DockerfilePath
+		toRemove         []string
+	)
+
+	switch {
+	case inp.ContextState != nil:
+		if target.FrontendInputs == nil {
+			target.FrontendInputs = make(map[string]llb.State)
+		}
+		target.FrontendInputs["context"] = *inp.ContextState
+		target.FrontendInputs["dockerfile"] = *inp.ContextState
+	case inp.ContextPath == "-":
+		if inp.DockerfilePath == "-" {
+			return nil, errStdinConflict
+		}
+
+		buf := bufio.NewReader(inp.InStream)
+		magic, err := buf.Peek(archiveHeaderSize * 2)
+		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to peek context header from STDIN")
+		}
+		if !(err == io.EOF && len(magic) == 0) {
+			if isArchive(magic) {
+				// stdin is context
+				up := uploadprovider.New()
+				target.FrontendAttrs["context"] = up.Add(buf)
+				target.Session = append(target.Session, up)
+			} else {
+				if inp.DockerfilePath != "" {
+					return nil, errDockerfileConflict
+				}
+				// stdin is dockerfile
+				dockerfileReader = buf
+				inp.ContextPath, _ = os.MkdirTemp("", "empty-dir")
+				toRemove = append(toRemove, inp.ContextPath)
+				if err := setLocalMount("context", inp.ContextPath, target, addVCSLocalDir); err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	case osutil.IsLocalDir(inp.ContextPath):
+		if err := setLocalMount("context", inp.ContextPath, target, addVCSLocalDir); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		switch inp.DockerfilePath {
+		case "-":
+			dockerfileReader = inp.InStream
+		case "":
+			dockerfileDir = inp.ContextPath
+		default:
+			dockerfileDir = filepath.Dir(inp.DockerfilePath)
+			dockerfileName = filepath.Base(inp.DockerfilePath)
+		}
+	case IsRemoteURL(inp.ContextPath):
+		if inp.DockerfilePath == "-" {
+			dockerfileReader = inp.InStream
+		} else if filepath.IsAbs(inp.DockerfilePath) {
+			dockerfileDir = filepath.Dir(inp.DockerfilePath)
+			dockerfileName = filepath.Base(inp.DockerfilePath)
+			target.FrontendAttrs["dockerfilekey"] = "dockerfile"
+		}
+		target.FrontendAttrs["context"] = inp.ContextPath
+	default:
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("unable to prepare context: path %q not found", inp.ContextPath)
+	}
+
+	if inp.DockerfileInline != "" {
+		dockerfileReader = strings.NewReader(inp.DockerfileInline)
+	}
+
+	if dockerfileReader != nil {
+		dockerfileDir, err = createTempDockerfile(dockerfileReader)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		toRemove = append(toRemove, dockerfileDir)
+		dockerfileName = "Dockerfile"
+		target.FrontendAttrs["dockerfilekey"] = "dockerfile"
+	}
+	if urlutil.IsURL(inp.DockerfilePath) {
+		dockerfileDir, err = createTempDockerfileFromURL(ctx, d, inp.DockerfilePath, pw)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		toRemove = append(toRemove, dockerfileDir)
+		dockerfileName = "Dockerfile"
+		target.FrontendAttrs["dockerfilekey"] = "dockerfile"
+		delete(target.FrontendInputs, "dockerfile")
+	}
+
+	if dockerfileName == "" {
+		dockerfileName = "Dockerfile"
+	}
+
+	if dockerfileDir != "" {
+		if err := setLocalMount("dockerfile", dockerfileDir, target, addVCSLocalDir); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		dockerfileName = handleLowercaseDockerfile(dockerfileDir, dockerfileName)
+	}
+
+	target.FrontendAttrs["filename"] = dockerfileName
+
+	for k, v := range inp.NamedContexts {
+		target.FrontendAttrs["frontend.caps"] = "moby.buildkit.frontend.contexts+forward"
+		if v.State != nil {
+			target.FrontendAttrs["context:"+k] = "input:" + k
+			if target.FrontendInputs == nil {
+				target.FrontendInputs = make(map[string]llb.State)
+			}
+			target.FrontendInputs[k] = *v.State
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if IsRemoteURL(v.Path) || strings.HasPrefix(v.Path, "docker-image://") || strings.HasPrefix(v.Path, "target:") {
+			target.FrontendAttrs["context:"+k] = v.Path
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// handle OCI layout
+		if strings.HasPrefix(v.Path, "oci-layout://") {
+			pathAlone := strings.TrimPrefix(v.Path, "oci-layout://")
+			localPath := pathAlone
+			localPath, dig, hasDigest := strings.Cut(localPath, "@")
+			localPath, tag, hasTag := strings.Cut(localPath, ":")
+			if !hasTag {
+				tag = "latest"
+				hasTag = true
+			}
+			idx := ociindex.NewStoreIndex(localPath)
+			if !hasDigest {
+				// lookup by name
+				desc, err := idx.Get(tag)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				if desc != nil {
+					dig = string(desc.Digest)
+					hasDigest = true
+				}
+			}
+			if !hasDigest {
+				// lookup single
+				desc, err := idx.GetSingle()
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				if desc != nil {
+					dig = string(desc.Digest)
+					hasDigest = true
+				}
+			}
+			if !hasDigest {
+				return nil, errors.Errorf("oci-layout reference %q could not be resolved", v.Path)
+			}
+			_, err := digest.Parse(dig)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "invalid oci-layout digest %s", dig)
+			}
+
+			store, err := local.NewStore(localPath)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "invalid store at %s", localPath)
+			}
+			storeName := identity.NewID()
+			if target.OCIStores == nil {
+				target.OCIStores = map[string]content.Store{}
+			}
+			target.OCIStores[storeName] = store
+
+			layout := "oci-layout://" + storeName
+			if hasTag {
+				layout += ":" + tag
+			}
+			if hasDigest {
+				layout += "@" + dig
+			}
+
+			target.FrontendAttrs["context:"+k] = layout
+			continue
+		}
+		st, err := os.Stat(v.Path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to get build context %v", k)
+		}
+		if !st.IsDir() {
+			return nil, errors.Wrapf(syscall.ENOTDIR, "failed to get build context path %v", v)
+		}
+		localName := k
+		if k == "context" || k == "dockerfile" {
+			localName = "_" + k // underscore to avoid collisions
+		}
+		if err := setLocalMount(localName, v.Path, target, addVCSLocalDir); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		target.FrontendAttrs["context:"+k] = "local:" + localName
+	}
+
+	release := func() {
+		for _, dir := range toRemove {
+			os.RemoveAll(dir)
+		}
+	}
+	return release, nil
+}
+
+func setLocalMount(name, root string, so *client.SolveOpt, addVCSLocalDir func(key, dir string, so *client.SolveOpt)) error {
+	lm, err := fsutil.NewFS(root)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	root, err = filepath.EvalSymlinks(root) // keep same behavior as fsutil.NewFS
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if so.LocalMounts == nil {
+		so.LocalMounts = map[string]fsutil.FS{}
+	}
+	so.LocalMounts[name] = lm
+	if addVCSLocalDir != nil {
+		addVCSLocalDir(name, root, so)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func createTempDockerfile(r io.Reader) (string, error) {
+	dir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "dockerfile")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	f, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(dir, "Dockerfile"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+	if _, err := io.Copy(f, r); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return dir, err
+}
+
+// handle https://github.com/moby/moby/pull/10858
+func handleLowercaseDockerfile(dir, p string) string {
+	if filepath.Base(p) != "Dockerfile" {
+		return p
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.Open(filepath.Dir(filepath.Join(dir, p)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return p
+	}
+
+	names, err := f.Readdirnames(-1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return p
+	}
+
+	foundLowerCase := false
+	for _, n := range names {
+		if n == "Dockerfile" {
+			return p
+		}
+		if n == "dockerfile" {
+			foundLowerCase = true
+		}
+	}
+	if foundLowerCase {
+		return filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(p), "dockerfile")
+	}
+	return p
+}

build/provenance.go

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+package build
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/containerd/containerd/content"
+	"github.com/containerd/containerd/content/proxy"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/confutil"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/progress"
+	controlapi "github.com/moby/buildkit/api/services/control"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
+	provenancetypes "github.com/moby/buildkit/solver/llbsolver/provenance/types"
+	ocispecs "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
+)
+
+type provenancePredicate struct {
+	Builder *provenanceBuilder `json:"builder,omitempty"`
+	provenancetypes.ProvenancePredicate
+}
+
+type provenanceBuilder struct {
+	ID string `json:"id,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func setRecordProvenance(ctx context.Context, c *client.Client, sr *client.SolveResponse, ref string, pw progress.Writer) error {
+	mode := confutil.MetadataProvenance()
+	if mode == confutil.MetadataProvenanceModeDisabled {
+		return nil
+	}
+	pw = progress.ResetTime(pw)
+	return progress.Wrap("resolving provenance for metadata file", pw.Write, func(l progress.SubLogger) error {
+		res, err := fetchProvenance(ctx, c, ref, mode)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		for k, v := range res {
+			sr.ExporterResponse[k] = v
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+}
+
+func fetchProvenance(ctx context.Context, c *client.Client, ref string, mode confutil.MetadataProvenanceMode) (out map[string]string, err error) {
+	cl, err := c.ControlClient().ListenBuildHistory(ctx, &controlapi.BuildHistoryRequest{
+		Ref:       ref,
+		EarlyExit: true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+	eg, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(ctx)
+	store := proxy.NewContentStore(c.ContentClient())
+	for {
+		ev, err := cl.Recv()
+		if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+			break
+		} else if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if ev.Record == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if ev.Record.Result != nil {
+			desc := lookupProvenance(ev.Record.Result)
+			if desc == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			eg.Go(func() error {
+				dt, err := content.ReadBlob(ctx, store, *desc)
+				if err != nil {
+					return errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to load provenance blob from build record")
+				}
+				prv, err := encodeProvenance(dt, mode)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				mu.Lock()
+				if out == nil {
+					out = make(map[string]string)
+				}
+				out["buildx.build.provenance"] = prv
+				mu.Unlock()
+				return nil
+			})
+		} else if ev.Record.Results != nil {
+			for platform, res := range ev.Record.Results {
+				platform := platform
+				desc := lookupProvenance(res)
+				if desc == nil {
+					continue
+				}
+				eg.Go(func() error {
+					dt, err := content.ReadBlob(ctx, store, *desc)
+					if err != nil {
+						return errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to load provenance blob from build record")
+					}
+					prv, err := encodeProvenance(dt, mode)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					mu.Lock()
+					if out == nil {
+						out = make(map[string]string)
+					}
+					out["buildx.build.provenance/"+platform] = prv
+					mu.Unlock()
+					return nil
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return out, eg.Wait()
+}
+
+func lookupProvenance(res *controlapi.BuildResultInfo) *ocispecs.Descriptor {
+	for _, a := range res.Attestations {
+		if a.MediaType == "application/vnd.in-toto+json" && strings.HasPrefix(a.Annotations["in-toto.io/predicate-type"], "https://slsa.dev/provenance/") {
+			return &ocispecs.Descriptor{
+				Digest:      a.Digest,
+				Size:        a.Size_,
+				MediaType:   a.MediaType,
+				Annotations: a.Annotations,
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func encodeProvenance(dt []byte, mode confutil.MetadataProvenanceMode) (string, error) {
+	var prv provenancePredicate
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(dt, &prv); err != nil {
+		return "", errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to unmarshal provenance")
+	}
+	if prv.Builder != nil && prv.Builder.ID == "" {
+		// reset builder if id is empty
+		prv.Builder = nil
+	}
+	if mode == confutil.MetadataProvenanceModeMin {
+		// reset fields for minimal provenance
+		prv.BuildConfig = nil
+		prv.Metadata = nil
+	}
+	dtprv, err := json.Marshal(prv)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to marshal provenance")
+	}
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(dtprv), nil
+}

build/utils.go

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"net"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/driver"
@@ -12,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/docker/builder/remotecontext/urlutil"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/gitutil"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -101,3 +104,21 @@ func toBuildkitUlimits(inp *opts.UlimitOpt) (string, error) {
 	}
 	return strings.Join(ulimits, ","), nil
 }
+
+func notSupported(f driver.Feature, d *driver.DriverHandle, docs string) error {
+	return errors.Errorf(`%s is not supported for the %s driver.
+Switch to a different driver, or turn on the containerd image store, and try again.
+Learn more at %s`, f, d.Factory().Name(), docs)
+}
+
+func noDefaultLoad() bool {
+	v, ok := os.LookupEnv("BUILDX_NO_DEFAULT_LOAD")
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	b, err := strconv.ParseBool(v)
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Warnf("invalid non-bool value for BUILDX_NO_DEFAULT_LOAD: %s", v)
+	}
+	return b
+}

builder/node.go

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ func (b *Builder) LoadNodes(ctx context.Context, opts ...LoadNodesOption) (_ []N
 					}
 				}
 
-				d, err := driver.GetDriver(ctx, "buildx_buildkit_"+n.Name, factory, n.Endpoint, dockerapi, imageopt.Auth, kcc, n.BuildkitdFlags, n.Files, n.DriverOpts, n.Platforms, b.opts.contextPathHash, lno.dialMeta)
+				d, err := driver.GetDriver(ctx, driver.BuilderName(n.Name), factory, n.Endpoint, dockerapi, imageopt.Auth, kcc, n.BuildkitdFlags, n.Files, n.DriverOpts, n.Platforms, b.opts.contextPathHash, lno.dialMeta)
 				if err != nil {
 					node.Err = err
 					return nil

cmd/buildx/main.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	cliflags "github.com/docker/cli/cli/flags"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/solver/errdefs"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/stack"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
 
 	//nolint:staticcheck // vendored dependencies may still use this
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/pkg/seed"
@@ -38,10 +40,27 @@ func runStandalone(cmd *command.DockerCli) error {
 	if err := cmd.Initialize(cliflags.NewClientOptions()); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	defer flushMetrics(cmd)
+
 	rootCmd := commands.NewRootCmd(os.Args[0], false, cmd)
 	return rootCmd.Execute()
 }
 
+// flushMetrics will manually flush metrics from the configured
+// meter provider. This is needed when running in standalone mode
+// because the meter provider is initialized by the cli library,
+// but the mechanism for forcing it to report is not presently
+// exposed and not invoked when run in standalone mode.
+// There are plans to fix that in the next release, but this is
+// needed temporarily until the API for this is more thorough.
+func flushMetrics(cmd *command.DockerCli) {
+	if mp, ok := cmd.MeterProvider().(command.MeterProvider); ok {
+		if err := mp.ForceFlush(context.Background()); err != nil {
+			otel.Handle(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func runPlugin(cmd *command.DockerCli) error {
 	rootCmd := commands.NewRootCmd("buildx", true, cmd)
 	return plugin.RunPlugin(cmd, rootCmd, manager.Metadata{

commands/bake.go

@@ -72,12 +72,10 @@ func runBake(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, targets []string, in ba
 
 	overrides := in.overrides
 	if in.exportPush {
-		if in.exportLoad {
-			return errors.Errorf("push and load may not be set together at the moment")
-		}
 		overrides = append(overrides, "*.push=true")
-	} else if in.exportLoad {
-		overrides = append(overrides, "*.output=type=docker")
+	}
+	if in.exportLoad {
+		overrides = append(overrides, "*.load=true")
 	}
 	if cFlags.noCache != nil {
 		overrides = append(overrides, fmt.Sprintf("*.no-cache=%t", *cFlags.noCache))
@@ -204,12 +202,12 @@ func runBake(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, targets []string, in ba
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// local state group
 	groupRef := identity.NewID()
 	var refs []string
 	for k, b := range bo {
 		b.Ref = identity.NewID()
 		b.GroupRef = groupRef
+		b.WithProvenanceResponse = len(in.metadataFile) > 0
 		refs = append(refs, b.Ref)
 		bo[k] = b
 	}

commands/build.go

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/exporter/containerimage/exptypes"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/frontend/subrequests"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/frontend/subrequests/lint"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/frontend/subrequests/outline"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/frontend/subrequests/targets"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/solver/errdefs"
@@ -205,6 +206,8 @@ func (o *buildOptions) toControllerOptions() (*controllerapi.BuildOptions, error
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	opts.WithProvenanceResponse = opts.PrintFunc == nil && len(o.metadataFile) > 0
+
 	return &opts, nil
 }
 
@@ -266,11 +269,7 @@ func (o *buildOptionsHash) String() string {
 }
 
 func runBuild(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, options buildOptions) (err error) {
-	mp, err := metricutil.NewMeterProvider(ctx, dockerCli)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer mp.Report(context.Background())
+	mp := dockerCli.MeterProvider()
 
 	ctx, end, err := tracing.TraceCurrentCommand(ctx, "build")
 	if err != nil {
@@ -338,7 +337,7 @@ func runBuild(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, options buildOptions)
 	done := timeBuildCommand(mp, attributes)
 	var resp *client.SolveResponse
 	var retErr error
-	if isExperimental() {
+	if confutil.IsExperimental() {
 		resp, retErr = runControllerBuild(ctx, dockerCli, opts, options, printer)
 	} else {
 		resp, retErr = runBasicBuild(ctx, dockerCli, opts, options, printer)
@@ -366,15 +365,14 @@ func runBuild(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, options buildOptions)
 			return errors.Wrap(err, "writing image ID file")
 		}
 	}
-	if options.metadataFile != "" {
-		if err := writeMetadataFile(options.metadataFile, decodeExporterResponse(resp.ExporterResponse)); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
 	if opts.PrintFunc != nil {
 		if err := printResult(opts.PrintFunc, resp.ExporterResponse); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+	} else if options.metadataFile != "" {
+		if err := writeMetadataFile(options.metadataFile, decodeExporterResponse(resp.ExporterResponse)); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -421,14 +419,22 @@ func runControllerBuild(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, opts *contro
 	var ref string
 	var retErr error
 	var resp *client.SolveResponse
-	f := ioset.NewSingleForwarder()
-	f.SetReader(dockerCli.In())
-	pr, pw := io.Pipe()
-	f.SetWriter(pw, func() io.WriteCloser {
-		pw.Close() // propagate EOF
-		logrus.Debug("propagating stdin close")
-		return nil
-	})
+
+	var f *ioset.SingleForwarder
+	var pr io.ReadCloser
+	var pw io.WriteCloser
+	if options.invokeConfig == nil {
+		pr = dockerCli.In()
+	} else {
+		f = ioset.NewSingleForwarder()
+		f.SetReader(dockerCli.In())
+		pr, pw = io.Pipe()
+		f.SetWriter(pw, func() io.WriteCloser {
+			pw.Close() // propagate EOF
+			logrus.Debug("propagating stdin close")
+			return nil
+		})
+	}
 
 	ref, resp, err = c.Build(ctx, *opts, pr, printer)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -442,11 +448,13 @@ func runControllerBuild(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, opts *contro
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err := pw.Close(); err != nil {
-		logrus.Debug("failed to close stdin pipe writer")
-	}
-	if err := pr.Close(); err != nil {
-		logrus.Debug("failed to close stdin pipe reader")
+	if options.invokeConfig != nil {
+		if err := pw.Close(); err != nil {
+			logrus.Debug("failed to close stdin pipe writer")
+		}
+		if err := pr.Close(); err != nil {
+			logrus.Debug("failed to close stdin pipe reader")
+		}
 	}
 
 	if options.invokeConfig != nil && options.invokeConfig.needsDebug(retErr) {
@@ -575,7 +583,7 @@ func buildCmd(dockerCli command.Cli, rootOpts *rootOptions, debugConfig *debug.D
 	flags.StringVarP(&options.dockerfileName, "file", "f", "", `Name of the Dockerfile (default: "PATH/Dockerfile")`)
 	flags.SetAnnotation("file", annotation.ExternalURL, []string{"https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/build/#file"})
 
-	flags.StringVar(&options.imageIDFile, "iidfile", "", "Write the image ID to the file")
+	flags.StringVar(&options.imageIDFile, "iidfile", "", "Write the image ID to a file")
 
 	flags.StringArrayVar(&options.labels, "label", []string{}, "Set metadata for an image")
 
@@ -589,7 +597,7 @@ func buildCmd(dockerCli command.Cli, rootOpts *rootOptions, debugConfig *debug.D
 
 	flags.StringArrayVar(&options.platforms, "platform", platformsDefault, "Set target platform for build")
 
-	if isExperimental() {
+	if confutil.IsExperimental() {
 		flags.StringVar(&options.printFunc, "print", "", "Print result of information request (e.g., outline, targets)")
 		cobrautil.MarkFlagsExperimental(flags, "print")
 	}
@@ -617,7 +625,7 @@ func buildCmd(dockerCli command.Cli, rootOpts *rootOptions, debugConfig *debug.D
 	flags.StringVar(&options.sbom, "sbom", "", `Shorthand for "--attest=type=sbom"`)
 	flags.StringVar(&options.provenance, "provenance", "", `Shorthand for "--attest=type=provenance"`)
 
-	if isExperimental() {
+	if confutil.IsExperimental() {
 		// TODO: move this to debug command if needed
 		flags.StringVar(&options.Root, "root", "", "Specify root directory of server to connect")
 		flags.BoolVar(&options.Detach, "detach", false, "Detach buildx server (supported only on linux)")
@@ -690,7 +698,7 @@ func commonBuildFlags(options *commonFlags, flags *pflag.FlagSet) {
 	options.noCache = flags.Bool("no-cache", false, "Do not use cache when building the image")
 	flags.StringVar(&options.progress, "progress", "auto", `Set type of progress output ("auto", "plain", "tty"). Use plain to show container output`)
 	options.pull = flags.Bool("pull", false, "Always attempt to pull all referenced images")
-	flags.StringVar(&options.metadataFile, "metadata-file", "", "Write build result metadata to the file")
+	flags.StringVar(&options.metadataFile, "metadata-file", "", "Write build result metadata to a file")
 }
 
 func checkWarnedFlags(f *pflag.Flag) {
@@ -762,14 +770,6 @@ func (w *wrapped) Unwrap() error {
 	return w.err
 }
 
-func isExperimental() bool {
-	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv("BUILDX_EXPERIMENTAL"); ok {
-		vv, _ := strconv.ParseBool(v)
-		return vv
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 func updateLastActivity(dockerCli command.Cli, ng *store.NodeGroup) error {
 	txn, release, err := storeutil.GetStore(dockerCli)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -862,13 +862,22 @@ func printResult(f *controllerapi.PrintFunc, res map[string]string) error {
 		return printValue(targets.PrintTargets, targets.SubrequestsTargetsDefinition.Version, f.Format, res)
 	case "subrequests.describe":
 		return printValue(subrequests.PrintDescribe, subrequests.SubrequestsDescribeDefinition.Version, f.Format, res)
+	case "lint":
+		return printValue(lint.PrintLintViolations, lint.SubrequestLintDefinition.Version, f.Format, res)
 	default:
-		if dt, ok := res["result.txt"]; ok {
+		if dt, ok := res["result.json"]; ok && f.Format == "json" {
+			fmt.Println(dt)
+		} else if dt, ok := res["result.txt"]; ok {
 			fmt.Print(dt)
 		} else {
 			log.Printf("%s %+v", f, res)
 		}
 	}
+	if v, ok := res["result.statuscode"]; !f.IgnoreStatus && ok {
+		if n, err := strconv.Atoi(v); err == nil && n != 0 {
+			os.Exit(n)
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 

commands/root.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	imagetoolscmd "github.com/docker/buildx/commands/imagetools"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/controller/remote"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/cobrautil/completion"
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/confutil"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/logutil"
 	"github.com/docker/cli-docs-tool/annotation"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli"
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ func NewRootCmd(name string, isPlugin bool, dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Comman
 		"using default config store",
 	))
 
-	if !isExperimental() {
+	if !confutil.IsExperimental() {
 		cmd.SetHelpTemplate(cmd.HelpTemplate() + "\nExperimental commands and flags are hidden. Set BUILDX_EXPERIMENTAL=1 to show them.\n")
 	}
 
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ func addCommands(cmd *cobra.Command, dockerCli command.Cli) {
 		duCmd(dockerCli, opts),
 		imagetoolscmd.RootCmd(dockerCli, imagetoolscmd.RootOptions{Builder: &opts.builder}),
 	)
-	if isExperimental() {
+	if confutil.IsExperimental() {
 		cmd.AddCommand(debugcmd.RootCmd(dockerCli,
 			newDebuggableBuild(dockerCli, opts),
 		))

commands/util.go

@@ -1,17 +1,22 @@
 package commands
 
 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"os"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/streams"
 )
 
 func prompt(ctx context.Context, ins io.Reader, out io.Writer, msg string) (bool, error) {
 	done := make(chan struct{})
 	var ok bool
 	go func() {
-		ok = command.PromptForConfirmation(ins, out, msg)
+		ok = promptForConfirmation(ins, out, msg)
 		close(done)
 	}()
 	select {
@@ -21,3 +26,32 @@ func prompt(ctx context.Context, ins io.Reader, out io.Writer, msg string) (bool
 		return ok, nil
 	}
 }
+
+// promptForConfirmation requests and checks confirmation from user.
+// This will display the provided message followed by ' [y/N] '. If
+// the user input 'y' or 'Y' it returns true other false.  If no
+// message is provided "Are you sure you want to proceed? [y/N] "
+// will be used instead.
+//
+// Copied from github.com/docker/cli since the upstream version changed
+// recently with an incompatible change.
+//
+// See https://github.com/docker/buildx/pull/2359#discussion_r1544736494
+// for discussion on the issue.
+func promptForConfirmation(ins io.Reader, outs io.Writer, message string) bool {
+	if message == "" {
+		message = "Are you sure you want to proceed?"
+	}
+	message += " [y/N] "
+
+	_, _ = fmt.Fprint(outs, message)
+
+	// On Windows, force the use of the regular OS stdin stream.
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		ins = streams.NewIn(os.Stdin)
+	}
+
+	reader := bufio.NewReader(ins)
+	answer, _, _ := reader.ReadLine()
+	return strings.ToLower(string(answer)) == "y"
+}

controller/build/build.go

@@ -53,20 +53,21 @@ func RunBuild(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, in controllerapi.Build
 			InStream:       inStream,
 			NamedContexts:  contexts,
 		},
-		Ref:           in.Ref,
-		BuildArgs:     in.BuildArgs,
-		CgroupParent:  in.CgroupParent,
-		ExtraHosts:    in.ExtraHosts,
-		Labels:        in.Labels,
-		NetworkMode:   in.NetworkMode,
-		NoCache:       in.NoCache,
-		NoCacheFilter: in.NoCacheFilter,
-		Pull:          in.Pull,
-		ShmSize:       dockeropts.MemBytes(in.ShmSize),
-		Tags:          in.Tags,
-		Target:        in.Target,
-		Ulimits:       controllerUlimitOpt2DockerUlimit(in.Ulimits),
-		GroupRef:      in.GroupRef,
+		Ref:                    in.Ref,
+		BuildArgs:              in.BuildArgs,
+		CgroupParent:           in.CgroupParent,
+		ExtraHosts:             in.ExtraHosts,
+		Labels:                 in.Labels,
+		NetworkMode:            in.NetworkMode,
+		NoCache:                in.NoCache,
+		NoCacheFilter:          in.NoCacheFilter,
+		Pull:                   in.Pull,
+		ShmSize:                dockeropts.MemBytes(in.ShmSize),
+		Tags:                   in.Tags,
+		Target:                 in.Target,
+		Ulimits:                controllerUlimitOpt2DockerUlimit(in.Ulimits),
+		GroupRef:               in.GroupRef,
+		WithProvenanceResponse: in.WithProvenanceResponse,
 	}
 
 	platforms, err := platformutil.Parse(in.Platforms)
@@ -99,38 +100,38 @@ func RunBuild(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, in controllerapi.Build
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 	if in.ExportPush {
-		if in.ExportLoad {
-			return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("push and load may not be set together at the moment")
+		var pushUsed bool
+		for i := range outputs {
+			if outputs[i].Type == client.ExporterImage {
+				outputs[i].Attrs["push"] = "true"
+				pushUsed = true
+			}
 		}
-		if len(outputs) == 0 {
-			outputs = []client.ExportEntry{{
-				Type: "image",
+		if !pushUsed {
+			outputs = append(outputs, client.ExportEntry{
+				Type: client.ExporterImage,
 				Attrs: map[string]string{
 					"push": "true",
 				},
-			}}
-		} else {
-			switch outputs[0].Type {
-			case "image":
-				outputs[0].Attrs["push"] = "true"
-			default:
-				return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("push and %q output can't be used together", outputs[0].Type)
-			}
+			})
 		}
 	}
 	if in.ExportLoad {
-		if len(outputs) == 0 {
-			outputs = []client.ExportEntry{{
-				Type:  "docker",
-				Attrs: map[string]string{},
-			}}
-		} else {
-			switch outputs[0].Type {
-			case "docker":
-			default:
-				return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("load and %q output can't be used together", outputs[0].Type)
+		var loadUsed bool
+		for i := range outputs {
+			if outputs[i].Type == client.ExporterDocker {
+				if _, ok := outputs[i].Attrs["dest"]; !ok {
+					loadUsed = true
+					break
+				}
 			}
 		}
+		if !loadUsed {
+			outputs = append(outputs, client.ExportEntry{
+				Type:  client.ExporterDocker,
+				Attrs: map[string]string{},
+			})
+		}
 	}
 
 	annotations, err := buildflags.ParseAnnotations(in.Annotations)
@@ -160,8 +161,9 @@ func RunBuild(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, in controllerapi.Build
 
 	if in.PrintFunc != nil {
 		opts.PrintFunc = &build.PrintFunc{
-			Name:   in.PrintFunc.Name,
-			Format: in.PrintFunc.Format,
+			Name:         in.PrintFunc.Name,
+			Format:       in.PrintFunc.Format,
+			IgnoreStatus: in.PrintFunc.IgnoreStatus,
 		}
 	}
 

controller/pb/controller.pb.go

@@ -271,40 +271,41 @@ func (m *BuildRequest) GetOptions() *BuildOptions {
 }
 
 type BuildOptions struct {
-	ContextPath          string               `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=ContextPath,proto3" json:"ContextPath,omitempty"`
-	DockerfileName       string               `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=DockerfileName,proto3" json:"DockerfileName,omitempty"`
-	PrintFunc            *PrintFunc           `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=PrintFunc,proto3" json:"PrintFunc,omitempty"`
-	NamedContexts        map[string]string    `protobuf:"bytes,4,rep,name=NamedContexts,proto3" json:"NamedContexts,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
-	Allow                []string             `protobuf:"bytes,5,rep,name=Allow,proto3" json:"Allow,omitempty"`
-	Attests              []*Attest            `protobuf:"bytes,6,rep,name=Attests,proto3" json:"Attests,omitempty"`
-	BuildArgs            map[string]string    `protobuf:"bytes,7,rep,name=BuildArgs,proto3" json:"BuildArgs,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
-	CacheFrom            []*CacheOptionsEntry `protobuf:"bytes,8,rep,name=CacheFrom,proto3" json:"CacheFrom,omitempty"`
-	CacheTo              []*CacheOptionsEntry `protobuf:"bytes,9,rep,name=CacheTo,proto3" json:"CacheTo,omitempty"`
-	CgroupParent         string               `protobuf:"bytes,10,opt,name=CgroupParent,proto3" json:"CgroupParent,omitempty"`
-	Exports              []*ExportEntry       `protobuf:"bytes,11,rep,name=Exports,proto3" json:"Exports,omitempty"`
-	ExtraHosts           []string             `protobuf:"bytes,12,rep,name=ExtraHosts,proto3" json:"ExtraHosts,omitempty"`
-	Labels               map[string]string    `protobuf:"bytes,13,rep,name=Labels,proto3" json:"Labels,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
-	NetworkMode          string               `protobuf:"bytes,14,opt,name=NetworkMode,proto3" json:"NetworkMode,omitempty"`
-	NoCacheFilter        []string             `protobuf:"bytes,15,rep,name=NoCacheFilter,proto3" json:"NoCacheFilter,omitempty"`
-	Platforms            []string             `protobuf:"bytes,16,rep,name=Platforms,proto3" json:"Platforms,omitempty"`
-	Secrets              []*Secret            `protobuf:"bytes,17,rep,name=Secrets,proto3" json:"Secrets,omitempty"`
-	ShmSize              int64                `protobuf:"varint,18,opt,name=ShmSize,proto3" json:"ShmSize,omitempty"`
-	SSH                  []*SSH               `protobuf:"bytes,19,rep,name=SSH,proto3" json:"SSH,omitempty"`
-	Tags                 []string             `protobuf:"bytes,20,rep,name=Tags,proto3" json:"Tags,omitempty"`
-	Target               string               `protobuf:"bytes,21,opt,name=Target,proto3" json:"Target,omitempty"`
-	Ulimits              *UlimitOpt           `protobuf:"bytes,22,opt,name=Ulimits,proto3" json:"Ulimits,omitempty"`
-	Builder              string               `protobuf:"bytes,23,opt,name=Builder,proto3" json:"Builder,omitempty"`
-	NoCache              bool                 `protobuf:"varint,24,opt,name=NoCache,proto3" json:"NoCache,omitempty"`
-	Pull                 bool                 `protobuf:"varint,25,opt,name=Pull,proto3" json:"Pull,omitempty"`
-	ExportPush           bool                 `protobuf:"varint,26,opt,name=ExportPush,proto3" json:"ExportPush,omitempty"`
-	ExportLoad           bool                 `protobuf:"varint,27,opt,name=ExportLoad,proto3" json:"ExportLoad,omitempty"`
-	SourcePolicy         *pb.Policy           `protobuf:"bytes,28,opt,name=SourcePolicy,proto3" json:"SourcePolicy,omitempty"`
-	Ref                  string               `protobuf:"bytes,29,opt,name=Ref,proto3" json:"Ref,omitempty"`
-	GroupRef             string               `protobuf:"bytes,30,opt,name=GroupRef,proto3" json:"GroupRef,omitempty"`
-	Annotations          []string             `protobuf:"bytes,31,rep,name=Annotations,proto3" json:"Annotations,omitempty"`
-	XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral struct{}             `json:"-"`
-	XXX_unrecognized     []byte               `json:"-"`
-	XXX_sizecache        int32                `json:"-"`
+	ContextPath            string               `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=ContextPath,proto3" json:"ContextPath,omitempty"`
+	DockerfileName         string               `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=DockerfileName,proto3" json:"DockerfileName,omitempty"`
+	PrintFunc              *PrintFunc           `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=PrintFunc,proto3" json:"PrintFunc,omitempty"`
+	NamedContexts          map[string]string    `protobuf:"bytes,4,rep,name=NamedContexts,proto3" json:"NamedContexts,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
+	Allow                  []string             `protobuf:"bytes,5,rep,name=Allow,proto3" json:"Allow,omitempty"`
+	Attests                []*Attest            `protobuf:"bytes,6,rep,name=Attests,proto3" json:"Attests,omitempty"`
+	BuildArgs              map[string]string    `protobuf:"bytes,7,rep,name=BuildArgs,proto3" json:"BuildArgs,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
+	CacheFrom              []*CacheOptionsEntry `protobuf:"bytes,8,rep,name=CacheFrom,proto3" json:"CacheFrom,omitempty"`
+	CacheTo                []*CacheOptionsEntry `protobuf:"bytes,9,rep,name=CacheTo,proto3" json:"CacheTo,omitempty"`
+	CgroupParent           string               `protobuf:"bytes,10,opt,name=CgroupParent,proto3" json:"CgroupParent,omitempty"`
+	Exports                []*ExportEntry       `protobuf:"bytes,11,rep,name=Exports,proto3" json:"Exports,omitempty"`
+	ExtraHosts             []string             `protobuf:"bytes,12,rep,name=ExtraHosts,proto3" json:"ExtraHosts,omitempty"`
+	Labels                 map[string]string    `protobuf:"bytes,13,rep,name=Labels,proto3" json:"Labels,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
+	NetworkMode            string               `protobuf:"bytes,14,opt,name=NetworkMode,proto3" json:"NetworkMode,omitempty"`
+	NoCacheFilter          []string             `protobuf:"bytes,15,rep,name=NoCacheFilter,proto3" json:"NoCacheFilter,omitempty"`
+	Platforms              []string             `protobuf:"bytes,16,rep,name=Platforms,proto3" json:"Platforms,omitempty"`
+	Secrets                []*Secret            `protobuf:"bytes,17,rep,name=Secrets,proto3" json:"Secrets,omitempty"`
+	ShmSize                int64                `protobuf:"varint,18,opt,name=ShmSize,proto3" json:"ShmSize,omitempty"`
+	SSH                    []*SSH               `protobuf:"bytes,19,rep,name=SSH,proto3" json:"SSH,omitempty"`
+	Tags                   []string             `protobuf:"bytes,20,rep,name=Tags,proto3" json:"Tags,omitempty"`
+	Target                 string               `protobuf:"bytes,21,opt,name=Target,proto3" json:"Target,omitempty"`
+	Ulimits                *UlimitOpt           `protobuf:"bytes,22,opt,name=Ulimits,proto3" json:"Ulimits,omitempty"`
+	Builder                string               `protobuf:"bytes,23,opt,name=Builder,proto3" json:"Builder,omitempty"`
+	NoCache                bool                 `protobuf:"varint,24,opt,name=NoCache,proto3" json:"NoCache,omitempty"`
+	Pull                   bool                 `protobuf:"varint,25,opt,name=Pull,proto3" json:"Pull,omitempty"`
+	ExportPush             bool                 `protobuf:"varint,26,opt,name=ExportPush,proto3" json:"ExportPush,omitempty"`
+	ExportLoad             bool                 `protobuf:"varint,27,opt,name=ExportLoad,proto3" json:"ExportLoad,omitempty"`
+	SourcePolicy           *pb.Policy           `protobuf:"bytes,28,opt,name=SourcePolicy,proto3" json:"SourcePolicy,omitempty"`
+	Ref                    string               `protobuf:"bytes,29,opt,name=Ref,proto3" json:"Ref,omitempty"`
+	GroupRef               string               `protobuf:"bytes,30,opt,name=GroupRef,proto3" json:"GroupRef,omitempty"`
+	Annotations            []string             `protobuf:"bytes,31,rep,name=Annotations,proto3" json:"Annotations,omitempty"`
+	WithProvenanceResponse bool                 `protobuf:"varint,32,opt,name=WithProvenanceResponse,proto3" json:"WithProvenanceResponse,omitempty"`
+	XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral   struct{}             `json:"-"`
+	XXX_unrecognized       []byte               `json:"-"`
+	XXX_sizecache          int32                `json:"-"`
 }
 
 func (m *BuildOptions) Reset()         { *m = BuildOptions{} }
@@ -548,6 +549,13 @@ func (m *BuildOptions) GetAnnotations() []string {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (m *BuildOptions) GetWithProvenanceResponse() bool {
+	if m != nil {
+		return m.WithProvenanceResponse
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 type ExportEntry struct {
 	Type                 string            `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=Type,proto3" json:"Type,omitempty"`
 	Attrs                map[string]string `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=Attrs,proto3" json:"Attrs,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
@@ -805,6 +813,7 @@ func (m *Secret) GetEnv() string {
 type PrintFunc struct {
 	Name                 string   `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=Name,proto3" json:"Name,omitempty"`
 	Format               string   `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=Format,proto3" json:"Format,omitempty"`
+	IgnoreStatus         bool     `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=IgnoreStatus,proto3" json:"IgnoreStatus,omitempty"`
 	XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral struct{} `json:"-"`
 	XXX_unrecognized     []byte   `json:"-"`
 	XXX_sizecache        int32    `json:"-"`
@@ -848,6 +857,13 @@ func (m *PrintFunc) GetFormat() string {
 	return ""
 }
 
+func (m *PrintFunc) GetIgnoreStatus() bool {
+	if m != nil {
+		return m.IgnoreStatus
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 type InspectRequest struct {
 	Ref                  string   `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=Ref,proto3" json:"Ref,omitempty"`
 	XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral struct{} `json:"-"`
@@ -2078,128 +2094,130 @@ func init() {
 func init() { proto.RegisterFile("controller.proto", fileDescriptor_ed7f10298fa1d90f) }
 
 var fileDescriptor_ed7f10298fa1d90f = []byte{
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+	0xd3, 0x88, 0x79, 0x81, 0x30, 0x29, 0x9b, 0xe0, 0xc8, 0x83, 0x36, 0x87, 0x3d, 0xd3, 0x18, 0xe4,
+	0x52, 0x5e, 0xb3, 0x23, 0x26, 0x79, 0x55, 0x95, 0x06, 0x9a, 0x98, 0x95, 0xfd, 0xbc, 0x29, 0xfb,
+	0x32, 0x35, 0xde, 0x73, 0x1a, 0xaa, 0xc0, 0x55, 0x88, 0x5a, 0xcb, 0x4a, 0x7f, 0xc4, 0x14, 0x77,
+	0x45, 0x09, 0x1b, 0x4a, 0x59, 0xb9, 0xe8, 0xe1, 0xa2, 0x0e, 0x47, 0xf3, 0x22, 0xb2, 0x72, 0xd1,
+	0xc3, 0xa5, 0xd8, 0xca, 0x85, 0xb2, 0x72, 0x2a, 0xa6, 0xb8, 0xac, 0x13, 0xf0, 0x54, 0x4c, 0x65,
+	0x2b, 0x22, 0xcc, 0xf7, 0x3b, 0x6e, 0x77, 0x80, 0x2b, 0xba, 0x07, 0x46, 0xb4, 0x9c, 0x55, 0x65,
+	0xcc, 0x3d, 0xd7, 0x57, 0xaf, 0x9a, 0x32, 0x89, 0x48, 0x67, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x71, 0xaa, 0xc8, 0xee,
+	0xd6, 0xea, 0xa9, 0x4f, 0x51, 0x23, 0xb9, 0x56, 0x2f, 0xca, 0xf2, 0xdc, 0x7c, 0x96, 0xe7, 0x13,
+	0x59, 0xfe, 0x0a, 0x6a, 0xa9, 0xa4, 0x91, 0x20, 0xc2, 0x2e, 0xb8, 0x51, 0xa4, 0xd6, 0x92, 0xd7,
+	0x64, 0xbe, 0x7e, 0xb7, 0xd7, 0x88, 0x5a, 0x3b, 0x4f, 0xa1, 0x96, 0x4a, 0x97, 0x45, 0x75, 0xd9,
+	0x79, 0x02, 0x35, 0xdd, 0xe0, 0xb2, 0xcb, 0xce, 0x7f, 0x2c, 0x58, 0x8b, 0x30, 0xa6, 0xf2, 0xfc,
+	0x0a, 0xca, 0x13, 0x1a, 0x0a, 0x7a, 0x19, 0xf7, 0x22, 0x3c, 0x3f, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x08, 0x12,
+	0x23, 0xd1, 0x37, 0x50, 0xe6, 0x4a, 0x0f, 0x8d, 0x66, 0x9d, 0x47, 0x59, 0x52, 0xc6, 0x5e, 0x8c,
+	0x47, 0x5b, 0x50, 0xf0, 0x59, 0x9f, 0xab, 0xef, 0x5e, 0xdd, 0x7e, 0x90, 0x25, 0xf7, 0x96, 0xf5,
+	0x89, 0x02, 0xa2, 0x37, 0x50, 0xbe, 0x70, 0xc3, 0xc0, 0x0b, 0xfa, 0xd1, 0x7b, 0xff, 0x71, 0x96,
+	0xd0, 0x47, 0x8d, 0x23, 0xb1, 0x80, 0x53, 0x93, 0x97, 0xe8, 0x8c, 0x99, 0x98, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x95,
+	0xb9, 0x2c, 0x49, 0xe3, 0xfe, 0x21, 0xd4, 0xf4, 0x7d, 0xf8, 0x40, 0x43, 0x2e, 0x27, 0x47, 0x6b,
+	0xd9, 0x9d, 0xdd, 0x4d, 0x42, 0x49, 0x5a, 0xd2, 0xf9, 0xd1, 0xb4, 0xbb, 0x88, 0x21, 0x73, 0x69,
+	0xe4, 0x76, 0x07, 0x6e, 0x3f, 0xfa, 0x4e, 0x11, 0x29, 0x77, 0x26, 0xc6, 0x9e, 0xbe, 0xb6, 0x11,
+	0x29, 0x73, 0x33, 0xa4, 0x13, 0x8f, 0xcf, 0x86, 0xd8, 0x98, 0xde, 0xfe, 0x6b, 0x09, 0xa0, 0x19,
+	0x9f, 0x07, 0x9d, 0xc0, 0x8a, 0xb2, 0x87, 0x9c, 0xa5, 0xcd, 0x53, 0xf9, 0x6d, 0x3f, 0xbd, 0x41,
+	0x83, 0x45, 0x1f, 0x64, 0xf2, 0xab, 0xa1, 0x07, 0x3d, 0xcb, 0x2a, 0x13, 0xc9, 0xb9, 0xc9, 0x7e,
+	0x7e, 0x0d, 0xca, 0xe8, 0x7d, 0x0f, 0x45, 0x9d, 0x05, 0x28, 0xab, 0x16, 0x26, 0xf3, 0xd6, 0x7e,
+	0xb6, 0x1c, 0xa4, 0x95, 0x7e, 0x6e, 0x21, 0x62, 0x2a, 0x25, 0x72, 0x96, 0xb4, 0x42, 0x73, 0x63,
+	0xb2, 0x02, 0x90, 0xea, 0x3a, 0x75, 0x0b, 0x7d, 0x0f, 0x45, 0x5d, 0xeb, 0xd0, 0xa7, 0x8b, 0x05,
+	0x22, 0x7d, 0xcb, 0xb7, 0xeb, 0xd6, 0xe7, 0x16, 0x7a, 0x07, 0x05, 0xd9, 0xe4, 0x51, 0x46, 0xc7,
+	0x4a, 0x4c, 0x08, 0xb6, 0xb3, 0x0c, 0x62, 0xa2, 0xf8, 0x23, 0xc0, 0x6c, 0xd4, 0x40, 0x19, 0xff,
+	0xda, 0xcc, 0xcd, 0x2c, 0x76, 0xfd, 0x7a, 0xa0, 0x31, 0xf0, 0x4e, 0xf6, 0xd9, 0x33, 0x86, 0x32,
+	0x3b, 0x6c, 0x7c, 0x8d, 0x6c, 0x67, 0x19, 0xc4, 0xa8, 0x3b, 0x87, 0x5a, 0xea, 0x5f, 0x5d, 0xf4,
+	0x8b, 0x6c, 0x27, 0xaf, 0xfe, 0x49, 0x6c, 0xbf, 0xb8, 0x11, 0xd6, 0x58, 0x12, 0xc9, 0x59, 0xcd,
+	0x6c, 0xa3, 0xc6, 0x75, 0x7e, 0xa7, 0xff, 0xa1, 0xb5, 0xb7, 0x6e, 0x8c, 0xd7, 0x56, 0x77, 0x0b,
+	0xbf, 0xcb, 0x8d, 0x3a, 0x9d, 0xa2, 0xfa, 0xb3, 0xfb, 0xcb, 0xff, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff,
+	0xc1, 0x07, 0x8b, 0x2b, 0x8a, 0x17, 0x00, 0x00,
 }
 
 // Reference imports to suppress errors if they are not otherwise used.

controller/pb/controller.proto

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ message BuildOptions {
   string Ref = 29;
   string GroupRef = 30;
   repeated string Annotations = 31;
+  bool WithProvenanceResponse = 32;
 }
 
 message ExportEntry {
@@ -111,8 +112,9 @@ message Secret {
 }
 
 message PrintFunc {
-	string Name = 1;
-	string Format = 2;
+  string Name = 1;
+  string Format = 2;
+  bool IgnoreStatus = 3;
 }
 
 message InspectRequest {

docker-bake.hcl

@@ -180,6 +180,9 @@ variable "HTTPS_PROXY" {
 variable "NO_PROXY" {
   default = ""
 }
+variable "TEST_BUILDKIT_TAG" {
+  default = null
+}
 
 target "integration-test-base" {
   inherits = ["_common"]
@@ -187,6 +190,7 @@ target "integration-test-base" {
     HTTP_PROXY = HTTP_PROXY
     HTTPS_PROXY = HTTPS_PROXY
     NO_PROXY = NO_PROXY
+    BUILDKIT_VERSION = TEST_BUILDKIT_TAG
   }
   target = "integration-test-base"
   output = ["type=cacheonly"]

docs/reference/buildx_bake.md

@@ -13,20 +13,20 @@ Build from a file
 
 ### Options
 
-| Name                             | Type          | Default | Description                                                                              |
-|:---------------------------------|:--------------|:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| [`--builder`](#builder)          | `string`      |         | Override the configured builder instance                                                 |
-| [`-f`](#file), [`--file`](#file) | `stringArray` |         | Build definition file                                                                    |
-| `--load`                         |               |         | Shorthand for `--set=*.output=type=docker`                                               |
-| `--metadata-file`                | `string`      |         | Write build result metadata to the file                                                  |
-| [`--no-cache`](#no-cache)        |               |         | Do not use cache when building the image                                                 |
-| [`--print`](#print)              |               |         | Print the options without building                                                       |
-| [`--progress`](#progress)        | `string`      | `auto`  | Set type of progress output (`auto`, `plain`, `tty`). Use plain to show container output |
-| [`--provenance`](#provenance)    | `string`      |         | Shorthand for `--set=*.attest=type=provenance`                                           |
-| [`--pull`](#pull)                |               |         | Always attempt to pull all referenced images                                             |
-| `--push`                         |               |         | Shorthand for `--set=*.output=type=registry`                                             |
-| [`--sbom`](#sbom)                | `string`      |         | Shorthand for `--set=*.attest=type=sbom`                                                 |
-| [`--set`](#set)                  | `stringArray` |         | Override target value (e.g., `targetpattern.key=value`)                                  |
+| Name                                | Type          | Default | Description                                                                              |
+|:------------------------------------|:--------------|:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| [`--builder`](#builder)             | `string`      |         | Override the configured builder instance                                                 |
+| [`-f`](#file), [`--file`](#file)    | `stringArray` |         | Build definition file                                                                    |
+| `--load`                            |               |         | Shorthand for `--set=*.output=type=docker`                                               |
+| [`--metadata-file`](#metadata-file) | `string`      |         | Write build result metadata to a file                                                    |
+| [`--no-cache`](#no-cache)           |               |         | Do not use cache when building the image                                                 |
+| [`--print`](#print)                 |               |         | Print the options without building                                                       |
+| [`--progress`](#progress)           | `string`      | `auto`  | Set type of progress output (`auto`, `plain`, `tty`). Use plain to show container output |
+| [`--provenance`](#provenance)       | `string`      |         | Shorthand for `--set=*.attest=type=provenance`                                           |
+| [`--pull`](#pull)                   |               |         | Always attempt to pull all referenced images                                             |
+| `--push`                            |               |         | Shorthand for `--set=*.output=type=registry`                                             |
+| [`--sbom`](#sbom)                   | `string`      |         | Shorthand for `--set=*.attest=type=sbom`                                                 |
+| [`--set`](#set)                     | `stringArray` |         | Override target value (e.g., `targetpattern.key=value`)                                  |
 
 
 <!---MARKER_GEN_END-->
@@ -90,6 +90,77 @@ $ docker buildx bake -f docker-bake.dev.hcl db webapp-release
 See the [Bake file reference](https://docs.docker.com/build/bake/reference/)
 for more details.
 
+### <a name="metadata-file"></a> Write build results metadata to a file (--metadata-file)
+
+Similar to [`buildx build --metadata-file`](buildx_build.md#metadata-file) but
+writes a map of results for each target such as:
+
+```hcl
+# docker-bake.hcl
+group "default" {
+  targets = ["db", "webapp-dev"]
+}
+
+target "db" {
+  dockerfile = "Dockerfile.db"
+  tags = ["docker.io/username/db"]
+}
+
+target "webapp-dev" {
+  dockerfile = "Dockerfile.webapp"
+  tags = ["docker.io/username/webapp"]
+}
+```
+
+```console
+$ docker buildx bake --load --metadata-file metadata.json .
+$ cat metadata.json
+```
+
+```json
+{
+  "db": {
+    "buildx.build.provenance": {},
+    "buildx.build.ref": "mybuilder/mybuilder0/0fjb6ubs52xx3vygf6fgdl611",
+    "containerimage.config.digest": "sha256:2937f66a9722f7f4a2df583de2f8cb97fc9196059a410e7f00072fc918930e66",
+    "containerimage.descriptor": {
+      "annotations": {
+        "config.digest": "sha256:2937f66a9722f7f4a2df583de2f8cb97fc9196059a410e7f00072fc918930e66",
+        "org.opencontainers.image.created": "2022-02-08T21:28:03Z"
+      },
+      "digest": "sha256:19ffeab6f8bc9293ac2c3fdf94ebe28396254c993aea0b5a542cfb02e0883fa3",
+      "mediaType": "application/vnd.oci.image.manifest.v1+json",
+      "size": 506
+    },
+    "containerimage.digest": "sha256:19ffeab6f8bc9293ac2c3fdf94ebe28396254c993aea0b5a542cfb02e0883fa3"
+  },
+  "webapp-dev": {
+    "buildx.build.provenance": {},
+    "buildx.build.ref": "mybuilder/mybuilder0/kamngmcgyzebqxwu98b4lfv3n",
+    "containerimage.config.digest": "sha256:9651cc2b3c508f697c9c43b67b64c8359c2865c019e680aac1c11f4b875b67e0",
+    "containerimage.descriptor": {
+      "annotations": {
+        "config.digest": "sha256:9651cc2b3c508f697c9c43b67b64c8359c2865c019e680aac1c11f4b875b67e0",
+        "org.opencontainers.image.created": "2022-02-08T21:28:15Z"
+      },
+      "digest": "sha256:6d9ac9237a84afe1516540f40a0fafdc86859b2141954b4d643af7066d598b74",
+      "mediaType": "application/vnd.oci.image.manifest.v1+json",
+      "size": 506
+    },
+    "containerimage.digest": "sha256:6d9ac9237a84afe1516540f40a0fafdc86859b2141954b4d643af7066d598b74"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+> **Note**
+>
+> Build record [provenance](https://docs.docker.com/build/attestations/slsa-provenance/#provenance-attestation-example)
+> (`buildx.build.provenance`) includes minimal provenance by default. Set the
+> `BUILDX_METADATA_PROVENANCE` environment variable to customize this behavior:
+> * `min` sets minimal provenance (default).
+> * `max` sets full provenance.
+> * `disabled`, `false` or `0` does not set any provenance.
+
 ### <a name="no-cache"></a> Don't use cache when building the image (--no-cache)
 
 Same as `build --no-cache`. Don't use cache when building the image.
@@ -162,6 +233,7 @@ You can override the following fields:
 * `context`
 * `dockerfile`
 * `labels`
+* `load`
 * `no-cache`
 * `no-cache-filter`
 * `output`

docs/reference/buildx_build.md

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Start a build
 | [`--cgroup-parent`](https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/build/#cgroup-parent)                                                       | `string`      |           | Set the parent cgroup for the `RUN` instructions during build                                       |
 | `--detach`                                                                                                                                         |               |           | Detach buildx server (supported only on linux) (EXPERIMENTAL)                                       |
 | [`-f`](https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/build/#file), [`--file`](https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/build/#file) | `string`      |           | Name of the Dockerfile (default: `PATH/Dockerfile`)                                                 |
-| `--iidfile`                                                                                                                                        | `string`      |           | Write the image ID to the file                                                                      |
+| `--iidfile`                                                                                                                                        | `string`      |           | Write the image ID to a file                                                                        |
 | `--label`                                                                                                                                          | `stringArray` |           | Set metadata for an image                                                                           |
 | [`--load`](#load)                                                                                                                                  |               |           | Shorthand for `--output=type=docker`                                                                |
-| [`--metadata-file`](#metadata-file)                                                                                                                | `string`      |           | Write build result metadata to the file                                                             |
+| [`--metadata-file`](#metadata-file)                                                                                                                | `string`      |           | Write build result metadata to a file                                                               |
 | `--network`                                                                                                                                        | `string`      | `default` | Set the networking mode for the `RUN` instructions during build                                     |
 | `--no-cache`                                                                                                                                       |               |           | Do not use cache when building the image                                                            |
 | [`--no-cache-filter`](#no-cache-filter)                                                                                                            | `stringArray` |           | Do not cache specified stages                                                                       |
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ Allow extra privileged entitlement. List of entitlements:
 
 - `network.host` - Allows executions with host networking.
 - `security.insecure` - Allows executions without sandbox. See
-  [related Dockerfile extensions](https://docs.docker.com/reference/dockerfile/#run---securitysandbox).
+  [related Dockerfile extensions](https://docs.docker.com/reference/dockerfile/#run---security).
 
 For entitlements to be enabled, the BuildKit daemon also needs to allow them
 with `--allow-insecure-entitlement` (see [`create --buildkitd-flags`](buildx_create.md#buildkitd-flags)).
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ More info about cache exporters and available attributes: https://github.com/mob
 Shorthand for [`--output=type=docker`](#docker). Will automatically load the
 single-platform build result to `docker images`.
 
-### <a name="metadata-file"></a> Write build result metadata to the file (--metadata-file)
+### <a name="metadata-file"></a> Write build result metadata to a file (--metadata-file)
 
 To output build metadata such as the image digest, pass the `--metadata-file` flag.
 The metadata will be written as a JSON object to the specified file. The
@@ -327,6 +327,7 @@ $ cat metadata.json
 
 ```json
 {
+  "buildx.build.provenance": {},
   "buildx.build.ref": "mybuilder/mybuilder0/0fjb6ubs52xx3vygf6fgdl611",
   "containerimage.config.digest": "sha256:2937f66a9722f7f4a2df583de2f8cb97fc9196059a410e7f00072fc918930e66",
   "containerimage.descriptor": {
@@ -342,6 +343,15 @@ $ cat metadata.json
 }
 ```
 
+> **Note**
+>
+> Build record [provenance](https://docs.docker.com/build/attestations/slsa-provenance/#provenance-attestation-example)
+> (`buildx.build.provenance`) includes minimal provenance by default. Set the
+> `BUILDX_METADATA_PROVENANCE` environment variable to customize this behavior:
+> * `min` sets minimal provenance (default).
+> * `max` sets full provenance.
+> * `disabled`, `false` or `0` does not set any provenance.
+
 ### <a name="no-cache-filter"></a> Ignore build cache for specific stages (--no-cache-filter)
 
 The `--no-cache-filter` lets you specify one or more stages of a multi-stage
@@ -418,7 +428,7 @@ exporter and write to `stdout`.
 ```console
 $ docker buildx build -o . .
 $ docker buildx build -o outdir .
-$ docker buildx build -o - - > out.tar
+$ docker buildx build -o - . > out.tar
 $ docker buildx build -o type=docker .
 $ docker buildx build -o type=docker,dest=- . > myimage.tar
 $ docker buildx build -t tonistiigi/foo -o type=registry
@@ -615,10 +625,18 @@ For more information, see [here](https://docs.docker.com/build/attestations/sbom
 --secret=[type=TYPE[,KEY=VALUE]
 ```
 
-Exposes secret to the build. The secret can be used by the build using
-[`RUN --mount=type=secret` mount](https://docs.docker.com/reference/dockerfile/#run---mounttypesecret).
+Exposes secrets (authentication credentials, tokens) to the build.
+A secret can be mounted into the build using a `RUN --mount=type=secret` mount in the
+[Dockerfile](https://docs.docker.com/reference/dockerfile/#run---mounttypesecret).
+For more information about how to use build secrets, see
+[Build secrets](https://docs.docker.com/build/building/secrets/).
 
-If `type` is unset it will be detected. Supported types are:
+Supported types are:
+
+- [`file`](#file)
+- [`env`](#env)
+
+Buildx attempts to detect the `type` automatically if unset.
 
 #### `file`
 

docs/reference/buildx_debug_build.md

@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ Start a build
 | [`--cgroup-parent`](https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/build/#cgroup-parent)                                                       | `string`      |           | Set the parent cgroup for the `RUN` instructions during build                                       |
 | `--detach`                                                                                                                                         |               |           | Detach buildx server (supported only on linux) (EXPERIMENTAL)                                       |
 | [`-f`](https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/build/#file), [`--file`](https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/build/#file) | `string`      |           | Name of the Dockerfile (default: `PATH/Dockerfile`)                                                 |
-| `--iidfile`                                                                                                                                        | `string`      |           | Write the image ID to the file                                                                      |
+| `--iidfile`                                                                                                                                        | `string`      |           | Write the image ID to a file                                                                        |
 | `--label`                                                                                                                                          | `stringArray` |           | Set metadata for an image                                                                           |
 | `--load`                                                                                                                                           |               |           | Shorthand for `--output=type=docker`                                                                |
-| `--metadata-file`                                                                                                                                  | `string`      |           | Write build result metadata to the file                                                             |
+| `--metadata-file`                                                                                                                                  | `string`      |           | Write build result metadata to a file                                                               |
 | `--network`                                                                                                                                        | `string`      | `default` | Set the networking mode for the `RUN` instructions during build                                     |
 | `--no-cache`                                                                                                                                       |               |           | Do not use cache when building the image                                                            |
 | `--no-cache-filter`                                                                                                                                | `stringArray` |           | Do not cache specified stages                                                                       |

driver/docker-container/driver.go

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/idtools"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stdcopy"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
-	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/tracing/detect"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 )
 
@@ -57,6 +56,7 @@ type Driver struct {
 	cgroupParent  string
 	restartPolicy container.RestartPolicy
 	env           []string
+	defaultLoad   bool
 }
 
 func (d *Driver) IsMobyDriver() bool {
@@ -396,28 +396,21 @@ func (d *Driver) Dial(ctx context.Context) (net.Conn, error) {
 	return conn, nil
 }
 
-func (d *Driver) Client(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error) {
+func (d *Driver) Client(ctx context.Context, opts ...client.ClientOpt) (*client.Client, error) {
 	conn, err := d.Dial(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	exp, _, err := detect.Exporter()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var opts []client.ClientOpt
 	var counter int64
-	opts = append(opts, client.WithContextDialer(func(context.Context, string) (net.Conn, error) {
-		if atomic.AddInt64(&counter, 1) > 1 {
-			return nil, net.ErrClosed
-		}
-		return conn, nil
-	}))
-	if td, ok := exp.(client.TracerDelegate); ok {
-		opts = append(opts, client.WithTracerDelegate(td))
-	}
+	opts = append([]client.ClientOpt{
+		client.WithContextDialer(func(context.Context, string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			if atomic.AddInt64(&counter, 1) > 1 {
+				return nil, net.ErrClosed
+			}
+			return conn, nil
+		}),
+	}, opts...)
 	return client.New(ctx, "", opts...)
 }
 
@@ -431,6 +424,7 @@ func (d *Driver) Features(ctx context.Context) map[driver.Feature]bool {
 		driver.DockerExporter: true,
 		driver.CacheExport:    true,
 		driver.MultiPlatform:  true,
+		driver.DefaultLoad:    d.defaultLoad,
 	}
 }
 

driver/docker-container/factory.go

@@ -94,6 +94,11 @@ func (f *factory) New(ctx context.Context, cfg driver.InitConfig) (driver.Driver
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
+		case k == "default-load":
+			d.defaultLoad, err = strconv.ParseBool(v)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
 		case strings.HasPrefix(k, "env."):
 			envName := strings.TrimPrefix(k, "env.")
 			if envName == "" {

driver/docker/driver.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/driver"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/progress"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
-	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/tracing/detect"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 )
 
@@ -61,22 +60,14 @@ func (d *Driver) Dial(ctx context.Context) (net.Conn, error) {
 	return d.DockerAPI.DialHijack(ctx, "/grpc", "h2c", d.DialMeta)
 }
 
-func (d *Driver) Client(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error) {
-	opts := []client.ClientOpt{
+func (d *Driver) Client(ctx context.Context, opts ...client.ClientOpt) (*client.Client, error) {
+	opts = append([]client.ClientOpt{
 		client.WithContextDialer(func(context.Context, string) (net.Conn, error) {
 			return d.Dial(ctx)
 		}), client.WithSessionDialer(func(ctx context.Context, proto string, meta map[string][]string) (net.Conn, error) {
 			return d.DockerAPI.DialHijack(ctx, "/session", proto, meta)
 		}),
-	}
-
-	exp, _, err := detect.Exporter()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if td, ok := exp.(client.TracerDelegate); ok {
-		opts = append(opts, client.WithTracerDelegate(td))
-	}
+	}, opts...)
 	return client.New(ctx, "", opts...)
 }
 
@@ -102,6 +93,7 @@ func (d *Driver) Features(ctx context.Context) map[driver.Feature]bool {
 			driver.DockerExporter: useContainerdSnapshotter,
 			driver.CacheExport:    useContainerdSnapshotter,
 			driver.MultiPlatform:  useContainerdSnapshotter,
+			driver.DefaultLoad:    true,
 		}
 	})
 	return d.features.list

driver/driver.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"io"
 	"net"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/store"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/progress"
@@ -60,15 +61,33 @@ type Driver interface {
 	Stop(ctx context.Context, force bool) error
 	Rm(ctx context.Context, force, rmVolume, rmDaemon bool) error
 	Dial(ctx context.Context) (net.Conn, error)
-	Client(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error)
+	Client(ctx context.Context, opts ...client.ClientOpt) (*client.Client, error)
 	Features(ctx context.Context) map[Feature]bool
 	HostGatewayIP(ctx context.Context) (net.IP, error)
 	IsMobyDriver() bool
 	Config() InitConfig
 }
 
+const builderNamePrefix = "buildx_buildkit_"
+
+func BuilderName(name string) string {
+	return builderNamePrefix + name
+}
+
+func ParseBuilderName(name string) (string, error) {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(name, builderNamePrefix) {
+		return "", errors.Errorf("invalid builder name %q, must have %q prefix", name, builderNamePrefix)
+	}
+	return strings.TrimPrefix(name, builderNamePrefix), nil
+}
+
 func Boot(ctx, clientContext context.Context, d *DriverHandle, pw progress.Writer) (*client.Client, error) {
 	try := 0
+	logger := discardLogger
+	if pw != nil {
+		logger = pw.Write
+	}
+
 	for {
 		info, err := d.Info(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -79,7 +98,7 @@ func Boot(ctx, clientContext context.Context, d *DriverHandle, pw progress.Write
 			if try > 2 {
 				return nil, errors.Errorf("failed to bootstrap %T driver in attempts", d)
 			}
-			if err := d.Bootstrap(ctx, pw.Write); err != nil {
+			if err := d.Bootstrap(ctx, logger); err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
 		}
@@ -95,6 +114,8 @@ func Boot(ctx, clientContext context.Context, d *DriverHandle, pw progress.Write
 	}
 }
 
+func discardLogger(*client.SolveStatus) {}
+
 func historyAPISupported(ctx context.Context, c *client.Client) bool {
 	cl, err := c.ControlClient().ListenBuildHistory(ctx, &controlapi.BuildHistoryRequest{
 		ActiveOnly: true,

driver/features.go

@@ -7,3 +7,5 @@ const DockerExporter Feature = "Docker exporter"
 
 const CacheExport Feature = "Cache export"
 const MultiPlatform Feature = "Multi-platform build"
+
+const DefaultLoad Feature = "Automatically load images to the Docker Engine image store"

driver/kubernetes/driver.go

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/platformutil"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/progress"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
-	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/tracing/detect"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	appsv1 "k8s.io/api/apps/v1"
 	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
@@ -50,6 +49,7 @@ type Driver struct {
 	podClient        clientcorev1.PodInterface
 	configMapClient  clientcorev1.ConfigMapInterface
 	podChooser       podchooser.PodChooser
+	defaultLoad      bool
 }
 
 func (d *Driver) IsMobyDriver() bool {
@@ -211,19 +211,12 @@ func (d *Driver) Dial(ctx context.Context) (net.Conn, error) {
 	return conn, nil
 }
 
-func (d *Driver) Client(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error) {
-	exp, _, err := detect.Exporter()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var opts []client.ClientOpt
-	opts = append(opts, client.WithContextDialer(func(context.Context, string) (net.Conn, error) {
-		return d.Dial(ctx)
-	}))
-	if td, ok := exp.(client.TracerDelegate); ok {
-		opts = append(opts, client.WithTracerDelegate(td))
-	}
+func (d *Driver) Client(ctx context.Context, opts ...client.ClientOpt) (*client.Client, error) {
+	opts = append([]client.ClientOpt{
+		client.WithContextDialer(func(context.Context, string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			return d.Dial(ctx)
+		}),
+	}, opts...)
 	return client.New(ctx, "", opts...)
 }
 
@@ -237,6 +230,7 @@ func (d *Driver) Features(_ context.Context) map[driver.Feature]bool {
 		driver.DockerExporter: d.DockerAPI != nil,
 		driver.CacheExport:    true,
 		driver.MultiPlatform:  true, // Untested (needs multiple Driver instances)
+		driver.DefaultLoad:    d.defaultLoad,
 	}
 }
 

driver/kubernetes/factory.go

@@ -68,11 +68,13 @@ func (f *factory) New(ctx context.Context, cfg driver.InitConfig) (driver.Driver
 		clientset:  clientset,
 	}
 
-	deploymentOpt, loadbalance, namespace, err := f.processDriverOpts(deploymentName, namespace, cfg)
+	deploymentOpt, loadbalance, namespace, defaultLoad, err := f.processDriverOpts(deploymentName, namespace, cfg)
 	if nil != err {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	d.defaultLoad = defaultLoad
+
 	d.deployment, d.configMaps, err = manifest.NewDeployment(deploymentOpt)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ func (f *factory) New(ctx context.Context, cfg driver.InitConfig) (driver.Driver
 	return d, nil
 }
 
-func (f *factory) processDriverOpts(deploymentName string, namespace string, cfg driver.InitConfig) (*manifest.DeploymentOpt, string, string, error) {
+func (f *factory) processDriverOpts(deploymentName string, namespace string, cfg driver.InitConfig) (*manifest.DeploymentOpt, string, string, bool, error) {
 	deploymentOpt := &manifest.DeploymentOpt{
 		Name:          deploymentName,
 		Image:         bkimage.DefaultImage,
@@ -111,6 +113,8 @@ func (f *factory) processDriverOpts(deploymentName string, namespace string, cfg
 		ConfigFiles:   cfg.Files,
 	}
 
+	defaultLoad := false
+
 	deploymentOpt.Qemu.Image = bkimage.QemuImage
 
 	loadbalance := LoadbalanceSticky
@@ -127,40 +131,46 @@ func (f *factory) processDriverOpts(deploymentName string, namespace string, cfg
 		case "replicas":
 			deploymentOpt.Replicas, err = strconv.Atoi(v)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, "", "", err
+				return nil, "", "", false, err
 			}
 		case "requests.cpu":
 			deploymentOpt.RequestsCPU = v
 		case "requests.memory":
 			deploymentOpt.RequestsMemory = v
+		case "requests.ephemeral-storage":
+			deploymentOpt.RequestsEphemeralStorage = v
 		case "limits.cpu":
 			deploymentOpt.LimitsCPU = v
 		case "limits.memory":
 			deploymentOpt.LimitsMemory = v
+		case "limits.ephemeral-storage":
+			deploymentOpt.LimitsEphemeralStorage = v
 		case "rootless":
 			deploymentOpt.Rootless, err = strconv.ParseBool(v)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, "", "", err
+				return nil, "", "", false, err
 			}
 			if _, isImage := cfg.DriverOpts["image"]; !isImage {
 				deploymentOpt.Image = bkimage.DefaultRootlessImage
 			}
+		case "schedulername":
+			deploymentOpt.SchedulerName = v
 		case "serviceaccount":
 			deploymentOpt.ServiceAccountName = v
 		case "nodeselector":
 			deploymentOpt.NodeSelector, err = splitMultiValues(v, ",", "=")
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, "", "", errors.Wrap(err, "cannot parse node selector")
+				return nil, "", "", false, errors.Wrap(err, "cannot parse node selector")
 			}
 		case "annotations":
 			deploymentOpt.CustomAnnotations, err = splitMultiValues(v, ",", "=")
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, "", "", errors.Wrap(err, "cannot parse annotations")
+				return nil, "", "", false, errors.Wrap(err, "cannot parse annotations")
 			}
 		case "labels":
 			deploymentOpt.CustomLabels, err = splitMultiValues(v, ",", "=")
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, "", "", errors.Wrap(err, "cannot parse labels")
+				return nil, "", "", false, errors.Wrap(err, "cannot parse labels")
 			}
 		case "tolerations":
 			ts := strings.Split(v, ";")
@@ -185,12 +195,12 @@ func (f *factory) processDriverOpts(deploymentName string, namespace string, cfg
 						case "tolerationSeconds":
 							c, err := strconv.Atoi(kv[1])
 							if nil != err {
-								return nil, "", "", err
+								return nil, "", "", false, err
 							}
 							c64 := int64(c)
 							t.TolerationSeconds = &c64
 						default:
-							return nil, "", "", errors.Errorf("invalid tolaration %q", v)
+							return nil, "", "", false, errors.Errorf("invalid tolaration %q", v)
 						}
 					}
 				}
@@ -202,24 +212,29 @@ func (f *factory) processDriverOpts(deploymentName string, namespace string, cfg
 			case LoadbalanceSticky:
 			case LoadbalanceRandom:
 			default:
-				return nil, "", "", errors.Errorf("invalid loadbalance %q", v)
+				return nil, "", "", false, errors.Errorf("invalid loadbalance %q", v)
 			}
 			loadbalance = v
 		case "qemu.install":
 			deploymentOpt.Qemu.Install, err = strconv.ParseBool(v)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, "", "", err
+				return nil, "", "", false, err
 			}
 		case "qemu.image":
 			if v != "" {
 				deploymentOpt.Qemu.Image = v
 			}
+		case "default-load":
+			defaultLoad, err = strconv.ParseBool(v)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, "", "", false, err
+			}
 		default:
-			return nil, "", "", errors.Errorf("invalid driver option %s for driver %s", k, DriverName)
+			return nil, "", "", false, errors.Errorf("invalid driver option %s for driver %s", k, DriverName)
 		}
 	}
 
-	return deploymentOpt, loadbalance, namespace, nil
+	return deploymentOpt, loadbalance, namespace, defaultLoad, nil
 }
 
 func splitMultiValues(in string, itemsep string, kvsep string) (map[string]string, error) {
@@ -244,10 +259,10 @@ func (f *factory) AllowsInstances() bool {
 // eg. "buildx_buildkit_loving_mendeleev0" -> "loving-mendeleev0"
 func buildxNameToDeploymentName(bx string) (string, error) {
 	// TODO: commands.util.go should not pass "buildx_buildkit_" prefix to drivers
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(bx, "buildx_buildkit_") {
-		return "", errors.Errorf("expected a string with \"buildx_buildkit_\", got %q", bx)
+	s, err := driver.ParseBuilderName(bx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
 	}
-	s := strings.TrimPrefix(bx, "buildx_buildkit_")
 	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "_", "-")
 	return s, nil
 }

driver/kubernetes/factory_test.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	cfg := driver.InitConfig{
-		Name:             "buildx_buildkit_test",
+		Name:             driver.BuilderName("test"),
 		KubeClientConfig: &kcc,
 	}
 	f := factory{}
@@ -52,8 +52,9 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 				"loadbalance":     "random",
 				"qemu.install":    "true",
 				"qemu.image":      "qemu:latest",
+				"default-load":    "true",
 			}
-			r, loadbalance, ns, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			r, loadbalance, ns, defaultLoad, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 
 			nodeSelectors := map[string]string{
 				"selector1": "value1",
@@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			require.Equal(t, LoadbalanceRandom, loadbalance)
 			require.True(t, r.Qemu.Install)
 			require.Equal(t, "qemu:latest", r.Qemu.Image)
+			require.True(t, defaultLoad)
 		},
 	)
 
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 		"NoOptions", func(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{}
 
-			r, loadbalance, ns, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			r, loadbalance, ns, defaultLoad, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
@@ -128,6 +130,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			require.Equal(t, LoadbalanceSticky, loadbalance)
 			require.False(t, r.Qemu.Install)
 			require.Equal(t, bkimage.QemuImage, r.Qemu.Image)
+			require.False(t, defaultLoad)
 		},
 	)
 
@@ -138,7 +141,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 				"loadbalance": "sticky",
 			}
 
-			r, loadbalance, ns, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			r, loadbalance, ns, defaultLoad, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
@@ -157,6 +160,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			require.Equal(t, LoadbalanceSticky, loadbalance)
 			require.False(t, r.Qemu.Install)
 			require.Equal(t, bkimage.QemuImage, r.Qemu.Image)
+			require.False(t, defaultLoad)
 		},
 	)
 
@@ -165,7 +169,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"replicas": "invalid",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)
@@ -175,7 +179,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"rootless": "invalid",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)
@@ -185,7 +189,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"tolerations": "key=foo,value=bar,invalid=foo2",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)
@@ -195,7 +199,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"tolerations": "key=foo,value=bar,tolerationSeconds=invalid",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)
@@ -205,7 +209,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"annotations": "key,value",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)
@@ -215,7 +219,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"labels": "key=value=foo",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)
@@ -225,7 +229,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"loadbalance": "invalid",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)
@@ -235,7 +239,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"qemu.install": "invalid",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)
@@ -245,7 +249,7 @@ func TestFactory_processDriverOpts(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg.DriverOpts = map[string]string{
 				"invalid": "foo",
 			}
-			_, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
+			_, _, _, _, err := f.processDriverOpts(cfg.Name, "test", cfg)
 			require.Error(t, err)
 		},
 	)

driver/kubernetes/manifest/manifest.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ type DeploymentOpt struct {
 	Image              string
 	Replicas           int
 	ServiceAccountName string
+	SchedulerName      string
 
 	// Qemu
 	Qemu struct {
@@ -32,16 +33,18 @@ type DeploymentOpt struct {
 	// files mounted at /etc/buildkitd
 	ConfigFiles map[string][]byte
 
-	Rootless          bool
-	NodeSelector      map[string]string
-	CustomAnnotations map[string]string
-	CustomLabels      map[string]string
-	Tolerations       []corev1.Toleration
-	RequestsCPU       string
-	RequestsMemory    string
-	LimitsCPU         string
-	LimitsMemory      string
-	Platforms         []v1.Platform
+	Rootless                 bool
+	NodeSelector             map[string]string
+	CustomAnnotations        map[string]string
+	CustomLabels             map[string]string
+	Tolerations              []corev1.Toleration
+	RequestsCPU              string
+	RequestsMemory           string
+	RequestsEphemeralStorage string
+	LimitsCPU                string
+	LimitsMemory             string
+	LimitsEphemeralStorage   string
+	Platforms                []v1.Platform
 }
 
 const (
@@ -105,6 +108,7 @@ func NewDeployment(opt *DeploymentOpt) (d *appsv1.Deployment, c []*corev1.Config
 				},
 				Spec: corev1.PodSpec{
 					ServiceAccountName: opt.ServiceAccountName,
+					SchedulerName:      opt.SchedulerName,
 					Containers: []corev1.Container{
 						{
 							Name:  containerName,
@@ -205,6 +209,14 @@ func NewDeployment(opt *DeploymentOpt) (d *appsv1.Deployment, c []*corev1.Config
 		d.Spec.Template.Spec.Containers[0].Resources.Requests[corev1.ResourceMemory] = reqMemory
 	}
 
+	if opt.RequestsEphemeralStorage != "" {
+		reqEphemeralStorage, err := resource.ParseQuantity(opt.RequestsEphemeralStorage)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		d.Spec.Template.Spec.Containers[0].Resources.Requests[corev1.ResourceEphemeralStorage] = reqEphemeralStorage
+	}
+
 	if opt.LimitsCPU != "" {
 		limCPU, err := resource.ParseQuantity(opt.LimitsCPU)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -221,6 +233,14 @@ func NewDeployment(opt *DeploymentOpt) (d *appsv1.Deployment, c []*corev1.Config
 		d.Spec.Template.Spec.Containers[0].Resources.Limits[corev1.ResourceMemory] = limMemory
 	}
 
+	if opt.LimitsEphemeralStorage != "" {
+		limEphemeralStorage, err := resource.ParseQuantity(opt.LimitsEphemeralStorage)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		d.Spec.Template.Spec.Containers[0].Resources.Limits[corev1.ResourceEphemeralStorage] = limEphemeralStorage
+	}
+
 	return
 }
 

driver/manager.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	dockerclient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/tracing/detect"
 	specs "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/rest"
@@ -156,11 +157,28 @@ type DriverHandle struct {
 
 func (d *DriverHandle) Client(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error) {
 	d.once.Do(func() {
-		d.client, d.err = d.Driver.Client(ctx)
+		opts, err := d.getClientOptions()
+		if err != nil {
+			d.err = err
+			return
+		}
+		d.client, d.err = d.Driver.Client(ctx, opts...)
 	})
 	return d.client, d.err
 }
 
+func (d *DriverHandle) getClientOptions() ([]client.ClientOpt, error) {
+	exp, _, err := detect.Exporter()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	} else if td, ok := exp.(client.TracerDelegate); ok {
+		return []client.ClientOpt{
+			client.WithTracerDelegate(td),
+		}, nil
+	}
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
 func (d *DriverHandle) HistoryAPISupported(ctx context.Context) bool {
 	d.historyAPISupportedOnce.Do(func() {
 		if c, err := d.Client(ctx); err == nil {

driver/remote/driver.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 	util "github.com/docker/buildx/driver/remote/util"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/progress"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
-	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/tracing/detect"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client/connhelper"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 )
 
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ type Driver struct {
 	// if you add fields, remember to update docs:
 	// https://github.com/docker/docs/blob/main/content/build/drivers/remote.md
 	*tlsOpts
+	defaultLoad bool
 }
 
 type tlsOpts struct {
@@ -76,26 +77,26 @@ func (d *Driver) Rm(ctx context.Context, force, rmVolume, rmDaemon bool) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (d *Driver) Client(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error) {
-	opts := []client.ClientOpt{}
-
-	exp, _, err := detect.Exporter()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if td, ok := exp.(client.TracerDelegate); ok {
-		opts = append(opts, client.WithTracerDelegate(td))
-	}
-
-	opts = append(opts, client.WithContextDialer(func(ctx context.Context, _ string) (net.Conn, error) {
-		return d.Dial(ctx)
-	}))
-
+func (d *Driver) Client(ctx context.Context, opts ...client.ClientOpt) (*client.Client, error) {
+	opts = append([]client.ClientOpt{
+		client.WithContextDialer(func(ctx context.Context, _ string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			return d.Dial(ctx)
+		}),
+	}, opts...)
 	return client.New(ctx, "", opts...)
 }
 
 func (d *Driver) Dial(ctx context.Context) (net.Conn, error) {
-	network, addr, ok := strings.Cut(d.InitConfig.EndpointAddr, "://")
+	addr := d.InitConfig.EndpointAddr
+	ch, err := connhelper.GetConnectionHelper(addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if ch != nil {
+		return ch.ContextDialer(ctx, addr)
+	}
+
+	network, addr, ok := strings.Cut(addr, "://")
 	if !ok {
 		return nil, errors.Errorf("invalid endpoint address: %s", d.InitConfig.EndpointAddr)
 	}
@@ -149,6 +150,7 @@ func (d *Driver) Features(ctx context.Context) map[driver.Feature]bool {
 		driver.DockerExporter: true,
 		driver.CacheExport:    true,
 		driver.MultiPlatform:  true,
+		driver.DefaultLoad:    d.defaultLoad,
 	}
 }
 

driver/remote/factory.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"net/url"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	// import connhelpers for special url schemes
@@ -80,6 +81,12 @@ func (f *factory) New(ctx context.Context, cfg driver.InitConfig) (driver.Driver
 			}
 			tls.key = v
 			tlsEnabled = true
+		case "default-load":
+			parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(v)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			d.defaultLoad = parsed
 		default:
 			return nil, errors.Errorf("invalid driver option %s for remote driver", k)
 		}

go.mod

@@ -6,26 +6,27 @@ require (
 	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.1
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.1
 	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config v1.26.6
-	github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.0.0-rc.8
+	github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.0.2
 	github.com/containerd/console v1.0.4
-	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.13
+	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.15
 	github.com/containerd/continuity v0.4.3
 	github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0
 	github.com/containerd/typeurl/v2 v2.1.1
 	github.com/creack/pty v1.1.18
 	github.com/distribution/reference v0.5.0
-	github.com/docker/cli v26.0.0-rc1+incompatible
+	github.com/docker/cli v26.1.3+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/cli-docs-tool v0.7.0
-	github.com/docker/docker v26.0.0-rc1+incompatible
+	github.com/docker/docker v26.0.0+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0
 	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.8.1
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.3
+	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4
 	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20191202100458-e7afc7fbc510
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cty-funcs v0.0.0-20230405223818-a090f58aa992
-	github.com/hashicorp/hcl/v2 v2.19.1
-	github.com/moby/buildkit v0.13.0-rc3
+	github.com/hashicorp/hcl/v2 v2.20.1
+	github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang v0.5.0
+	github.com/moby/buildkit v0.13.0-rc3.0.20240417151852-71f99c52a669 // v0.14.0-dev
 	github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.7.1
 	github.com/moby/sys/signal v0.7.0
 	github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0
@@ -38,18 +39,15 @@ require (
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.8.0
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4
-	github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.14.1
+	github.com/tonistiigi/fsutil v0.0.0-20240301111122-7525a1af2bb5
+	github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.14.4
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.21.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc v0.42.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetrichttp v0.42.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.21.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.21.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.21.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.21.0
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.14.0
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.6.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.16.0
-	golang.org/x/term v0.16.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0
+	golang.org/x/term v0.18.0
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.59.0
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
 	k8s.io/api v0.29.2
@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.2+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.0 // indirect
@@ -102,11 +100,9 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.5.0 // indirect
-	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.16.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.16 // indirect
-	github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
@@ -140,7 +136,6 @@ require (
 	github.com/secure-systems-lab/go-securesystemslib v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/shibumi/go-pathspec v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/theupdateframework/notary v0.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/tonistiigi/fsutil v0.0.0-20240223190444-7a889f53dbf6 // indirect
 	github.com/tonistiigi/units v0.0.0-20180711220420-6950e57a87ea // indirect
 	github.com/tonistiigi/vt100 v0.0.0-20230623042737-f9a4f7ef6531 // indirect
 	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190905194746-02993c407bfb // indirect
@@ -150,14 +145,18 @@ require (
 	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/httptrace/otelhttptrace v0.46.1 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.46.1 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric v0.42.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc v0.42.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetrichttp v0.42.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.21.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.21.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.21.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/prometheus v0.42.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.21.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.21.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.0.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.18.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.21.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240112132812-db7319d0e0e3 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.20.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.23.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.11.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 // indirect
@@ -166,7 +165,7 @@ require (
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.110.1 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-cloud.google.com/go v0.26.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.110.8 h1:tyNdfIxjzaWctIiLYOTalaLKZ17SI44SKFW26QbOhME=
 cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.23.1 h1:V97tBoDaZHb6leicZ1G6DLK2BAaZLJ/7+9BB/En3hR0=
 cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.23.1/go.mod h1:CqB3xpmPKKt3OJpW2ndFIXnA9A4xAy/F3Xp1ixncW78=
@@ -77,25 +76,22 @@ github.com/bugsnag/panicwrap v0.0.0-20151223152923-e2c28503fcd0 h1:nvj0OLI3YqYXe
 github.com/bugsnag/panicwrap v0.0.0-20151223152923-e2c28503fcd0/go.mod h1:D/8v3kj0zr8ZAKg1AQ6crr+5VwKN5eIywRkfhyM/+dE=
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.1 h1:y4OZtCnogmCPw98Zjyt5a6+QwPLGkiQsYW5oUqylYbM=
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.1/go.mod h1:Y3VNntkOUPxTVeUxJ/G5vcM//AlwfmyYozVcomhLiZE=
-github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.2.1/go.mod h1:f6KPmirojxKA12rnyqOA5BBL4O983OfeGPqjHWSTneU=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0 h1:DC2CZ1Ep5Y4k3ZQ899DldepgrayRUGE6BBZ/cd9Cj44=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
-github.com/client9/misspell v0.3.4/go.mod h1:qj6jICC3Q7zFZvVWo7KLAzC3yx5G7kyvSDkc90ppPyw=
 github.com/cloudflare/cfssl v0.0.0-20180223231731-4e2dcbde5004 h1:lkAMpLVBDaj17e85keuznYcH5rqI438v41pKcBl4ZxQ=
 github.com/cloudflare/cfssl v0.0.0-20180223231731-4e2dcbde5004/go.mod h1:yMWuSON2oQp+43nFtAV/uvKQIFpSPerB57DCt9t8sSA=
-github.com/cncf/udpa/go v0.0.0-20191209042840-269d4d468f6f/go.mod h1:M8M6+tZqaGXZJjfX53e64911xZQV5JYwmTeXPW+k8Sc=
 github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20230607035331-e9ce68804cb4 h1:/inchEIKaYC1Akx+H+gqO04wryn5h75LSazbRlnya1k=
 github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20230607035331-e9ce68804cb4/go.mod h1:eXthEFrGJvWHgFFCl3hGmgk+/aYT6PnTQLykKQRLhEs=
 github.com/codahale/rfc6979 v0.0.0-20141003034818-6a90f24967eb h1:EDmT6Q9Zs+SbUoc7Ik9EfrFqcylYqgPZ9ANSbTAntnE=
 github.com/codahale/rfc6979 v0.0.0-20141003034818-6a90f24967eb/go.mod h1:ZjrT6AXHbDs86ZSdt/osfBi5qfexBrKUdONk989Wnk4=
-github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.0.0-rc.8 h1:b7l+GqFF+2W4M4kLQUDRTGhqmTiRwT3bYd9X7xrxp5Q=
-github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.0.0-rc.8/go.mod h1:bEPizBkIojlQ20pi2vNluBa58tevvj0Y18oUSHPyfdc=
+github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.0.2 h1:zhXMV7VWI00Su0LdKt8/sxeXxcjLWhmGmpEyw+ZYznI=
+github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.0.2/go.mod h1:bEPizBkIojlQ20pi2vNluBa58tevvj0Y18oUSHPyfdc=
 github.com/containerd/cgroups v1.1.0 h1:v8rEWFl6EoqHB+swVNjVoCJE8o3jX7e8nqBGPLaDFBM=
 github.com/containerd/cgroups v1.1.0/go.mod h1:6ppBcbh/NOOUU+dMKrykgaBnK9lCIBxHqJDGwsa1mIw=
 github.com/containerd/console v1.0.4 h1:F2g4+oChYvBTsASRTz8NP6iIAi97J3TtSAsLbIFn4ro=
 github.com/containerd/console v1.0.4/go.mod h1:YynlIjWYF8myEu6sdkwKIvGQq+cOckRm6So2avqoYAk=
-github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.13 h1:wPYKIeGMN8vaggSKuV1X0wZulpMz4CrgEsZdaCyB6Is=
-github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.13/go.mod h1:zT3up6yTRfEUa6+GsITYIJNgSVL9NQ4x4h1RPzk0Wu4=
+github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.15 h1:afEHXdil9iAm03BmhjzKyXnnEBtjaLJefdU7DV0IFes=
+github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.15/go.mod h1:ISzRRTMF8EXNpJlTzyr2XMhN+j9K302C21/+cr3kUnY=
 github.com/containerd/continuity v0.4.3 h1:6HVkalIp+2u1ZLH1J/pYX2oBVXlJZvh1X1A7bEZ9Su8=
 github.com/containerd/continuity v0.4.3/go.mod h1:F6PTNCKepoxEaXLQp3wDAjygEnImnZ/7o4JzpodfroQ=
 github.com/containerd/fifo v1.1.0 h1:4I2mbh5stb1u6ycIABlBw9zgtlK8viPI9QkQNRQEEmY=
@@ -107,8 +103,8 @@ github.com/containerd/nydus-snapshotter v0.13.7/go.mod h1:VPVKQ3jmHFIcUIV2yiQ1kI
 github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter v0.15.1 h1:fpsP4kf/Z4n2EYnU0WT8ZCE3eiKDwikDhL6VwxIlgeA=
 github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.15.1 h1:eXJjw9RbkLFgioVaTG+G/ZW/0kEe2oEKCdS/ZxIyoCU=
 github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.15.1/go.mod h1:gr2RNwukQ/S9Nv33Lt6UC7xEx58C+LHRdoqbEKjz1Kk=
-github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.2 h1:9vqZr0pxwOF5koz6N0N3kJ0zDHokrcPxIR/ZR2YFtOs=
-github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.2/go.mod h1:sIT6l32Ph/H9cvnJsfXM5drIVzTr5A2flTf1G5tYZak=
+github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.3 h1:4jlhbXIGvijRtNC8F/5CpuJZ7yKOBFGFOOXg1bkISz0=
+github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.3/go.mod h1:ieWsXucbb8Mj9PH0rXCw1i8IunRbbAiDkpXkbfflWBM=
 github.com/containerd/typeurl/v2 v2.1.1 h1:3Q4Pt7i8nYwy2KmQWIw2+1hTvwTE/6w9FqcttATPO/4=
 github.com/containerd/typeurl/v2 v2.1.1/go.mod h1:IDp2JFvbwZ31H8dQbEIY7sDl2L3o3HZj1hsSQlywkQ0=
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.3/go.mod h1:tgQtvFlXSQOSOSIRvRPT7W67SCa46tRHOmNcaadrF8o=
@@ -121,15 +117,15 @@ github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSs
 github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb v0.0.0-20191128021309-1d7a30a10f73/go.mod h1:xbL0rPBG9cCiLr28tMa8zpbdarY27NDyej4t/EjAShU=
 github.com/distribution/reference v0.5.0 h1:/FUIFXtfc/x2gpa5/VGfiGLuOIdYa1t65IKK2OFGvA0=
 github.com/distribution/reference v0.5.0/go.mod h1:BbU0aIcezP1/5jX/8MP0YiH4SdvB5Y4f/wlDRiLyi3E=
-github.com/docker/cli v26.0.0-rc1+incompatible h1:PVxv2ySd8iZHoNfoAoKcnWSC/hKP2qMb806PWM34v50=
-github.com/docker/cli v26.0.0-rc1+incompatible/go.mod h1:JLrzqnKDaYBop7H2jaqPtU4hHvMKP+vjCwu2uszcLI8=
+github.com/docker/cli v26.1.3+incompatible h1:bUpXT/N0kDE3VUHI2r5VMsYQgi38kYuoC0oL9yt3lqc=
+github.com/docker/cli v26.1.3+incompatible/go.mod h1:JLrzqnKDaYBop7H2jaqPtU4hHvMKP+vjCwu2uszcLI8=
 github.com/docker/cli-docs-tool v0.7.0 h1:M2Da98Unz2kz3A5d4yeSGbhyOge2mfYSNjAFt01Rw0M=
 github.com/docker/cli-docs-tool v0.7.0/go.mod h1:zMjqTFCU361PRh8apiXzeAZ1Q/xupbIwTusYpzCXS/o=
 github.com/docker/distribution v2.7.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:J2gT2udsDAN96Uj4KfcMRqY0/ypR+oyYUYmja8H+y+w=
 github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.2+incompatible h1:T3de5rq0dB1j30rp0sA2rER+m322EBzniBPB6ZIzuh8=
 github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.2+incompatible/go.mod h1:J2gT2udsDAN96Uj4KfcMRqY0/ypR+oyYUYmja8H+y+w=
-github.com/docker/docker v26.0.0-rc1+incompatible h1:8Q4f+KSdA4hFc5SXcxthv1vR9HIoRwwjhBnMZL6IpkU=
-github.com/docker/docker v26.0.0-rc1+incompatible/go.mod h1:eEKB0N0r5NX/I1kEveEz05bcu8tLC/8azJZsviup8Sk=
+github.com/docker/docker v26.0.0+incompatible h1:Ng2qi+gdKADUa/VM+6b6YaY2nlZhk/lVJiKR/2bMudU=
+github.com/docker/docker v26.0.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:eEKB0N0r5NX/I1kEveEz05bcu8tLC/8azJZsviup8Sk=
 github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.0 h1:YQFtbBQb4VrpoPxhFuzEBPQ9E16qz5SpHLS+uswaCp8=
 github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.0/go.mod h1:UGFXcuoQ5TxPiB54nHOZ32AWRqQdECoh/Mg0AlEYb40=
 github.com/docker/go v1.5.1-1.0.20160303222718-d30aec9fd63c h1:lzqkGL9b3znc+ZUgi7FlLnqjQhcXxkNM/quxIjBVMD0=
@@ -149,10 +145,6 @@ github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7/go.mod h1:cyGadeNE
 github.com/dvsekhvalnov/jose2go v0.0.0-20170216131308-f21a8cedbbae/go.mod h1:7BvyPhdbLxMXIYTFPLsyJRFMsKmOZnQmzh6Gb+uquuM=
 github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.11.0 h1:rAQeMHw1c7zTmncogyy8VvRZwtkmkZ4FxERmMY4rD+g=
 github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.11.0/go.mod h1:6n3XBCmQQb25CM2LCACGz8ukIrRry+4bhvbpWn3mrbc=
-github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.0/go.mod h1:YTl/9mNaCwkRvm6d1a2C3ymFceY/DCBVvsKhRF0iEA4=
-github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.1-0.20191026205805-5f8ba28d4473/go.mod h1:YTl/9mNaCwkRvm6d1a2C3ymFceY/DCBVvsKhRF0iEA4=
-github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.4/go.mod h1:6rpuAdCZL397s3pYoYcLgu1mIlRU8Am5FuJP05cCM98=
-github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v0.1.0/go.mod h1:iSmxcyjqTsJpI2R4NaDN7+kN2VEUnK/pcBlmesArF7c=
 github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v1.0.2 h1:QkIBuU5k+x7/QXPvPPnWXWlCdaBFApVqftFV6k087DA=
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@@ -162,7 +154,6 @@ github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.4.7/go.mod h1:jwhsz4b93w/PPRr/qN1Yymfu8t87LnFCMo
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@@ -192,29 +183,24 @@ github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.1.1/go.mod h1:r8qH/GZQm5c6nD/R0oafs1akxWv10x8SbQlK7a
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@@ -235,8 +221,6 @@ github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.0/go.mod h1:DVbg23sWSpFRCP0SfiEN6jmj59UnW/n46BH5rLB7
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@@ -245,8 +229,8 @@ github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 h1:035FKYIWjmULyFRBKPs8TBQoi0x6d9G4xc9n
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@@ -283,8 +267,6 @@ github.com/kr/pty v1.1.1/go.mod h1:pFQYn66WHrOpPYNljwOMqo10TkYh1fy3cYio2l3bCsQ=
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@@ -311,8 +293,8 @@ github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 h1:jeMsZIYE/09sWLaz43PL7Gy6RuMjD2eJVyua
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@@ -384,7 +366,6 @@ github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.17.0/go.mod h1:VeL+gMmOAxkS2IqfCq0ZmHSL+L
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@@ -396,7 +377,6 @@ github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.0.0-20180125133057-cb4147076ac7/go.mod h1:c3At6R
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@@ -406,8 +386,6 @@ github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.10.0/go.mod h1:UQnix2H7Ngw/k4C5ijL5+65zddjncj
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@@ -415,8 +393,6 @@ github.com/shibumi/go-pathspec v1.3.0/go.mod h1:Xutfslp817l2I1cZvgcfeMQJG5QnU2lh
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@@ -450,8 +426,8 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4 h1:CcVxjf3Q8PM0mHUKJCdn+eZZtm5yQwehR5yeSVQQcU
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@@ -469,8 +445,10 @@ github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema v1.2.0/go.mod h1:anYRn/JVcOK2ZgGU+IjEV4nwlhoK5sQ
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 github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.4.0/go.mod h1:nHzOclRkoj++EU9ZjSrZvRG0BXIWt8c7loYc0qXAFGQ=
-github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.14.1 h1:t9fyA35fwjjUMcmL5hLER+e/rEPqrbCK1/OSE4SI9KA=
-github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.14.1/go.mod h1:VvMs5i0vgZdhYawQNq5kePSpLAoz8u1xvZgrPIxfnZE=
+github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.14.4 h1:uXXczd9QDGsgu0i/QFR/hzI5NYCHLf6NQw/atrbnhq8=
+github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.14.4/go.mod h1:VvMs5i0vgZdhYawQNq5kePSpLAoz8u1xvZgrPIxfnZE=
+github.com/zclconf/go-cty-debug v0.0.0-20191215020915-b22d67c1ba0b h1:FosyBZYxY34Wul7O/MSKey3txpPYyCqVO5ZyceuQJEI=
+github.com/zclconf/go-cty-debug v0.0.0-20191215020915-b22d67c1ba0b/go.mod h1:ZRKQfBXbGkpdV6QMzT3rU1kSTAnfu1dO8dPKjYprgj8=
 go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 h1:y73uSU6J157QMP2kn2r30vwW1A2W2WFwSCGnAVxeaD0=
 go.opencensus.io v0.24.0/go.mod h1:vNK8G9p7aAivkbmorf4v+7Hgx+Zs0yY+0fOtgBfjQKo=
 go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc v0.46.1 h1:SpGay3w+nEwMpfVnbqOLH5gY52/foP8RE8UzTZ1pdSE=
@@ -505,11 +483,8 @@ go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.21.0 h1:WD9i5gzvoUPuXIXH24ZNBudiarZDKuekPqi/E8
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.21.0/go.mod h1:LGbsEB0f9LGjN+OZaQQ26sohbOmiMR+BaslueVtS/qQ=
 go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.0.0 h1:T0TX0tmXU8a3CbNXzEKGeU5mIVOdf0oykP+u2lIVU/I=
 go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Sy6pihPLfYHkr3NkUbEhGHFhINUSI/v80hjKIs5JXpM=
-go.uber.org/atomic v1.4.0/go.mod h1:gD2HeocX3+yG+ygLZcrzQJaqmWj9AIm7n08wl/qW/PE=
 go.uber.org/goleak v1.3.0 h1:2K3zAYmnTNqV73imy9J1T3WC+gmCePx2hEGkimedGto=
 go.uber.org/goleak v1.3.0/go.mod h1:CoHD4mav9JJNrW/WLlf7HGZPjdw8EucARQHekz1X6bE=
-go.uber.org/multierr v1.1.0/go.mod h1:wR5kodmAFQ0UK8QlbwjlSNy0Z68gJhDJUG5sjR94q/0=
-go.uber.org/zap v1.10.0/go.mod h1:vwi/ZaCAaUcBkycHslxD9B2zi4UTXhF60s6SWpuDF0Q=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20180904163835-0709b304e793/go.mod h1:6SG95UA2DQfeDnfUPMdvaQW0Q7yPrPDi9nlGo2tz2b4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190325154230-a5d413f7728c/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
@@ -518,33 +493,24 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200302210943-78000ba7a073/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPh
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200422194213-44a606286825/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20201117144127-c1f2f97bffc9/go.mod h1:jdWPYTVW3xRLrWPugEBEK3UY2ZEsg3UU495nc5E+M+I=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.18.0 h1:PGVlW0xEltQnzFZ55hkuX5+KLyrMYhHld1YHO4AKcdc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.18.0/go.mod h1:R0j02AL6hcrfOiy9T4ZYp/rcWeMxM3L6QYxlOuEG1mg=
-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.21.0 h1:X31++rzVUdKhX5sWmSOFZxx8UW/ldWx55cbf08iNAMA=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.21.0/go.mod h1:0BP7YvVV9gBbVKyeTG0Gyn+gZm94bibOW5BjDEYAOMs=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240112132812-db7319d0e0e3 h1:hNQpMuAJe5CtcUqCXaWga3FHu+kQvCqcsoVaQgSV60o=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240112132812-db7319d0e0e3/go.mod h1:idGWGoKP1toJGkd5/ig9ZLuPcZBC3ewk7SzmH0uou08=
-golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20181026193005-c67002cb31c3/go.mod h1:UVdnD1Gm6xHRNCYTkRU2/jEulfH38KcIWyp/GAMgvoE=
-golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20190227174305-5b3e6a55c961/go.mod h1:wehouNa3lNwaWXcvxsM5YxQ5yQlVC4a0KAMCusXpPoU=
-golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20190313153728-d0100b6bd8b3/go.mod h1:6SW0HCj/g11FgYtHlgUYUwCkIfeOF89ocIRzGO/8vkc=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.2.0/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.3.0/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.14.0 h1:dGoOF9QVLYng8IHTm7BAyWqCqSheQ5pYWGhzW00YJr0=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.14.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180724234803-3673e40ba225/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180826012351-8a410e7b638d/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180906233101-161cd47e91fd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20181114220301-adae6a3d119a/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190213061140-3a22650c66bd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190311183353-d8887717615a/go.mod h1:t9HGtf8HONx5eT2rtn7q6eTqICYqUVnKs3thJo3Qplg=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190404232315-eb5bcb51f2a3/go.mod h1:t9HGtf8HONx5eT2rtn7q6eTqICYqUVnKs3thJo3Qplg=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190603091049-60506f45cf65/go.mod h1:HSz+uSET+XFnRR8LxR5pz3Of3rY3CfYBVs4xY44aLks=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190613194153-d28f0bde5980/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190620200207-3b0461eec859/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200226121028-0de0cce0169b/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201021035429-f5854403a974/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
-golang.org/x/net v0.20.0 h1:aCL9BSgETF1k+blQaYUBx9hJ9LOGP3gAVemcZlf1Kpo=
-golang.org/x/net v0.20.0/go.mod h1:z8BVo6PvndSri0LbOE3hAn0apkU+1YvI6E70E9jsnvY=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
+golang.org/x/net v0.23.0 h1:7EYJ93RZ9vYSZAIb2x3lnuvqO5zneoD6IvWjuhfxjTs=
+golang.org/x/net v0.23.0/go.mod h1:JKghWKKOSdJwpW2GEx0Ja7fmaKnMsbu+MWVZTokSYmg=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.11.0 h1:vPL4xzxBM4niKCW6g9whtaWVXTJf1U5e4aZxxFx/gbU=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.11.0/go.mod h1:LdF7O/8bLR/qWK9DrpXmbHLTouvRHK0SgJl0GmDBchk=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20180314180146-1d60e4601c6f/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
@@ -553,31 +519,27 @@ golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181221193216-37e7f081c4d4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJ
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190423024810-112230192c58/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190911185100-cd5d95a43a6e/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20201020160332-67f06af15bc9/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20201207232520-09787c993a3a/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.6.0 h1:5BMeUDZ7vkXGfEr1x9B4bRcTH4lpkTkpdh0T/J+qjbQ=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180830151530-49385e6e1522/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180905080454-ebe1bf3edb33/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180909124046-d0be0721c37e/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20181116152217-5ac8a444bdc5/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190215142949-d0b11bdaac8a/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190412213103-97732733099d/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190422165155-953cdadca894/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190801041406-cbf593c0f2f3/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191026070338-33540a1f6037/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191120155948-bd437916bb0e/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200930185726-fdedc70b468f/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210124154548-22da62e12c0c/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210616094352-59db8d763f22/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20211025201205-69cdffdb9359/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220520151302-bc2c85ada10a/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220715151400-c0bba94af5f8/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.1.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.16.0 h1:xWw16ngr6ZMtmxDyKyIgsE93KNKz5HKmMa3b8ALHidU=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.16.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0 h1:DBdB3niSjOA/O0blCZBqDefyWNYveAYMNF1Wum0DYQ4=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201117132131-f5c789dd3221/go.mod h1:Nr5EML6q2oocZ2LXRh80K7BxOlk5/8JxuGnuhpl+muw=
-golang.org/x/term v0.16.0 h1:m+B6fahuftsE9qjo0VWp2FW0mB3MTJvR0BaMQrq0pmE=
-golang.org/x/term v0.16.0/go.mod h1:yn7UURbUtPyrVJPGPq404EukNFxcm/foM+bV/bfcDsY=
+golang.org/x/term v0.18.0 h1:FcHjZXDMxI8mM3nwhX9HlKop4C0YQvCVCdwYl2wOtE8=
+golang.org/x/term v0.18.0/go.mod h1:ILwASektA3OnRv7amZ1xhE/KTR+u50pbXfZ03+6Nx58=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
@@ -586,10 +548,6 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 h1:rg5rLMjNzMS1RkNLzCG38eapWhnYLFYXDXj2gOlr8j4=
 golang.org/x/time v0.3.0/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190114222345-bf090417da8b/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190226205152-f727befe758c/go.mod h1:9Yl7xja0Znq3iFh3HoIrodX9oNMXvdceNzlUR8zjMvY=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190311212946-11955173bddd/go.mod h1:LCzVGOaR6xXOjkQ3onu1FJEFr0SW1gC7cKk1uF8kGRs=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190524140312-2c0ae7006135/go.mod h1:RgjU9mgBXZiqYHBnxXauZ1Gv1EHHAz9KjViQ78xBX0Q=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191119224855-298f0cb1881e/go.mod h1:b+2E5dAYhXwXZwtnZ6UAqBI28+e2cm9otk0dWdXHAEo=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20200619180055-7c47624df98f/go.mod h1:EkVYQZoAsY45+roYkvgYkIh4xh/qjgUK9TdY2XT94GE=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20210106214847-113979e3529a/go.mod h1:emZCQorbCU4vsT4fOWvOPXz4eW1wZW4PmDk9uLelYpA=
@@ -600,13 +558,8 @@ golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8T
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.1.0/go.mod h1:EbEs0AVv82hx2wNQdGPgUI5lhzA/G0D9YwlJXL52JkM=
-google.golang.org/appengine v1.4.0/go.mod h1:xpcJRLb0r/rnEns0DIKYYv+WjYCduHsrkT7/EB5XEv4=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 h1:FZR1q0exgwxzPzp/aF+VccGrSfxfPpkBqjIIEq3ru6c=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7/go.mod h1:8WjMMxjGQR8xUklV/ARdw2HLXBOI7O7uCIDZVag1xfc=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20180817151627-c66870c02cf8/go.mod h1:JiN7NxoALGmiZfu7CAH4rXhgtRTLTxftemlI0sWmxmc=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20190819201941-24fa4b261c55/go.mod h1:DMBHOl98Agz4BDEuKkezgsaosCRResVns1a3J2ZsMNc=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200224152610-e50cd9704f63/go.mod h1:55QSHmfGQM9UVYDPBsyGGes0y52j32PQ3BqQfXhyH3c=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200423170343-7949de9c1215/go.mod h1:55QSHmfGQM9UVYDPBsyGGes0y52j32PQ3BqQfXhyH3c=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b h1:+YaDE2r2OG8t/z5qmsh7Y+XXwCbvadxxZ0YY6mTdrVA=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b/go.mod h1:CgAqfJo+Xmu0GwA0411Ht3OU3OntXwsGmrmjI8ioGXI=
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b h1:CIC2YMXmIhYw6evmhPxBKJ4fmLbOFtXQN/GV3XOZR8k=
@@ -614,19 +567,12 @@ google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b/go.
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b h1:ZlWIi1wSK56/8hn4QcBp/j9M7Gt3U/3hZw3mC7vDICo=
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20231016165738-49dd2c1f3d0b/go.mod h1:swOH3j0KzcDDgGUWr+SNpyTen5YrXjS3eyPzFYKc6lc=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.0.5/go.mod h1:yo6s7OP7yaDglbqo1J04qKzAhqBH6lvTonzMVmEdcZw=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.19.0/go.mod h1:mqu4LbDTu4XGKhr4mRzUsmM4RtVoemTSY81AxZiDr8c=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.23.0/go.mod h1:Y5yQAOtifL1yxbo5wqy6BxZv8vAUGQwXBOALyacEbxg=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.25.1/go.mod h1:c3i+UQWmh7LiEpx4sFZnkU36qjEYZ0imhYfXVyQciAY=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.27.0/go.mod h1:qbnxyOmOxrQa7FizSgH+ReBfzJrCY1pSN7KXBS8abTk=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.27.1/go.mod h1:qbnxyOmOxrQa7FizSgH+ReBfzJrCY1pSN7KXBS8abTk=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.29.1/go.mod h1:itym6AZVZYACWQqET3MqgPpjcuV5QH3BxFS3IjizoKk=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.59.0 h1:Z5Iec2pjwb+LEOqzpB2MR12/eKFhDPhuqW91O+4bwUk=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.59.0/go.mod h1:aUPDwccQo6OTjy7Hct4AfBPD1GptF4fyUjIkQ9YtF98=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 h1:g0LDEJHgrBl9N9r17Ru3sqWhkIx2NB67okBHPwC7hs8=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0 h1:uNO2rsAINq/JlFpSdYEKIZ0uKD/R9cpdv0T+yoGwGmI=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0/go.mod h1:c6P6GXX6sHbq/GpV6MGZEdwhWPcYBgnhAHhKbcUYpos=
 gopkg.in/airbrake/gobrake.v2 v2.0.9/go.mod h1:/h5ZAUhDkGaJfjzjKLSjv6zCL6O0LLBxU4K+aSYdM/U=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/cenkalti/backoff.v2 v2.2.1 h1:eJ9UAg01/HIHG987TwxvnzK2MgxXq97YY6rYDpY9aII=
@@ -654,8 +600,6 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gotest.tools/v3 v3.4.0 h1:ZazjZUfuVeZGLAmlKKuyv3IKP5orXcwtOwDQH6YVr6o=
 gotest.tools/v3 v3.4.0/go.mod h1:CtbdzLSsqVhDgMtKsx03ird5YTGB3ar27v0u/yKBW5g=
-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190102054323-c2f93a96b099/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190523083050-ea95bdfd59fc/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
 k8s.io/api v0.29.2 h1:hBC7B9+MU+ptchxEqTNW2DkUosJpp1P+Wn6YncZ474A=
 k8s.io/api v0.29.2/go.mod h1:sdIaaKuU7P44aoyyLlikSLayT6Vb7bvJNCX105xZXY0=
 k8s.io/apimachinery v0.29.2 h1:EWGpfJ856oj11C52NRCHuU7rFDwxev48z+6DSlGNsV8=

hack/test

@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@ set -eu -o pipefail
 : "${TEST_REPORT_SUFFIX=}"
 : "${TEST_KEEP_CACHE=}"
 : "${TEST_DOCKERD=}"
+: "${TEST_BUILDKIT_TAG=}"
 : "${TEST_BUILDKIT_IMAGE=}"
+: "${TEST_BUILDX_EXPERIMENTAL=}"
 
 if [ "$TEST_IMAGE_BUILD" = "1" ]; then
   ${BUILDX_CMD} bake integration-test --set "*.output=type=docker,name=$TEST_IMAGE_ID"
@@ -24,11 +26,11 @@ gotestArgs="-mod=vendor -coverprofile=/testreports/coverage-report$TEST_REPORT_S
 
 cacheVolume="buildx-test-cache"
 if ! docker container inspect "$cacheVolume" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
-  docker create -v /root/.cache -v /root/.cache/registry -v /go/pkg/mod --name "$cacheVolume" alpine
+  docker create -v /root/.cache -v /root/.cache/registry -v /root/.cache/undock -v /go/pkg/mod --name "$cacheVolume" alpine
 fi
 if [ "$TEST_KEEP_CACHE" != "1" ]; then
   trap 'docker rm -v $cacheVolume' EXIT
 fi
 
-cid=$(docker create --rm -v /tmp $testReportsVol --volumes-from=$cacheVolume -e GITHUB_REF -e TEST_DOCKERD -e TEST_BUILDKIT_IMAGE -e SKIP_INTEGRATION_TESTS -e GOTESTSUM_FORMAT ${BUILDKIT_INTEGRATION_SNAPSHOTTER:+"-eBUILDKIT_INTEGRATION_SNAPSHOTTER"} -e BUILDKIT_REGISTRY_MIRROR_DIR=/root/.cache/registry --privileged $TEST_IMAGE_ID gotestsum $gotestsumArgs --packages="${TESTPKGS:-./...}" -- $gotestArgs ${TESTFLAGS:--v})
+cid=$(docker create --rm -v /tmp $testReportsVol --volumes-from=$cacheVolume -e GITHUB_REF -e TEST_DOCKERD -e TEST_BUILDKIT_IMAGE -e TEST_BUILDKIT_TAG -e TEST_BUILDX_EXPERIMENTAL -e SKIP_INTEGRATION_TESTS -e GOTESTSUM_FORMAT ${BUILDKIT_INTEGRATION_SNAPSHOTTER:+"-eBUILDKIT_INTEGRATION_SNAPSHOTTER"} -e BUILDKIT_REGISTRY_MIRROR_DIR=/root/.cache/registry --privileged $TEST_IMAGE_ID gotestsum $gotestsumArgs --packages="${TESTPKGS:-./...}" -- $gotestArgs ${TESTFLAGS:--v})
 docker start -a -i $cid

tests/bake.go

@@ -2,13 +2,19 @@ package tests
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/containerd/continuity/fs/fstest"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/gitutil"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/identity"
+	provenancetypes "github.com/moby/buildkit/solver/llbsolver/provenance/types"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/contentutil"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/testutil"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/testutil/integration"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
@@ -23,6 +29,7 @@ var bakeTests = []func(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox){
 	testBakeLocal,
 	testBakeLocalMulti,
 	testBakeRemote,
+	testBakeRemoteAuth,
 	testBakeRemoteCmdContext,
 	testBakeRemoteLocalOverride,
 	testBakeLocalCwdOverride,
@@ -35,7 +42,9 @@ var bakeTests = []func(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox){
 	testBakeEmpty,
 	testBakeShmSize,
 	testBakeUlimits,
-	testBakeRefs,
+	testBakeMetadata,
+	testBakeMultiExporters,
+	testBakeLoadPush,
 }
 
 func testBakeLocal(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
@@ -136,6 +145,41 @@ EOT
 	require.FileExists(t, filepath.Join(dirDest, "foo"))
 }
 
+func testBakeRemoteAuth(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	bakefile := []byte(`
+target "default" {
+	dockerfile-inline = <<EOT
+FROM scratch
+COPY foo /foo
+EOT
+}
+`)
+	dir := tmpdir(
+		t,
+		fstest.CreateFile("docker-bake.hcl", bakefile, 0600),
+		fstest.CreateFile("foo", []byte("foo"), 0600),
+	)
+	dirDest := t.TempDir()
+
+	git, err := gitutil.New(gitutil.WithWorkingDir(dir))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	gitutil.GitInit(git, t)
+	gitutil.GitAdd(git, t, "docker-bake.hcl", "foo")
+	gitutil.GitCommit(git, t, "initial commit")
+
+	token := identity.NewID()
+	addr := gitutil.GitServeHTTP(git, t, gitutil.WithAccessToken(token))
+
+	out, err := bakeCmd(sb, withDir(dir),
+		withEnv("BUILDX_BAKE_GIT_AUTH_TOKEN="+token),
+		withArgs(addr, "--set", "*.output=type=local,dest="+dirDest),
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err, out)
+
+	require.FileExists(t, filepath.Join(dirDest, "foo"))
+}
+
 func testBakeRemoteLocalOverride(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	remoteBakefile := []byte(`
 target "default" {
@@ -589,7 +633,19 @@ target "default" {
 	require.Contains(t, string(dt), `1024`)
 }
 
-func testBakeRefs(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+func testBakeMetadata(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	t.Run("max", func(t *testing.T) {
+		bakeMetadata(t, sb, "max")
+	})
+	t.Run("min", func(t *testing.T) {
+		bakeMetadata(t, sb, "min")
+	})
+	t.Run("disabled", func(t *testing.T) {
+		bakeMetadata(t, sb, "disabled")
+	})
+}
+
+func bakeMetadata(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox, metadataMode string) {
 	dockerfile := []byte(`
 FROM scratch
 COPY foo /foo
@@ -613,7 +669,12 @@ target "default" {
 		outFlag += ",dest=" + dirDest + "/image.tar"
 	}
 
-	cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withDir(dir), withArgs("bake", "--metadata-file", filepath.Join(dirDest, "md.json"), "--set", outFlag))
+	cmd := buildxCmd(
+		sb,
+		withDir(dir),
+		withArgs("bake", "--metadata-file", filepath.Join(dirDest, "md.json"), "--set", outFlag),
+		withEnv("BUILDX_METADATA_PROVENANCE="+metadataMode),
+	)
 	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 	require.NoError(t, err, out)
 
@@ -622,7 +683,8 @@ target "default" {
 
 	type mdT struct {
 		Default struct {
-			BuildRef string `json:"buildx.build.ref"`
+			BuildRef        string                 `json:"buildx.build.ref"`
+			BuildProvenance map[string]interface{} `json:"buildx.build.provenance"`
 		} `json:"default"`
 	}
 	var md mdT
@@ -630,4 +692,132 @@ target "default" {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	require.NotEmpty(t, md.Default.BuildRef)
+	if metadataMode == "disabled" {
+		require.Empty(t, md.Default.BuildProvenance)
+		return
+	}
+	require.NotEmpty(t, md.Default.BuildProvenance)
+
+	dtprv, err := json.Marshal(md.Default.BuildProvenance)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var prv provenancetypes.ProvenancePredicate
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(dtprv, &prv))
+	require.Equal(t, provenancetypes.BuildKitBuildType, prv.BuildType)
+}
+
+func testBakeMultiExporters(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
+	}
+	skipNoCompatBuildKit(t, sb, ">= 0.13.0-0", "multi exporters")
+
+	registry, err := sb.NewRegistry()
+	if errors.Is(err, integration.ErrRequirements) {
+		t.Skip(err.Error())
+	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	targetReg := registry + "/buildx/registry:latest"
+	targetStore := "buildx:local-" + identity.NewID()
+
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		cmd := dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "rm", targetStore))
+		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+		require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+	})
+
+	dockerfile := []byte(`
+FROM scratch
+COPY foo /foo
+	`)
+	bakefile := []byte(`
+target "default" {
+}
+`)
+	dir := tmpdir(
+		t,
+		fstest.CreateFile("docker-bake.hcl", bakefile, 0600),
+		fstest.CreateFile("Dockerfile", dockerfile, 0600),
+		fstest.CreateFile("foo", []byte("foo"), 0600),
+	)
+
+	outputs := []string{
+		"--set", fmt.Sprintf("*.output=type=image,name=%s,push=true", targetReg),
+		"--set", fmt.Sprintf("*.output=type=docker,name=%s", targetStore),
+		"--set", fmt.Sprintf("*.output=type=oci,dest=%s/result", dir),
+	}
+	cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withDir(dir), withArgs("bake"), withArgs(outputs...))
+	outb, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	require.NoError(t, err, string(outb))
+
+	// test registry
+	desc, provider, err := contentutil.ProviderFromRef(targetReg)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = testutil.ReadImages(sb.Context(), provider, desc)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// test docker store
+	cmd = dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "inspect", targetStore))
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+
+	// test oci
+	_, err = os.ReadFile(fmt.Sprintf("%s/result", dir))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// TODO: test metadata file when supported by multi exporters https://github.com/docker/buildx/issues/2181
+}
+
+func testBakeLoadPush(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
+	}
+	skipNoCompatBuildKit(t, sb, ">= 0.13.0-0", "multi exporters")
+
+	registry, err := sb.NewRegistry()
+	if errors.Is(err, integration.ErrRequirements) {
+		t.Skip(err.Error())
+	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	target := registry + "/buildx/registry:" + identity.NewID()
+
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		cmd := dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "rm", target))
+		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+		require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+	})
+
+	dockerfile := []byte(`
+FROM scratch
+COPY foo /foo
+	`)
+	bakefile := []byte(`
+target "default" {
+}
+`)
+	dir := tmpdir(
+		t,
+		fstest.CreateFile("docker-bake.hcl", bakefile, 0600),
+		fstest.CreateFile("Dockerfile", dockerfile, 0600),
+		fstest.CreateFile("foo", []byte("foo"), 0600),
+	)
+
+	cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withDir(dir), withArgs("bake", "--push", "--load", fmt.Sprintf("--set=*.tags=%s", target)))
+	outb, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	require.NoError(t, err, string(outb))
+
+	// test registry
+	desc, provider, err := contentutil.ProviderFromRef(target)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = testutil.ReadImages(sb.Context(), provider, desc)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// test docker store
+	cmd = dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "inspect", target))
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+
+	// TODO: test metadata file when supported by multi exporters https://github.com/docker/buildx/issues/2181
 }

tests/build.go

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/platforms"
 	"github.com/containerd/continuity/fs/fstest"
 	"github.com/creack/pty"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/identity"
+	provenancetypes "github.com/moby/buildkit/solver/llbsolver/provenance/types"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/appdefaults"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/contentutil"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/testutil"
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@ func buildCmd(sb integration.Sandbox, opts ...cmdOpt) (string, error) {
 
 var buildTests = []func(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox){
 	testBuild,
+	testBuildStdin,
 	testImageIDOutput,
 	testBuildLocalExport,
 	testBuildRegistryExport,
@@ -53,7 +56,11 @@ var buildTests = []func(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox){
 	testBuildNetworkModeBridge,
 	testBuildShmSize,
 	testBuildUlimit,
-	testBuildRef,
+	testBuildMetadata,
+	testBuildMultiExporters,
+	testBuildLoadPush,
+	testBuildSecret,
+	testBuildDefaultLoad,
 }
 
 func testBuild(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
@@ -62,6 +69,26 @@ func testBuild(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
 }
 
+func testBuildStdin(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	dockerfile := []byte(`
+FROM busybox:latest AS base
+COPY foo /etc/foo
+RUN cp /etc/foo /etc/bar
+
+FROM scratch
+COPY --from=base /etc/bar /bar
+`)
+	dir := tmpdir(
+		t,
+		fstest.CreateFile("foo", []byte("foo"), 0600),
+	)
+
+	cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withDir(dir), withArgs("build", "--progress=quiet", "-f-", dir))
+	cmd.Stdin = bytes.NewReader(dockerfile)
+	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
+}
+
 func testBuildLocalExport(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	dir := createTestProject(t)
 	out, err := buildCmd(sb, withArgs(fmt.Sprintf("--output=type=local,dest=%s/result", dir), dir))
@@ -122,10 +149,14 @@ func testBuildRegistryExportAttestations(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	target := registry + "/buildx/registry:latest"
 
 	out, err := buildCmd(sb, withArgs(fmt.Sprintf("--output=type=image,name=%s,push=true", target), "--provenance=true", dir))
-	if sb.Name() == "docker" {
+	if isMobyWorker(sb) {
 		require.Error(t, err)
 		require.Contains(t, out, "Attestation is not supported")
 		return
+	} else if !isMobyContainerdSnapWorker(sb) && !matchesBuildKitVersion(t, sb, ">= 0.11.0-0") {
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.Contains(t, out, "Attestations are not supported by the current BuildKit daemon")
+		return
 	}
 	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
 
@@ -197,7 +228,7 @@ func testImageIDOutput(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 
 func testBuildMobyFromLocalImage(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	if !isDockerWorker(sb) {
-		t.Skip("skipping test for non-docker workers")
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker workers")
 	}
 
 	// pull image
@@ -244,6 +275,7 @@ RUN busybox | head -1 | grep v1.36.1
 }
 
 func testBuildDetailsLink(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	skipNoCompatBuildKit(t, sb, ">= 0.11.0-0", "build details link")
 	buildDetailsPattern := regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^View build details: docker-desktop://dashboard/build/[^/]+/[^/]+/[^/]+\n$`)
 
 	// build simple dockerfile
@@ -275,6 +307,11 @@ RUN echo foo > /bar`)
 	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
 	require.True(t, buildDetailsPattern.MatchString(string(out)), fmt.Sprintf("expected build details link in output, got %q", out))
 
+	if isExperimental() {
+		// FIXME: https://github.com/docker/buildx/issues/2382
+		t.Skip("build details link not displayed in experimental mode when build fails: https://github.com/docker/buildx/issues/2382")
+	}
+
 	// build erroneous dockerfile
 	dockerfile = []byte(`FROM busybox:latest
 RUN exit 1`)
@@ -287,7 +324,7 @@ RUN exit 1`)
 
 func testBuildProgress(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	dir := createTestProject(t)
-	driver, _, _ := strings.Cut(sb.Name(), "+")
+	sbDriver, _ := driverName(sb.Name())
 	name := sb.Address()
 
 	// progress=tty
@@ -298,7 +335,7 @@ func testBuildProgress(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	io.Copy(buf, f)
 	ttyOutput := buf.String()
 	require.Contains(t, ttyOutput, "[+] Building")
-	require.Contains(t, ttyOutput, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", driver, name))
+	require.Contains(t, ttyOutput, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", sbDriver, name))
 	require.Contains(t, ttyOutput, "=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile")
 	require.Contains(t, ttyOutput, "=> [base 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/busybox:latest")
 
@@ -306,15 +343,16 @@ func testBuildProgress(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	cmd = buildxCmd(sb, withArgs("build", "--progress=plain", "--output=type=cacheonly", dir))
 	plainOutput, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Contains(t, string(plainOutput), fmt.Sprintf(`#0 building with "%s" instance using %s driver`, name, driver))
+	require.Contains(t, string(plainOutput), fmt.Sprintf(`#0 building with "%s" instance using %s driver`, name, sbDriver))
 	require.Contains(t, string(plainOutput), "[internal] load build definition from Dockerfile")
 	require.Contains(t, string(plainOutput), "[base 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/busybox:latest")
 }
 
 func testBuildAnnotations(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() == "docker" {
+	if isMobyWorker(sb) {
 		t.Skip("annotations not supported on docker worker")
 	}
+	skipNoCompatBuildKit(t, sb, ">= 0.11.0-0", "annotations")
 
 	dir := createTestProject(t)
 
@@ -371,8 +409,8 @@ func testBuildLabelNoKey(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testBuildCacheExportNotSupported(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker" {
-		t.Skip("skipping test for non-docker workers")
+	if !isMobyWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker worker")
 	}
 
 	dir := createTestProject(t)
@@ -383,8 +421,8 @@ func testBuildCacheExportNotSupported(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testBuildOCIExportNotSupported(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker" {
-		t.Skip("skipping test for non-docker workers")
+	if !isMobyWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker worker")
 	}
 
 	dir := createTestProject(t)
@@ -395,8 +433,8 @@ func testBuildOCIExportNotSupported(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testBuildMultiPlatformNotSupported(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker" {
-		t.Skip("skipping test for non-docker workers")
+	if !isMobyWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker worker")
 	}
 
 	dir := createTestProject(t)
@@ -423,9 +461,10 @@ RUN ping -c 1 buildx.host-gateway-ip.local
 }
 
 func testBuildNetworkModeBridge(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker" {
-		t.Skip("skipping test for non-docker workers")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
 	}
+	skipNoCompatBuildKit(t, sb, ">= 0.13.0-0", "network bridge")
 
 	var builderName string
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
@@ -436,8 +475,10 @@ func testBuildNetworkModeBridge(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 		require.NoError(t, err, out)
 	})
 
-	// TODO: use stable buildkit image when v0.13.0 released
-	out, err := createCmd(sb, withArgs("--driver", "docker-container", "--buildkitd-flags=--oci-worker-net=bridge --allow-insecure-entitlement=network.host", "--driver-opt", "image=moby/buildkit:master"))
+	out, err := createCmd(sb, withArgs(
+		"--driver", "docker-container",
+		"--buildkitd-flags=--oci-worker-net=bridge --allow-insecure-entitlement=network.host",
+	))
 	require.NoError(t, err, out)
 	builderName = strings.TrimSpace(out)
 
@@ -515,7 +556,19 @@ COPY --from=build /ulimit /
 	require.Contains(t, string(dt), `1024`)
 }
 
-func testBuildRef(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+func testBuildMetadata(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	t.Run("max", func(t *testing.T) {
+		buildMetadata(t, sb, "max")
+	})
+	t.Run("min", func(t *testing.T) {
+		buildMetadata(t, sb, "min")
+	})
+	t.Run("disabled", func(t *testing.T) {
+		buildMetadata(t, sb, "disabled")
+	})
+}
+
+func buildMetadata(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox, metadataMode string) {
 	dir := createTestProject(t)
 	dirDest := t.TempDir()
 
@@ -525,7 +578,11 @@ func testBuildRef(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 		outFlag += ",dest=" + dirDest + "/image.tar"
 	}
 
-	cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withArgs("build", outFlag, "--metadata-file", filepath.Join(dirDest, "md.json"), dir))
+	cmd := buildxCmd(
+		sb,
+		withArgs("build", outFlag, "--metadata-file", filepath.Join(dirDest, "md.json"), dir),
+		withEnv("BUILDX_METADATA_PROVENANCE="+metadataMode),
+	)
 	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
 
@@ -533,13 +590,207 @@ func testBuildRef(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	type mdT struct {
-		BuildRef string `json:"buildx.build.ref"`
+		BuildRef        string                 `json:"buildx.build.ref"`
+		BuildProvenance map[string]interface{} `json:"buildx.build.provenance"`
 	}
 	var md mdT
 	err = json.Unmarshal(dt, &md)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	require.NotEmpty(t, md.BuildRef)
+	if metadataMode == "disabled" {
+		require.Empty(t, md.BuildProvenance)
+		return
+	}
+	require.NotEmpty(t, md.BuildProvenance)
+
+	dtprv, err := json.Marshal(md.BuildProvenance)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var prv provenancetypes.ProvenancePredicate
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(dtprv, &prv))
+	require.Equal(t, provenancetypes.BuildKitBuildType, prv.BuildType)
+}
+
+func testBuildMultiExporters(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
+	}
+	skipNoCompatBuildKit(t, sb, ">= 0.13.0-0", "multi exporters")
+
+	registry, err := sb.NewRegistry()
+	if errors.Is(err, integration.ErrRequirements) {
+		t.Skip(err.Error())
+	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	targetReg := registry + "/buildx/registry:latest"
+	targetStore := "buildx:local-" + identity.NewID()
+
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		cmd := dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "rm", targetStore))
+		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+		require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+	})
+
+	dir := createTestProject(t)
+
+	outputs := []string{
+		"--output", fmt.Sprintf("type=image,name=%s,push=true", targetReg),
+		"--output", fmt.Sprintf("type=docker,name=%s", targetStore),
+		"--output", fmt.Sprintf("type=oci,dest=%s/result", dir),
+	}
+	cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withArgs("build"), withArgs(outputs...), withArgs(dir))
+	outb, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	require.NoError(t, err, string(outb))
+
+	// test registry
+	desc, provider, err := contentutil.ProviderFromRef(targetReg)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = testutil.ReadImages(sb.Context(), provider, desc)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// test docker store
+	cmd = dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "inspect", targetStore))
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+
+	// test oci
+	_, err = os.ReadFile(fmt.Sprintf("%s/result", dir))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// TODO: test metadata file when supported by multi exporters https://github.com/docker/buildx/issues/2181
+}
+
+func testBuildLoadPush(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
+	}
+	skipNoCompatBuildKit(t, sb, ">= 0.13.0-0", "multi exporters")
+
+	registry, err := sb.NewRegistry()
+	if errors.Is(err, integration.ErrRequirements) {
+		t.Skip(err.Error())
+	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	target := registry + "/buildx/registry:" + identity.NewID()
+
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		cmd := dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "rm", target))
+		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+		require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+	})
+
+	dir := createTestProject(t)
+
+	cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withArgs(
+		"build", "--push", "--load",
+		fmt.Sprintf("-t=%s", target),
+		dir,
+	))
+	outb, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	require.NoError(t, err, string(outb))
+
+	// test registry
+	desc, provider, err := contentutil.ProviderFromRef(target)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = testutil.ReadImages(sb.Context(), provider, desc)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// test docker store
+	cmd = dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "inspect", target))
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+
+	// TODO: test metadata file when supported by multi exporters https://github.com/docker/buildx/issues/2181
+}
+
+func testBuildSecret(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	token := "abcd1234"
+	dockerfile := []byte(`
+FROM busybox AS build
+RUN --mount=type=secret,id=token cat /run/secrets/token | tee /token
+FROM scratch
+COPY --from=build /token /
+	`)
+	dir := tmpdir(
+		t,
+		fstest.CreateFile("Dockerfile", dockerfile, 0600),
+		fstest.CreateFile("tokenfile", []byte(token), 0600),
+	)
+
+	t.Run("env", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Cleanup(func() {
+			_ = os.Remove(filepath.Join(dir, "token"))
+		})
+
+		cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withEnv("TOKEN="+token), withArgs("build", "--secret=id=token,env=TOKEN", fmt.Sprintf("--output=type=local,dest=%s", dir), dir))
+		out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+		require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
+
+		dt, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, token, string(dt))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Cleanup(func() {
+			_ = os.Remove(filepath.Join(dir, "token"))
+		})
+
+		cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withArgs("build", "--secret=id=token,src="+path.Join(dir, "tokenfile"), fmt.Sprintf("--output=type=local,dest=%s", dir), dir))
+		out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+		require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
+
+		dt, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "token"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, token, string(dt))
+	})
+}
+
+func testBuildDefaultLoad(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	if !isDockerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker workers")
+	}
+
+	tag := "buildx/build:" + identity.NewID()
+
+	var builderName string
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		if builderName == "" {
+			return
+		}
+
+		cmd := dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "rm", tag))
+		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+		require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+
+		out, err := rmCmd(sb, withArgs(builderName))
+		require.NoError(t, err, out)
+	})
+
+	out, err := createCmd(sb, withArgs(
+		"--driver", "docker-container",
+		"--driver-opt", "default-load=true",
+	))
+	require.NoError(t, err, out)
+	builderName = strings.TrimSpace(out)
+
+	dir := createTestProject(t)
+
+	cmd := buildxCmd(sb, withArgs(
+		"build",
+		fmt.Sprintf("-t=%s", tag),
+		dir,
+	))
+	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "BUILDX_BUILDER="+builderName)
+	outb, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	require.NoError(t, err, string(outb))
+
+	cmd = dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("image", "inspect", tag))
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
 }
 
 func createTestProject(t *testing.T) string {

tests/create.go

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 package tests
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/docker/buildx/driver"
+	"github.com/moby/buildkit/identity"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/testutil/integration"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
@@ -18,11 +22,12 @@ func createCmd(sb integration.Sandbox, opts ...cmdOpt) (string, error) {
 var createTests = []func(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox){
 	testCreateMemoryLimit,
 	testCreateRestartAlways,
+	testCreateRemoteContainer,
 }
 
 func testCreateMemoryLimit(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("only testing for docker-container driver")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
 	}
 
 	var builderName string
@@ -40,8 +45,8 @@ func testCreateMemoryLimit(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testCreateRestartAlways(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("only testing for docker-container driver")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
 	}
 
 	var builderName string
@@ -57,3 +62,49 @@ func testCreateRestartAlways(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, out)
 	builderName = strings.TrimSpace(out)
 }
+
+func testCreateRemoteContainer(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
+	if !isDockerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker workers")
+	}
+
+	ctnBuilderName := "ctn-builder-" + identity.NewID()
+	remoteBuilderName := "remote-builder-" + identity.NewID()
+	var hasCtnBuilder, hasRemoteBuilder bool
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		if hasCtnBuilder {
+			out, err := rmCmd(sb, withArgs(ctnBuilderName))
+			require.NoError(t, err, out)
+		}
+		if hasRemoteBuilder {
+			out, err := rmCmd(sb, withArgs(remoteBuilderName))
+			require.NoError(t, err, out)
+		}
+	})
+
+	out, err := createCmd(sb, withArgs("--driver", "docker-container", "--name", ctnBuilderName))
+	require.NoError(t, err, out)
+	hasCtnBuilder = true
+
+	out, err = inspectCmd(sb, withArgs("--bootstrap", ctnBuilderName))
+	require.NoError(t, err, out)
+
+	cmd := dockerCmd(sb, withArgs("container", "inspect", fmt.Sprintf("%s0", driver.BuilderName(ctnBuilderName))))
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	require.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+
+	out, err = createCmd(sb, withArgs("--driver", "remote", "--name", remoteBuilderName, fmt.Sprintf("docker-container://%s0", driver.BuilderName(ctnBuilderName))))
+	require.NoError(t, err, out)
+	hasRemoteBuilder = true
+
+	out, err = inspectCmd(sb, withArgs(remoteBuilderName))
+	require.NoError(t, err, out)
+
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(out, "\n") {
+		if v, ok := strings.CutPrefix(line, "Status:"); ok {
+			require.Equal(t, strings.TrimSpace(v), "running")
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	require.Fail(t, "remote builder is not running")
+}

tests/dialstdio.go

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ func testDialStdio(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 			}
 		}()
 
+		skipNoCompatBuildKit(t, sb, ">= 0.11.0-0", "unknown method Info for service moby.buildkit.v1.Control")
 		_, err = c.Info(sb.Context())
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 

tests/imagetools.go

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ var imagetoolsTests = []func(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox){
 }
 
 func testImagetoolsCopyManifest(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("imagetools tests are not driver specific and only run on docker-container")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker, imagetools only runs on docker-container")
 	}
 
 	dir := createDockerfile(t)
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ func testImagetoolsCopyManifest(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testImagetoolsCopyIndex(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("imagetools tests are not driver specific and only run on docker-container")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker, imagetools only runs on docker-container")
 	}
 
 	dir := createDockerfile(t)
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ func testImagetoolsCopyIndex(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testImagetoolsInspectAndFilter(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("imagetools tests are not driver specific and only run on docker-container")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker, imagetools only runs on docker-container")
 	}
 
 	dir := createDockerfile(t)
@@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ func testImagetoolsInspectAndFilter(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testImagetoolsAnnotation(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("imagetools tests are not driver specific and only run on docker-container")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker, imagetools only runs on docker-container")
 	}
 
 	dir := createDockerfile(t)

tests/inspect.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func testInspect(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 	}
 
 	require.Equal(t, sb.Address(), name)
-	sbDriver, _, _ := strings.Cut(sb.Name(), "+")
+	sbDriver, _ := driverName(sb.Name())
 	require.Equal(t, sbDriver, driver)
 	if isDockerWorker(sb) {
 		require.NotEmpty(t, hostGatewayIP, "host-gateway-ip worker label should be set with docker driver")
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ func testInspect(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testInspectBuildkitdFlags(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("only testing for docker-container driver")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
 	}
 
 	var builderName string
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ func testInspectBuildkitdFlags(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testInspectNetworkHostEntitlement(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("only testing for docker-container driver")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
 	}
 
 	var builderName string

tests/integration.go

@@ -3,14 +3,22 @@ package tests
 import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3"
 	"github.com/containerd/continuity/fs/fstest"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/testutil/integration"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
+const defaultBuildKitTag = "buildx-stable-1"
+
+var buildkitImage string
+
 func tmpdir(t *testing.T, appliers ...fstest.Applier) string {
 	t.Helper()
 	tmpdir := t.TempDir()
@@ -55,6 +63,9 @@ func buildxCmd(sb integration.Sandbox, opts ...cmdOpt) *exec.Cmd {
 	if context := sb.DockerAddress(); context != "" {
 		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "DOCKER_CONTEXT="+context)
 	}
+	if isExperimental() {
+		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "BUILDX_EXPERIMENTAL=1")
+	}
 
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -71,7 +82,118 @@ func dockerCmd(sb integration.Sandbox, opts ...cmdOpt) *exec.Cmd {
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func isDockerWorker(sb integration.Sandbox) bool {
-	sbDriver, _, _ := strings.Cut(sb.Name(), "+")
-	return sbDriver == "docker"
+func isMobyWorker(sb integration.Sandbox) bool {
+	name, hasFeature := driverName(sb.Name())
+	return name == "docker" && !hasFeature
+}
+
+func isMobyContainerdSnapWorker(sb integration.Sandbox) bool {
+	name, hasFeature := driverName(sb.Name())
+	return name == "docker" && hasFeature
+}
+
+func isDockerWorker(sb integration.Sandbox) bool {
+	name, _ := driverName(sb.Name())
+	return name == "docker"
+}
+
+func isDockerContainerWorker(sb integration.Sandbox) bool {
+	name, _ := driverName(sb.Name())
+	return name == "docker-container"
+}
+
+func driverName(sbName string) (string, bool) {
+	name := sbName
+	var hasFeature bool
+	if b, _, ok := strings.Cut(name, "+"); ok {
+		name = b
+		hasFeature = true
+	}
+	return name, hasFeature
+}
+
+func isExperimental() bool {
+	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv("TEST_BUILDX_EXPERIMENTAL"); ok {
+		vv, _ := strconv.ParseBool(v)
+		return vv
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func buildkitTag() string {
+	if v := os.Getenv("TEST_BUILDKIT_TAG"); v != "" {
+		return v
+	}
+	return defaultBuildKitTag
+}
+
+var (
+	bkvers   map[string]string
+	bkversMu sync.Mutex
+)
+
+func buildkitVersion(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) string {
+	bkversMu.Lock()
+	defer bkversMu.Unlock()
+
+	if bkvers == nil {
+		bkvers = make(map[string]string)
+	}
+
+	ver, ok := bkvers[sb.Name()]
+	if !ok {
+		out, err := inspectCmd(sb, withArgs(sb.Address()))
+		require.NoError(t, err, out)
+		for _, line := range strings.Split(out, "\n") {
+			if v, ok := strings.CutPrefix(line, "BuildKit version:"); ok {
+				ver = strings.TrimSpace(v)
+				bkvers[sb.Name()] = ver
+			}
+		}
+		if ver == "" {
+			t.Logf("BuildKit version not found in inspect output, extract it from the image.\n%s", out)
+			undockBin, err := exec.LookPath("undock")
+			require.NoError(t, err, "undock not found")
+
+			destDir := t.TempDir()
+			t.Cleanup(func() {
+				os.RemoveAll(destDir)
+			})
+
+			cmd := exec.Command(undockBin, "--cachedir", "/root/.cache/undock", "--include", "/usr/bin/buildkitd", "--rm-dist", buildkitImage, destDir)
+			require.NoErrorf(t, cmd.Run(), "failed to extract buildkitd binary from %q", buildkitImage)
+
+			cmd = exec.Command(filepath.Join(destDir, "usr", "bin", "buildkitd"), "--version")
+			out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+			require.NoErrorf(t, err, "failed to get BuildKit version from %q: %s", buildkitImage, string(out))
+
+			v := strings.Fields(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
+			if len(v) != 4 {
+				require.Fail(t, "unexpected version format: "+strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
+			}
+			ver = v[2]
+			bkvers[sb.Name()] = ver
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ver
+}
+
+func matchesBuildKitVersion(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox, constraint string) bool {
+	c, err := semver.NewConstraint(constraint)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	v, err := semver.NewVersion(buildkitVersion(t, sb))
+	if err != nil {
+		// if the version is not a valid semver, we assume it matches (master)
+		return true
+	}
+	return c.Check(v)
+}
+
+func skipNoCompatBuildKit(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox, constraint string, msg string) {
+	if !matchesBuildKitVersion(t, sb, constraint) {
+		t.Skipf("buildkit version %s does not match %s constraint (%s)", buildkitVersion(t, sb), constraint, msg)
+	}
 }

tests/integration_test.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func TestIntegration(t *testing.T) {
 
 func testIntegration(t *testing.T, funcs ...func(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox)) {
 	mirroredImages := integration.OfficialImages("busybox:latest", "alpine:latest")
-	buildkitImage := "docker.io/moby/buildkit:buildx-stable-1"
+	buildkitImage = "docker.io/moby/buildkit:" + buildkitTag()
 	if bkworkers.IsTestDockerd() {
 		if img, ok := os.LookupEnv("TEST_BUILDKIT_IMAGE"); ok {
 			ref, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(img)

tests/ls.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func testLs(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	sbDriver, _, _ := strings.Cut(sb.Name(), "+")
+	sbDriver, _ := driverName(sb.Name())
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		tt := tt
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {

tests/rm.go

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ var rmTests = []func(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox){
 }
 
 func testRm(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("only testing for docker-container driver")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
 	}
 
 	out, err := rmCmd(sb, withArgs("default"))
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ func testRm(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
 }
 
 func testRmMulti(t *testing.T, sb integration.Sandbox) {
-	if sb.Name() != "docker-container" {
-		t.Skip("only testing for docker-container driver")
+	if !isDockerContainerWorker(sb) {
+		t.Skip("only testing with docker-container worker")
 	}
 
 	var builderNames []string

tests/workers/backend.go

@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ func (s *backend) NetNSDetached() bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+func (s *backend) ExtraEnv() []string {
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (s backend) Supports(feature string) bool {
 	if enabledFeatures := os.Getenv("BUILDKIT_TEST_ENABLE_FEATURES"); enabledFeatures != "" {
 		for _, enabledFeature := range strings.Split(enabledFeatures, ",") {

util/buildflags/printfunc.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package buildflags
 
 import (
 	"encoding/csv"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	controllerapi "github.com/docker/buildx/controller/pb"
@@ -21,9 +22,16 @@ func ParsePrintFunc(str string) (*controllerapi.PrintFunc, error) {
 	for _, field := range fields {
 		parts := strings.SplitN(field, "=", 2)
 		if len(parts) == 2 {
-			if parts[0] == "format" {
+			switch parts[0] {
+			case "format":
 				f.Format = parts[1]
-			} else {
+			case "ignorestatus":
+				v, err := strconv.ParseBool(parts[1])
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "invalid ignorestatus print value: %s", parts[1])
+				}
+				f.IgnoreStatus = v
+			default:
 				return nil, errors.Errorf("invalid print field: %s", field)
 			}
 		} else {

util/confutil/metadata.go

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package confutil
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+// MetadataProvenanceMode is the type for setting provenance in the metdata file
+type MetadataProvenanceMode int
+
+const (
+	// MetadataProvenanceModeMin sets minimal provenance (default)
+	MetadataProvenanceModeMin MetadataProvenanceMode = iota
+	// MetadataProvenanceModeMax sets full provenance
+	MetadataProvenanceModeMax
+	// MetadataProvenanceModeDisabled doesn't set provenance
+	MetadataProvenanceModeDisabled
+)
+
+// MetadataProvenance returns the provenance mode to set in the metadata file
+func MetadataProvenance() MetadataProvenanceMode {
+	bmp := os.Getenv("BUILDX_METADATA_PROVENANCE")
+	switch bmp {
+	case "min":
+		return MetadataProvenanceModeMin
+	case "max":
+		return MetadataProvenanceModeMax
+	case "disabled":
+		return MetadataProvenanceModeDisabled
+	}
+	if ok, err := strconv.ParseBool(bmp); err == nil && !ok {
+		return MetadataProvenanceModeDisabled
+	}
+	return MetadataProvenanceModeMin
+}

util/gitutil/testutilserve.go

@@ -10,11 +10,28 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-func GitServeHTTP(c *Git, t testing.TB) (url string) {
+type gitServe struct {
+	token string
+}
+
+type GitServeOpt func(*gitServe)
+
+func WithAccessToken(token string) GitServeOpt {
+	return func(s *gitServe) {
+		s.token = token
+	}
+}
+
+func GitServeHTTP(c *Git, t testing.TB, opts ...GitServeOpt) (url string) {
 	t.Helper()
 	gitUpdateServerInfo(c, t)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.TODO())
 
+	gs := &gitServe{}
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(gs)
+	}
+
 	ready := make(chan struct{})
 	done := make(chan struct{})
 
@@ -28,7 +45,25 @@ func GitServeHTTP(c *Git, t testing.TB) (url string) {
 	go func() {
 		mux := http.NewServeMux()
 		prefix := fmt.Sprintf("/%s/", name)
-		mux.Handle(prefix, http.StripPrefix(prefix, http.FileServer(http.Dir(dir))))
+
+		handler := func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+			var tokenChecked bool
+			return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				if gs.token != "" && !tokenChecked {
+					t.Logf("git access token to check: %q", gs.token)
+					user, pass, _ := r.BasicAuth()
+					t.Logf("basic auth: user=%q pass=%q", user, pass)
+					if pass != gs.token {
+						http.Error(w, "Unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
+						return
+					}
+					tokenChecked = true
+				}
+				next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+			})
+		}
+
+		mux.Handle(prefix, handler(http.StripPrefix(prefix, http.FileServer(http.Dir(dir)))))
 		l, err := net.Listen("tcp", "localhost:0")
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)

util/imagetools/imagetools_helpers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,399 @@
+package imagetools
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/containerd/containerd/remotes"
+	intoto "github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang/in_toto"
+	slsa02 "github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang/in_toto/slsa_provenance/v0.2"
+	"github.com/opencontainers/go-digest"
+	ocispec "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
+	v1 "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
+)
+
+type attestationType int
+
+const (
+	plainSpdx             attestationType = 0
+	dsseEmbeded           attestationType = 1
+	plainSpdxAndDSSEEmbed attestationType = 2
+)
+
+type mockFetcher struct {
+}
+
+type mockResolver struct {
+	fetcher remotes.Fetcher
+	pusher  remotes.Pusher
+}
+
+var manifests = make(map[digest.Digest]manifest)
+var indexes = make(map[digest.Digest]index)
+
+func (f mockFetcher) Fetch(ctx context.Context, desc ocispec.Descriptor) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	switch desc.MediaType {
+	case ocispec.MediaTypeImageIndex:
+		reader := io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(indexes[desc.Digest].desc.Annotations["test_content"]))
+		return reader, nil
+	case ocispec.MediaTypeImageManifest:
+		reader := io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(manifests[desc.Digest].desc.Annotations["test_content"]))
+		return reader, nil
+	default:
+		reader := io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(desc.Annotations["test_content"]))
+		return reader, nil
+	}
+
+}
+
+func (r mockResolver) Resolve(ctx context.Context, ref string) (name string, desc ocispec.Descriptor, err error) {
+	d := digest.Digest(strings.ReplaceAll(ref, "docker.io/library/test@", ""))
+	return string(d), indexes[d].desc, nil
+}
+
+func (r mockResolver) Fetcher(ctx context.Context, ref string) (remotes.Fetcher, error) {
+	return r.fetcher, nil
+}
+
+func (r mockResolver) Pusher(ctx context.Context, ref string) (remotes.Pusher, error) {
+	return r.pusher, nil
+}
+
+func getMockResolver() remotes.Resolver {
+	resolver := mockResolver{
+		fetcher: mockFetcher{},
+	}
+
+	return resolver
+}
+
+func getImageNoAttestation() *result {
+	return getImageFromManifests(getBaseManifests())
+}
+
+func getImageWithAttestation(t attestationType) *result {
+	manifestList := getBaseManifests()
+
+	objManifest := ocispec.Manifest{
+		MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+		Layers:    getAttestationLayers(t),
+		Annotations: map[string]string{
+			"platform": "linux/amd64",
+		},
+	}
+	jsonContent, _ := json.Marshal(objManifest)
+	jsonString := string(jsonContent)
+	d := digest.FromString(jsonString)
+
+	manifestList[d] = manifest{
+		desc: ocispec.Descriptor{
+			MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+			Digest:    d,
+			Size:      int64(len(jsonString)),
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"vnd.docker.reference.digest": string(getManifestDigestForArch(manifestList, "linux", "amd64")),
+				"vnd.docker.reference.type":   "attestation-manifest",
+				"test_content":                jsonString,
+			},
+			Platform: &v1.Platform{
+				Architecture: "unknown",
+				OS:           "unknown",
+			},
+		},
+		manifest: objManifest,
+	}
+
+	objManifest = ocispec.Manifest{
+		MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+		Layers:    getAttestationLayers(t),
+		Annotations: map[string]string{
+			"platform": "linux/arm64",
+		},
+	}
+	jsonContent, _ = json.Marshal(objManifest)
+	jsonString = string(jsonContent)
+	d = digest.FromString(jsonString)
+	manifestList[d] = manifest{
+		desc: ocispec.Descriptor{
+			MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+			Digest:    d,
+			Size:      int64(len(jsonString)),
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"vnd.docker.reference.digest": string(getManifestDigestForArch(manifestList, "linux", "arm64")),
+				"vnd.docker.reference.type":   "attestation-manifest",
+				"test_content":                jsonString,
+			},
+			Platform: &v1.Platform{
+				Architecture: "unknown",
+				OS:           "unknown",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	return getImageFromManifests(manifestList)
+}
+
+func getImageFromManifests(manifests map[digest.Digest]manifest) *result {
+	r := &result{
+		indexes:   make(map[digest.Digest]index),
+		manifests: manifests,
+		images:    make(map[string]digest.Digest),
+		refs:      make(map[digest.Digest][]digest.Digest),
+		assets:    make(map[string]asset),
+	}
+
+	r.images["linux/amd64"] = getManifestDigestForArch(manifests, "linux", "amd64")
+	r.images["linux/arm64"] = getManifestDigestForArch(manifests, "linux", "arm64")
+
+	manifestsDesc := []v1.Descriptor{}
+	for _, val := range manifests {
+		manifestsDesc = append(manifestsDesc, val.desc)
+	}
+
+	objIndex := v1.Index{
+		MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageIndex,
+		Manifests: manifestsDesc,
+	}
+	jsonContent, _ := json.Marshal(objIndex)
+	jsonString := string(jsonContent)
+	d := digest.FromString(jsonString)
+
+	if _, ok := indexes[d]; !ok {
+		indexes[d] = index{
+			desc: ocispec.Descriptor{
+				MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageIndex,
+				Digest:    d,
+				Size:      int64(len(jsonString)),
+				Annotations: map[string]string{
+					"test_content": jsonString,
+				},
+			},
+			index: objIndex,
+		}
+	}
+
+	r.indexes[d] = indexes[d]
+	return r
+}
+
+func getManifestDigestForArch(manifests map[digest.Digest]manifest, os string, arch string) digest.Digest {
+	for d, m := range manifests {
+		if m.desc.Platform.OS == os && m.desc.Platform.Architecture == arch {
+			return d
+		}
+	}
+
+	return digest.Digest("")
+}
+
+func getBaseManifests() map[digest.Digest]manifest {
+	if len(manifests) == 0 {
+		config := getConfig()
+		content := "amd64-content"
+		objManifest := ocispec.Manifest{
+			MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+			Config:    config,
+			Layers: []v1.Descriptor{
+				{
+					MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageLayerGzip,
+					Digest:    digest.FromString(content),
+					Size:      int64(len(content)),
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		jsonContent, _ := json.Marshal(objManifest)
+		jsonString := string(jsonContent)
+		d := digest.FromString(jsonString)
+
+		manifests[d] = manifest{
+			desc: ocispec.Descriptor{
+				MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+				Digest:    d,
+				Size:      int64(len(jsonString)),
+				Platform: &v1.Platform{
+					Architecture: "amd64",
+					OS:           "linux",
+				},
+				Annotations: map[string]string{
+					"test_content": jsonString,
+				},
+			},
+			manifest: objManifest,
+		}
+
+		content = "arm64-content"
+		objManifest = ocispec.Manifest{
+			MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+			Config:    config,
+			Layers: []v1.Descriptor{
+				{
+					MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageLayerGzip,
+					Digest:    digest.FromString(content),
+					Size:      int64(len(content)),
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		jsonContent, _ = json.Marshal(objManifest)
+		jsonString = string(jsonContent)
+		d = digest.FromString(jsonString)
+
+		manifests[d] = manifest{
+			desc: ocispec.Descriptor{
+				MediaType: v1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+				Digest:    d,
+				Size:      int64(len(jsonString)),
+				Platform: &v1.Platform{
+					Architecture: "arm64",
+					OS:           "linux",
+				},
+				Annotations: map[string]string{
+					"test_content": jsonString,
+				},
+			},
+			manifest: objManifest,
+		}
+	}
+
+	return manifests
+}
+
+func getConfig() v1.Descriptor {
+	config := v1.ImageConfig{
+		Env: []string{
+			"config",
+		},
+	}
+	jsonContent, _ := json.Marshal(config)
+	jsonString := string(jsonContent)
+	d := digest.FromString(jsonString)
+
+	return v1.Descriptor{
+		MediaType: ocispec.MediaTypeImageConfig,
+		Digest:    d,
+		Size:      int64(len(jsonString)),
+		Annotations: map[string]string{
+			"test_content": jsonString,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func getAttestationLayers(t attestationType) []v1.Descriptor {
+	layers := []v1.Descriptor{}
+
+	if t == plainSpdx || t == plainSpdxAndDSSEEmbed {
+		layers = append(layers, v1.Descriptor{
+			MediaType: inTotoGenericMime,
+			Digest:    digest.FromString(attestationContent),
+			Size:      int64(len(attestationContent)),
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"in-toto.io/predicate-type": intoto.PredicateSPDX,
+				"test_content":              attestationContent,
+			},
+		})
+		layers = append(layers, v1.Descriptor{
+			MediaType: inTotoGenericMime,
+			Digest:    digest.FromString(provenanceContent),
+			Size:      int64(len(provenanceContent)),
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"in-toto.io/predicate-type": slsa02.PredicateSLSAProvenance,
+				"test_content":              provenanceContent,
+			},
+		})
+	}
+
+	if t == dsseEmbeded || t == plainSpdxAndDSSEEmbed {
+		dsseAttestation := fmt.Sprintf("{\"payload\":\"%s\"}", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(attestationContent)))
+		dsseProvenance := fmt.Sprintf("{\"payload\":\"%s\"}", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(provenanceContent)))
+		layers = append(layers, v1.Descriptor{
+			MediaType: inTotoSPDXDSSEMime,
+			Digest:    digest.FromString(dsseAttestation),
+			Size:      int64(len(dsseAttestation)),
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"in-toto.io/predicate-type": intoto.PredicateSPDX,
+				"test_content":              dsseAttestation,
+			},
+		})
+		layers = append(layers, v1.Descriptor{
+			MediaType: inTotoProvenanceDSSEMime,
+			Digest:    digest.FromString(dsseProvenance),
+			Size:      int64(len(dsseProvenance)),
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"in-toto.io/predicate-type": slsa02.PredicateSLSAProvenance,
+				"test_content":              dsseProvenance,
+			},
+		})
+	}
+
+	return layers
+}
+
+const attestationContent = `
+{
+    "_type": "https://in-toto.io/Statement/v0.1",
+    "predicateType": "https://spdx.dev/Document",
+    "predicate": {
+		"name": "sbom",
+		"spdxVersion": "SPDX-2.3",
+		"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-DOCUMENT",
+		"creationInfo": {
+			"created": "2024-01-31T16:09:05Z",
+			"creators": [
+				"Tool: buildkit-v0.11.0"
+			],
+			"licenseListVersion": "3.22"
+		},
+		"dataLicense": "CC0-1.0",
+		"documentNamespace": "https://example.com",
+		"packages": [
+			{
+				"name": "sbom",
+				"SPDXID": "SPDXRef-DocumentRoot-Directory-sbom",
+				"copyrightText": "",
+				"downloadLocation": "NOASSERTION",
+				"primaryPackagePurpose": "FILE",
+				"supplier": "NOASSERTION"
+			}
+		],
+		"relationships": [
+			{
+				"relatedSpdxElement": "SPDXRef-DocumentRoot-Directory-sbom",
+				"relationshipType": "DESCRIBES",
+				"spdxElementId": "SPDXRef-DOCUMENT"
+			}
+		]
+	}
+}
+`
+
+const provenanceContent = `
+{
+	"_type": "https://in-toto.io/Statement/v0.1",
+	"predicateType": "https://slsa.dev/provenance/v0.2",
+	"predicate": {
+		"buildType": "https://example.com/Makefile",
+		"builder": { 
+			"id": "mailto:person@example.com"
+		},
+		"invocation": {
+			"configSource": {
+				"uri": "https://example.com/example-1.2.3.tar.gz",
+				"digest": {"sha256": ""},
+				"entryPoint": "src:foo"
+			},
+			"parameters": {
+				"CFLAGS": "-O3"
+			},
+			"materials": [
+				{
+					"uri": "https://example.com/example-1.2.3.tar.gz",
+					"digest": {"sha256": ""}
+				}
+			]
+		}
+	}
+}
+`

util/imagetools/loader.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/platforms"
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/remotes"
 	"github.com/distribution/reference"
+	intoto "github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang/in_toto"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/contentutil"
 	"github.com/opencontainers/go-digest"
 	ocispec "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
@@ -292,7 +293,7 @@ func (l *loader) scanSBOM(ctx context.Context, fetcher remotes.Fetcher, r *resul
 			}
 			for _, layer := range mfst.manifest.Layers {
 				if (layer.MediaType == inTotoGenericMime || isInTotoDSSE(layer.MediaType)) &&
-					layer.Annotations["in-toto.io/predicate-type"] == "https://spdx.dev/Document" {
+					layer.Annotations["in-toto.io/predicate-type"] == intoto.PredicateSPDX {
 					_, err := remotes.FetchHandler(l.cache, fetcher)(ctx, layer)
 					if err != nil {
 						return nil, err

util/imagetools/loader_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+package imagetools
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/opencontainers/go-digest"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestLoad(t *testing.T) {
+	loader := newLoader(getMockResolver())
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	r := getImageNoAttestation()
+	indexDigest := reflect.ValueOf(r.indexes).MapKeys()[0].String()
+	result, err := loader.Load(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("test@%s", indexDigest))
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if err == nil {
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, len(result.indexes))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(result.images))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(result.platforms))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(result.manifests))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(result.assets))
+		assert.Equal(t, 0, len(result.refs))
+	}
+
+	r = getImageWithAttestation(plainSpdx)
+	indexDigest = reflect.ValueOf(r.indexes).MapKeys()[0].String()
+	result, err = loader.Load(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("test@%s", indexDigest))
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if err == nil {
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, len(result.indexes))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(result.images))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(result.platforms))
+		assert.Equal(t, 4, len(result.manifests))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(result.assets))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(result.refs))
+
+		for d1, m := range r.manifests {
+			if _, ok := m.desc.Annotations["vnd.docker.reference.digest"]; ok {
+				d2 := digest.Digest(m.desc.Annotations["vnd.docker.reference.digest"])
+				assert.Equal(t, d1, result.refs[d2][0])
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSBOM(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		contentType attestationType
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "Plain SPDX",
+			contentType: plainSpdx,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "SPDX in DSSE envelope",
+			contentType: dsseEmbeded,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "Plain SPDX and SPDX in DSSE envelope",
+			contentType: plainSpdxAndDSSEEmbed,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			loader := newLoader(getMockResolver())
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			fetcher, _ := loader.resolver.Fetcher(ctx, "")
+
+			r := getImageWithAttestation(test.contentType)
+			imageDigest := r.images["linux/amd64"]
+
+			// Manual mapping
+			for d, m := range r.manifests {
+				if m.desc.Annotations["vnd.docker.reference.digest"] == string(imageDigest) {
+					r.refs[imageDigest] = []digest.Digest{
+						d,
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			a := asset{}
+			loader.scanSBOM(ctx, fetcher, r, r.refs[imageDigest], &a)
+			r.assets["linux/amd64"] = a
+			actual, err := r.SBOM()
+
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, 1, len(actual))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestProvenance(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		contentType attestationType
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "Plain SPDX",
+			contentType: plainSpdx,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "SPDX in DSSE envelope",
+			contentType: dsseEmbeded,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "Plain SPDX and SPDX in DSSE envelope",
+			contentType: plainSpdxAndDSSEEmbed,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			loader := newLoader(getMockResolver())
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			fetcher, _ := loader.resolver.Fetcher(ctx, "")
+
+			r := getImageWithAttestation(test.contentType)
+			imageDigest := r.images["linux/amd64"]
+
+			// Manual mapping
+			for d, m := range r.manifests {
+				if m.desc.Annotations["vnd.docker.reference.digest"] == string(imageDigest) {
+					r.refs[imageDigest] = []digest.Digest{
+						d,
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			a := asset{}
+			loader.scanProvenance(ctx, fetcher, r, r.refs[imageDigest], &a)
+			r.assets["linux/amd64"] = a
+			actual, err := r.Provenance()
+
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, 1, len(actual))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_isInTotoDSSE(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		mime     string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{
+			mime:     "application/vnd.in-toto.spdx+dsse",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			mime:     "application/vnd.in-toto.provenance+dsse",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			mime:     "application/vnd.in-toto+json",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.mime, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Equal(t, isInTotoDSSE(test.mime), test.expected)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_decodeDSSE(t *testing.T) {
+	// Returns input when mime isn't a DSSE type
+	actual, err := decodeDSSE([]byte("foobar"), "application/vnd.in-toto+json")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, []byte("foobar"), actual)
+
+	// Returns the base64 decoded payload if is a DSSE
+	payload := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte("hello world"))
+	envelope := fmt.Sprintf("{\"payload\":\"%s\"}", payload)
+	actual, err = decodeDSSE([]byte(envelope), "application/vnd.in-toto.spdx+dsse")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "hello world", string(actual))
+
+	_, err = decodeDSSE([]byte("not a json"), "application/vnd.in-toto.spdx+dsse")
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	_, err = decodeDSSE([]byte("{\"payload\": \"not base64\"}"), "application/vnd.in-toto.spdx+dsse")
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}

util/metricutil/metric.go

@@ -1,216 +1,10 @@
 package metricutil
 
 import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/url"
-	"path"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/confutil"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/version"
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
-	"github.com/pkg/errors"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric/noop"
-	sdkmetric "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/metricdata"
-	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
 )
 
-const (
-	otelConfigFieldName = "otel"
-	reportTimeout       = 2 * time.Second
-)
-
-// MeterProvider holds a MeterProvider for metric generation and the configured
-// exporters for reporting metrics from the CLI.
-type MeterProvider struct {
-	metric.MeterProvider
-	reader    *sdkmetric.ManualReader
-	exporters []sdkmetric.Exporter
-}
-
-// NewMeterProvider configures a MeterProvider from the CLI context.
-func NewMeterProvider(ctx context.Context, cli command.Cli) (*MeterProvider, error) {
-	var exps []sdkmetric.Exporter
-
-	if exp, err := dockerOtelExporter(cli); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	} else if exp != nil {
-		exps = append(exps, exp)
-	}
-
-	if confutil.IsExperimental() {
-		// Expose the user-facing metric exporter only if the experimental flag is set.
-		if exp, err := detectOtlpExporter(ctx); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		} else if exp != nil {
-			exps = append(exps, exp)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(exps) == 0 {
-		// No exporters are configured so use a noop provider.
-		return &MeterProvider{
-			MeterProvider: noop.NewMeterProvider(),
-		}, nil
-	}
-
-	reader := sdkmetric.NewManualReader(
-		sdkmetric.WithTemporalitySelector(deltaTemporality),
-	)
-	mp := sdkmetric.NewMeterProvider(
-		sdkmetric.WithResource(Resource()),
-		sdkmetric.WithReader(reader),
-	)
-	return &MeterProvider{
-		MeterProvider: mp,
-		reader:        reader,
-		exporters:     exps,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// Report exports metrics to the configured exporter. This should be done before the CLI
-// exits.
-func (m *MeterProvider) Report(ctx context.Context) {
-	if m.reader == nil {
-		// Not configured.
-		return
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, reportTimeout)
-	defer cancel()
-
-	var rm metricdata.ResourceMetrics
-	if err := m.reader.Collect(ctx, &rm); err != nil {
-		// Error when collecting metrics. Do not send any.
-		otel.Handle(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	var eg errgroup.Group
-	for _, exp := range m.exporters {
-		exp := exp
-		eg.Go(func() error {
-			if err := exp.Export(ctx, &rm); err != nil {
-				otel.Handle(err)
-			}
-			_ = exp.Shutdown(ctx)
-			return nil
-		})
-	}
-
-	// Can't report an error because we don't allow it to.
-	_ = eg.Wait()
-}
-
-// dockerOtelExporter reads the CLI metadata to determine an OTLP exporter
-// endpoint for docker metrics to be sent.
-//
-// This location, configuration, and usage is hard-coded as part of
-// sending usage statistics so this metric reporting is not meant to be
-// user facing.
-func dockerOtelExporter(cli command.Cli) (sdkmetric.Exporter, error) {
-	endpoint, err := otelExporterOtlpEndpoint(cli)
-	if endpoint == "" || err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// Parse the endpoint. The docker config expects the endpoint to be
-	// in the form of a URL to match the environment variable, but this
-	// option doesn't correspond directly to WithEndpoint.
-	//
-	// We pretend we're the same as the environment reader.
-	u, err := url.Parse(endpoint)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Errorf("docker otel endpoint is invalid: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	var opts []otlpmetricgrpc.Option
-	switch u.Scheme {
-	case "unix":
-		// Unix sockets are a bit weird. OTEL seems to imply they
-		// can be used as an environment variable and are handled properly,
-		// but they don't seem to be as the behavior of the environment variable
-		// is to strip the scheme from the endpoint, but the underlying implementation
-		// needs the scheme to use the correct resolver.
-		//
-		// We'll just handle this in a special way and add the unix:// back to the endpoint.
-		opts = []otlpmetricgrpc.Option{
-			otlpmetricgrpc.WithEndpoint(fmt.Sprintf("unix://%s", path.Join(u.Host, u.Path))),
-			otlpmetricgrpc.WithInsecure(),
-		}
-	case "http":
-		opts = []otlpmetricgrpc.Option{
-			// Omit the scheme when using http or https.
-			otlpmetricgrpc.WithEndpoint(path.Join(u.Host, u.Path)),
-			otlpmetricgrpc.WithInsecure(),
-		}
-	default:
-		opts = []otlpmetricgrpc.Option{
-			// Omit the scheme when using http or https.
-			otlpmetricgrpc.WithEndpoint(path.Join(u.Host, u.Path)),
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Hardcoded endpoint from the endpoint.
-	exp, err := otlpmetricgrpc.New(context.Background(), opts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return exp, nil
-}
-
-// otelExporterOtlpEndpoint retrieves the OTLP endpoint used for the docker reporter
-// from the current context.
-func otelExporterOtlpEndpoint(cli command.Cli) (string, error) {
-	meta, err := cli.ContextStore().GetMetadata(cli.CurrentContext())
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	var otelCfg interface{}
-	switch m := meta.Metadata.(type) {
-	case command.DockerContext:
-		otelCfg = m.AdditionalFields[otelConfigFieldName]
-	case map[string]interface{}:
-		otelCfg = m[otelConfigFieldName]
-	}
-
-	if otelCfg == nil {
-		return "", nil
-	}
-
-	otelMap, ok := otelCfg.(map[string]interface{})
-	if !ok {
-		return "", errors.Errorf(
-			"unexpected type for field %q: %T (expected: %T)",
-			otelConfigFieldName,
-			otelCfg,
-			otelMap,
-		)
-	}
-
-	// keys from https://opentelemetry.io/docs/concepts/sdk-configuration/otlp-exporter-configuration/
-	endpoint, _ := otelMap["OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT"].(string)
-	return endpoint, nil
-}
-
-// deltaTemporality sets the Temporality of every instrument to delta.
-//
-// This isn't really needed since we create a unique resource on each invocation,
-// but it can help with cardinality concerns for downstream processors since they can
-// perform aggregation for a time interval and then discard the data once that time
-// period has passed. Cumulative temporality would imply to the downstream processor
-// that they might receive a successive point and they may unnecessarily keep state
-// they really shouldn't.
-func deltaTemporality(_ sdkmetric.InstrumentKind) metricdata.Temporality {
-	return metricdata.DeltaTemporality
-}
-
 // Meter returns a Meter from the MetricProvider that indicates the measurement
 // comes from buildx with the appropriate version.
 func Meter(mp metric.MeterProvider) metric.Meter {

util/metricutil/otlp.go

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-package metricutil
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"os"
-
-	"github.com/pkg/errors"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetrichttp"
-	sdkmetric "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
-)
-
-// detectOtlpExporter configures a metrics exporter based on environment variables.
-// This is similar to the version of this in buildkit, but we need direct access
-// to the exporter and the prometheus exporter doesn't work at all in a CLI context.
-//
-// There's some duplication here which I hope to remove when the detect package
-// is refactored or extracted from buildkit so it can be utilized here.
-//
-// This version of the exporter is public facing in contrast to the
-// docker otel collector.
-func detectOtlpExporter(ctx context.Context) (sdkmetric.Exporter, error) {
-	set := os.Getenv("OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER") == "otlp" || os.Getenv("OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT") != "" || os.Getenv("OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_METRICS_ENDPOINT") != ""
-	if !set {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	proto := os.Getenv("OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_METRICS_PROTOCOL")
-	if proto == "" {
-		proto = os.Getenv("OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL")
-	}
-	if proto == "" {
-		proto = "grpc"
-	}
-
-	switch proto {
-	case "grpc":
-		return otlpmetricgrpc.New(ctx)
-	case "http/protobuf":
-		return otlpmetrichttp.New(ctx)
-	// case "http/json": // unsupported by library
-	default:
-		return nil, errors.Errorf("unsupported otlp protocol %v", proto)
-	}
-}

util/metricutil/resource.go

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-package metricutil
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/google/uuid"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
-	semconv "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/semconv/v1.21.0"
-)
-
-var (
-	res     *resource.Resource
-	resOnce sync.Once
-)
-
-// Resource retrieves the OTEL resource for the buildx CLI.
-func Resource() *resource.Resource {
-	resOnce.Do(func() {
-		var err error
-		res, err = resource.New(context.Background(),
-			resource.WithDetectors(serviceNameDetector{}),
-			resource.WithAttributes(
-				// Use a unique instance id so OTEL knows that each invocation
-				// of the CLI is its own instance. Without this, downstream
-				// OTEL processors may think the same process is restarting
-				// continuously and reset the metric counters.
-				semconv.ServiceInstanceID(uuid.New().String()),
-			),
-			resource.WithFromEnv(),
-			resource.WithTelemetrySDK(),
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			otel.Handle(err)
-		}
-	})
-	return res
-}
-
-type serviceNameDetector struct{}
-
-func (serviceNameDetector) Detect(ctx context.Context) (*resource.Resource, error) {
-	return resource.StringDetector(
-		semconv.SchemaURL,
-		semconv.ServiceNameKey,
-		func() (string, error) {
-			return filepath.Base(os.Args[0]), nil
-		},
-	).Detect(ctx)
-}

util/metricutil/resource_test.go

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-package metricutil
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
-)
-
-func TestResource(t *testing.T) {
-	setErrorHandler(t)
-
-	// Ensure resource creation doesn't result in an error.
-	// This is because the schema urls for the various attributes need to be
-	// the same, but it's really easy to import the wrong package when upgrading
-	// otel to anew version and the buildx CLI swallows any visible errors.
-	res := Resource()
-
-	// Ensure an attribute is present.
-	assert.True(t, res.Set().HasValue("telemetry.sdk.version"), "resource attribute missing")
-}
-
-func setErrorHandler(tb testing.TB) {
-	tb.Helper()
-
-	errorHandler := otel.GetErrorHandler()
-	otel.SetErrorHandler(otel.ErrorHandlerFunc(func(err error) {
-		tb.Errorf("otel error: %s", err)
-	}))
-	tb.Cleanup(func() {
-		otel.SetErrorHandler(errorHandler)
-	})
-}

util/progress/metricwriter.go

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ package progress
 import (
 	"context"
 	"regexp"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/metricutil"
@@ -23,6 +25,10 @@ func newMetrics(mp metric.MeterProvider, attrs attribute.Set) *metricWriter {
 	return &metricWriter{
 		recorders: []metricRecorder{
 			newLocalSourceTransferMetricRecorder(meter, attrs),
+			newImageSourceTransferMetricRecorder(meter, attrs),
+			newExecMetricRecorder(meter, attrs),
+			newExportImageMetricRecorder(meter, attrs),
+			newIdleMetricRecorder(meter, attrs),
 		},
 		attrs: attrs,
 	}
@@ -149,3 +155,274 @@ func detectLocalSourceType(vertexName string) attribute.KeyValue {
 	// No matches found.
 	return attribute.KeyValue{}
 }
+
+type (
+	imageSourceMetricRecorder struct {
+		// BaseAttributes holds the set of base attributes for all metrics produced.
+		BaseAttributes attribute.Set
+
+		// State holds the state for an individual digest. It is mostly used to check
+		// if a status belongs to an image source since this recorder doesn't maintain
+		// individual digest state.
+		State map[digest.Digest]struct{}
+
+		// TransferSize holds the counter for the transfer size.
+		TransferSize metric.Int64Counter
+
+		// TransferDuration holds the counter for the transfer duration.
+		TransferDuration metric.Float64Counter
+
+		// ExtractDuration holds the counter for the duration of image extraction.
+		ExtractDuration metric.Float64Counter
+	}
+)
+
+func newImageSourceTransferMetricRecorder(meter metric.Meter, attrs attribute.Set) *imageSourceMetricRecorder {
+	mr := &imageSourceMetricRecorder{
+		BaseAttributes: attrs,
+		State:          make(map[digest.Digest]struct{}),
+	}
+	mr.TransferSize, _ = meter.Int64Counter("source.image.transfer.io",
+		metric.WithDescription("Measures the number of bytes transferred for image content."),
+		metric.WithUnit("By"))
+
+	mr.TransferDuration, _ = meter.Float64Counter("source.image.transfer.time",
+		metric.WithDescription("Measures the length of time spent transferring image content."),
+		metric.WithUnit("ms"))
+
+	mr.ExtractDuration, _ = meter.Float64Counter("source.image.extract.time",
+		metric.WithDescription("Measures the length of time spent extracting image content."),
+		metric.WithUnit("ms"))
+	return mr
+}
+
+func (mr *imageSourceMetricRecorder) Record(ss *client.SolveStatus) {
+	for _, v := range ss.Vertexes {
+		if _, ok := mr.State[v.Digest]; !ok {
+			if !detectImageSourceType(v.Name) {
+				continue
+			}
+			mr.State[v.Digest] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, status := range ss.Statuses {
+		// For this image type, we're only interested in completed statuses.
+		if status.Completed == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if status.Name == "extracting" {
+			dur := float64(status.Completed.Sub(*status.Started)) / float64(time.Millisecond)
+			mr.ExtractDuration.Add(context.Background(), dur,
+				metric.WithAttributeSet(mr.BaseAttributes),
+			)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Remaining statuses will be associated with the from node.
+		if _, ok := mr.State[status.Vertex]; !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if strings.HasPrefix(status.ID, "sha256:") {
+			// Signals a transfer. Record the duration and the size.
+			dur := float64(status.Completed.Sub(*status.Started)) / float64(time.Millisecond)
+			mr.TransferDuration.Add(context.Background(), dur,
+				metric.WithAttributeSet(mr.BaseAttributes),
+			)
+			mr.TransferSize.Add(context.Background(), status.Total,
+				metric.WithAttributeSet(mr.BaseAttributes),
+			)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var reImageSourceType = regexp.MustCompile(`^\[.*] FROM `)
+
+func detectImageSourceType(vertexName string) bool {
+	return reImageSourceType.MatchString(vertexName)
+}
+
+type (
+	execMetricRecorder struct {
+		// Attributes holds the attributes for this metric recorder.
+		Attributes attribute.Set
+
+		// Duration tracks the duration of exec statements.
+		Duration metric.Float64Counter
+	}
+)
+
+func newExecMetricRecorder(meter metric.Meter, attrs attribute.Set) *execMetricRecorder {
+	mr := &execMetricRecorder{
+		Attributes: attrs,
+	}
+	mr.Duration, _ = meter.Float64Counter("exec.command.time",
+		metric.WithDescription("Measures the length of time spent executing run statements."),
+		metric.WithUnit("ms"))
+	return mr
+}
+
+func (mr *execMetricRecorder) Record(ss *client.SolveStatus) {
+	for _, v := range ss.Vertexes {
+		if v.Started == nil || v.Completed == nil || !detectExecType(v.Name) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		dur := float64(v.Completed.Sub(*v.Started)) / float64(time.Millisecond)
+		mr.Duration.Add(context.Background(), dur, metric.WithAttributeSet(mr.Attributes))
+	}
+}
+
+var reExecType = regexp.MustCompile(`^\[.*] RUN `)
+
+func detectExecType(vertexName string) bool {
+	return reExecType.MatchString(vertexName)
+}
+
+type (
+	exportImageMetricRecorder struct {
+		// Attributes holds the attributes for the export image metric.
+		Attributes attribute.Set
+
+		// Duration tracks the duration of image exporting.
+		Duration metric.Float64Counter
+	}
+)
+
+func newExportImageMetricRecorder(meter metric.Meter, attrs attribute.Set) *exportImageMetricRecorder {
+	mr := &exportImageMetricRecorder{
+		Attributes: attrs,
+	}
+	mr.Duration, _ = meter.Float64Counter("export.image.time",
+		metric.WithDescription("Measures the length of time spent exporting the image."),
+		metric.WithUnit("ms"))
+	return mr
+}
+
+func (mr *exportImageMetricRecorder) Record(ss *client.SolveStatus) {
+	for _, v := range ss.Vertexes {
+		if v.Started == nil || v.Completed == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		format := detectExportImageType(v.Name)
+		if format == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		dur := float64(v.Completed.Sub(*v.Started)) / float64(time.Millisecond)
+		mr.Duration.Add(context.Background(), dur,
+			metric.WithAttributeSet(mr.Attributes),
+			metric.WithAttributes(
+				attribute.String("image.format", format),
+			),
+		)
+	}
+}
+
+var reExportImageType = regexp.MustCompile(`^exporting to (image|(?P<format>\w+) image format)$`)
+
+func detectExportImageType(vertexName string) string {
+	m := reExportImageType.FindStringSubmatch(vertexName)
+	if m == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	format := "docker"
+	if m[2] != "" {
+		format = m[2]
+	}
+	return format
+}
+
+type idleMetricRecorder struct {
+	// Attributes holds the set of base attributes for all metrics produced.
+	Attributes attribute.Set
+
+	// Duration tracks the amount of time spent idle during this build.
+	Duration metric.Float64ObservableGauge
+
+	// Started stores the set of times when tasks were started.
+	Started []time.Time
+
+	// Completed stores the set of times when tasks were completed.
+	Completed []time.Time
+
+	mu sync.Mutex
+}
+
+func newIdleMetricRecorder(meter metric.Meter, attrs attribute.Set) *idleMetricRecorder {
+	mr := &idleMetricRecorder{
+		Attributes: attrs,
+	}
+	mr.Duration, _ = meter.Float64ObservableGauge("builder.idle.time",
+		metric.WithDescription("Measures the length of time the builder spends idle."),
+		metric.WithUnit("ms"),
+		metric.WithFloat64Callback(mr.calculateIdleTime))
+	return mr
+}
+
+func (mr *idleMetricRecorder) Record(ss *client.SolveStatus) {
+	mr.mu.Lock()
+	defer mr.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for _, v := range ss.Vertexes {
+		if v.Started == nil || v.Completed == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		mr.Started = append(mr.Started, *v.Started)
+		mr.Completed = append(mr.Completed, *v.Completed)
+	}
+}
+
+// calculateIdleTime will use the recorded vertices that have been completed to determine the
+// amount of time spent idle.
+//
+// This calculation isn't accurate until the build itself is completed. At the moment,
+// metrics are only ever sent when a build is completed. If that changes, this calculation
+// will likely be inaccurate.
+func (mr *idleMetricRecorder) calculateIdleTime(_ context.Context, o metric.Float64Observer) error {
+	mr.mu.Lock()
+	defer mr.mu.Unlock()
+
+	dur := calculateIdleTime(mr.Started, mr.Completed)
+	o.Observe(float64(dur)/float64(time.Millisecond), metric.WithAttributeSet(mr.Attributes))
+	return nil
+}
+
+func calculateIdleTime(started, completed []time.Time) time.Duration {
+	sort.Slice(started, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return started[i].Before(started[j])
+	})
+	sort.Slice(completed, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return completed[i].Before(completed[j])
+	})
+
+	if len(started) == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	var (
+		idleStart time.Time
+		elapsed   time.Duration
+	)
+	for active := 0; len(started) > 0 && len(completed) > 0; {
+		if started[0].Before(completed[0]) {
+			if active == 0 && !idleStart.IsZero() {
+				elapsed += started[0].Sub(idleStart)
+			}
+			active++
+			started = started[1:]
+			continue
+		}
+
+		active--
+		if active == 0 {
+			idleStart = completed[0]
+		}
+		completed = completed[1:]
+	}
+	return elapsed
+}

util/progress/metricwriter_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package progress
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestCalculateIdleTime(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range []struct {
+		started   []int64
+		completed []int64
+		ms        int64
+	}{
+		{
+			started:   []int64{0, 1, 3},
+			completed: []int64{2, 10, 5},
+			ms:        0,
+		},
+		{
+			started:   []int64{0, 3},
+			completed: []int64{2, 5},
+			ms:        1,
+		},
+		{
+			started:   []int64{3, 0, 7},
+			completed: []int64{5, 2, 10},
+			ms:        3,
+		},
+	} {
+		started := unixMillis(tt.started...)
+		completed := unixMillis(tt.completed...)
+
+		actual := int64(calculateIdleTime(started, completed) / time.Millisecond)
+		assert.Equal(t, tt.ms, actual)
+	}
+}
+
+func unixMillis(ts ...int64) []time.Time {
+	times := make([]time.Time, len(ts))
+	for i, ms := range ts {
+		times[i] = time.UnixMilli(ms)
+	}
+	return times
+}

util/progress/printer.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/containerd/console"
-	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/confutil"
 	"github.com/docker/buildx/util/logutil"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/client"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/util/progress/progressui"
@@ -176,9 +175,7 @@ func WithDesc(text string, console string) PrinterOpt {
 
 func WithMetrics(mp metric.MeterProvider, attrs attribute.Set) PrinterOpt {
 	return func(opt *printerOpts) {
-		if confutil.IsExperimental() {
-			opt.mw = newMetrics(mp, attrs)
-		}
+		opt.mw = newMetrics(mp, attrs)
 	}
 }
 

util/progress/writer.go

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ type Writer interface {
 	ClearLogSource(interface{})
 }
 
-func Write(w Writer, name string, f func() error) {
+func Write(w Writer, name string, f func() error) error {
 	dgst := digest.FromBytes([]byte(identity.NewID()))
 	tm := time.Now()
 
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ func Write(w Writer, name string, f func() error) {
 	w.Write(&client.SolveStatus{
 		Vertexes: []*client.Vertex{&vtx2},
 	})
+
+	return err
 }
 
 func WriteBuildRef(w Writer, target string, ref string) {

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/cli/options.go

@@ -217,7 +217,10 @@ func WithLoadOptions(loadOptions ...func(*loader.Options)) ProjectOptionsFn {
 // profiles specified via the COMPOSE_PROFILES environment variable otherwise.
 func WithDefaultProfiles(profile ...string) ProjectOptionsFn {
 	if len(profile) == 0 {
-		profile = strings.Split(os.Getenv(consts.ComposeProfiles), ",")
+		for _, s := range strings.Split(os.Getenv(consts.ComposeProfiles), ",") {
+			profile = append(profile, strings.TrimSpace(s))
+		}
+
 	}
 	return WithProfiles(profile)
 }
@@ -379,7 +382,7 @@ var DefaultFileNames = []string{"compose.yaml", "compose.yml", "docker-compose.y
 // DefaultOverrideFileNames defines the Compose override file names for auto-discovery (in order of preference)
 var DefaultOverrideFileNames = []string{"compose.override.yml", "compose.override.yaml", "docker-compose.override.yml", "docker-compose.override.yaml"}
 
-func (o ProjectOptions) GetWorkingDir() (string, error) {
+func (o *ProjectOptions) GetWorkingDir() (string, error) {
 	if o.WorkingDir != "" {
 		return filepath.Abs(o.WorkingDir)
 	}
@@ -395,7 +398,7 @@ func (o ProjectOptions) GetWorkingDir() (string, error) {
 	return os.Getwd()
 }
 
-func (o ProjectOptions) GeConfigFiles() ([]types.ConfigFile, error) {
+func (o *ProjectOptions) GeConfigFiles() ([]types.ConfigFile, error) {
 	configPaths, err := o.getConfigPaths()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -427,39 +430,66 @@ func (o ProjectOptions) GeConfigFiles() ([]types.ConfigFile, error) {
 	return configs, err
 }
 
-// ProjectFromOptions load a compose project based on command line options
-func ProjectFromOptions(ctx context.Context, options *ProjectOptions) (*types.Project, error) {
-	configs, err := options.GeConfigFiles()
+// LoadProject loads compose file according to options and bind to types.Project go structs
+func (o *ProjectOptions) LoadProject(ctx context.Context) (*types.Project, error) {
+	configDetails, err := o.prepare()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	workingDir, err := options.GetWorkingDir()
+	project, err := loader.LoadWithContext(ctx, configDetails, o.loadOptions...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	options.loadOptions = append(options.loadOptions,
-		withNamePrecedenceLoad(workingDir, options),
-		withConvertWindowsPaths(options),
-		withListeners(options))
-
-	project, err := loader.LoadWithContext(ctx, types.ConfigDetails{
-		ConfigFiles: configs,
-		WorkingDir:  workingDir,
-		Environment: options.Environment,
-	}, options.loadOptions...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	for _, config := range configs {
+	for _, config := range configDetails.ConfigFiles {
 		project.ComposeFiles = append(project.ComposeFiles, config.Filename)
 	}
 
 	return project, nil
 }
 
+// LoadModel loads compose file according to options and returns a raw (yaml tree) model
+func (o *ProjectOptions) LoadModel(ctx context.Context) (map[string]any, error) {
+	configDetails, err := o.prepare()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return loader.LoadModelWithContext(ctx, configDetails, o.loadOptions...)
+}
+
+// prepare converts ProjectOptions into loader's types.ConfigDetails and configures default load options
+func (o *ProjectOptions) prepare() (types.ConfigDetails, error) {
+	configs, err := o.GeConfigFiles()
+	if err != nil {
+		return types.ConfigDetails{}, err
+	}
+
+	workingDir, err := o.GetWorkingDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return types.ConfigDetails{}, err
+	}
+
+	configDetails := types.ConfigDetails{
+		ConfigFiles: configs,
+		WorkingDir:  workingDir,
+		Environment: o.Environment,
+	}
+
+	o.loadOptions = append(o.loadOptions,
+		withNamePrecedenceLoad(workingDir, o),
+		withConvertWindowsPaths(o),
+		withListeners(o))
+	return configDetails, nil
+}
+
+// ProjectFromOptions load a compose project based on command line options
+// Deprecated: use ProjectOptions.LoadProject or ProjectOptions.LoadModel
+func ProjectFromOptions(ctx context.Context, options *ProjectOptions) (*types.Project, error) {
+	return options.LoadProject(ctx)
+}
+
 func withNamePrecedenceLoad(absWorkingDir string, options *ProjectOptions) func(*loader.Options) {
 	return func(opts *loader.Options) {
 		if options.Name != "" {

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/errdefs/errors.go

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ var (
 
 	// ErrIncompatible is returned when a compose project uses an incompatible attribute
 	ErrIncompatible = errors.New("incompatible attribute")
+
+	// ErrDisabled is returned when a resource was found in model but is disabled
+	ErrDisabled = errors.New("disabled")
 )
 
 // IsNotFoundError returns true if the unwrapped error is ErrNotFound

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/graph/cycle.go

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+   Copyright 2020 The Compose Specification Authors.
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package graph
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/types"
+	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/utils"
+	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
+)
+
+// CheckCycle analyze project's depends_on relation and report an error on cycle detection
+func CheckCycle(project *types.Project) error {
+	g, err := newGraph(project)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return g.checkCycle()
+}
+
+func (g *graph[T]) checkCycle() error {
+	// iterate on vertices in a name-order to render a predicable error message
+	// this is required by tests and enforce command reproducibility by user, which otherwise could be confusing
+	names := utils.MapKeys(g.vertices)
+	for _, name := range names {
+		err := searchCycle([]string{name}, g.vertices[name])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func searchCycle[T any](path []string, v *vertex[T]) error {
+	names := utils.MapKeys(v.children)
+	for _, name := range names {
+		if i := slices.Index(path, name); i > 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("dependency cycle detected: %s", strings.Join(path[i:], " -> "))
+		}
+		ch := v.children[name]
+		err := searchCycle(append(path, name), ch)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/graph/graph.go

@@ -16,14 +16,6 @@
 
 package graph
 
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/utils"
-	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
-)
-
 // graph represents project as service dependencies
 type graph[T any] struct {
 	vertices map[string]*vertex[T]
@@ -72,34 +64,6 @@ func (g *graph[T]) leaves() []*vertex[T] {
 	return res
 }
 
-func (g *graph[T]) checkCycle() error {
-	// iterate on vertices in a name-order to render a predicable error message
-	// this is required by tests and enforce command reproducibility by user, which otherwise could be confusing
-	names := utils.MapKeys(g.vertices)
-	for _, name := range names {
-		err := searchCycle([]string{name}, g.vertices[name])
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func searchCycle[T any](path []string, v *vertex[T]) error {
-	names := utils.MapKeys(v.children)
-	for _, name := range names {
-		if i := slices.Index(path, name); i > 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("dependency cycle detected: %s", strings.Join(path[i:], " -> "))
-		}
-		ch := v.children[name]
-		err := searchCycle(append(path, name), ch)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 // descendents return all descendents for a vertex, might contain duplicates
 func (v *vertex[T]) descendents() []string {
 	var vx []string

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/loader/extends.go

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/consts"
 	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/override"
@@ -106,11 +105,6 @@ func applyServiceExtends(ctx context.Context, name string, services map[string]a
 	}
 	source := deepClone(base).(map[string]any)
 
-	err = validateExtendSource(source, ref)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	for _, processor := range post {
 		processor.Apply(map[string]any{
 			"services": map[string]any{
@@ -127,30 +121,6 @@ func applyServiceExtends(ctx context.Context, name string, services map[string]a
 	return merged, nil
 }
 
-// validateExtendSource check the source for `extends` doesn't refer to another container/service
-func validateExtendSource(source map[string]any, ref string) error {
-	forbidden := []string{"links", "volumes_from", "depends_on"}
-	for _, key := range forbidden {
-		if _, ok := source[key]; ok {
-			return fmt.Errorf("service %q can't be used with `extends` as it declare `%s`", ref, key)
-		}
-	}
-
-	sharedNamespace := []string{"network_mode", "ipc", "pid", "net", "cgroup", "userns_mode", "uts"}
-	for _, key := range sharedNamespace {
-		if v, ok := source[key]; ok {
-			val := v.(string)
-			if strings.HasPrefix(val, types.ContainerPrefix) {
-				return fmt.Errorf("service %q can't be used with `extends` as it shares `%s` with another container", ref, key)
-			}
-			if strings.HasPrefix(val, types.ServicePrefix) {
-				return fmt.Errorf("service %q can't be used with `extends` as it shares `%s` with another service", ref, key)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 func getExtendsBaseFromFile(ctx context.Context, name string, path string, opts *Options, ct *cycleTracker) (map[string]any, error) {
 	for _, loader := range opts.ResourceLoaders {
 		if !loader.Accept(path) {

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/loader/include.go

@@ -60,43 +60,41 @@ func ApplyInclude(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, model
 			})
 		}
 
+		var relworkingdir string
 		for i, p := range r.Path {
 			for _, loader := range options.ResourceLoaders {
-				if loader.Accept(p) {
-					path, err := loader.Load(ctx, p)
-					if err != nil {
-						return err
+				if !loader.Accept(p) {
+					continue
+				}
+				path, err := loader.Load(ctx, p)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				p = path
+
+				if i == 0 { // This is the "main" file, used to define project-directory. Others are overrides
+					relworkingdir = loader.Dir(path)
+					if r.ProjectDirectory == "" {
+						r.ProjectDirectory = filepath.Dir(path)
+					}
+
+					for _, f := range included {
+						if f == path {
+							included = append(included, path)
+							return fmt.Errorf("include cycle detected:\n%s\n include %s", included[0], strings.Join(included[1:], "\n include "))
+						}
 					}
-					p = path
-					break
 				}
 			}
 			r.Path[i] = p
 		}
 
-		mainFile := r.Path[0]
-		for _, f := range included {
-			if f == mainFile {
-				included = append(included, mainFile)
-				return fmt.Errorf("include cycle detected:\n%s\n include %s", included[0], strings.Join(included[1:], "\n include "))
-			}
-		}
-
-		if r.ProjectDirectory == "" {
-			r.ProjectDirectory = filepath.Dir(mainFile)
-		}
-		relworkingdir, err := filepath.Rel(configDetails.WorkingDir, r.ProjectDirectory)
-		if err != nil {
-			// included file path is not inside project working directory => use absolute path
-			relworkingdir = r.ProjectDirectory
-		}
-
 		loadOptions := options.clone()
 		loadOptions.ResolvePaths = true
 		loadOptions.SkipNormalization = true
 		loadOptions.SkipConsistencyCheck = true
 		loadOptions.ResourceLoaders = append(loadOptions.RemoteResourceLoaders(), localResourceLoader{
-			WorkingDir: relworkingdir,
+			WorkingDir: r.ProjectDirectory,
 		})
 
 		if len(r.EnvFile) == 0 {

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/loader/loader.go

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/validation"
 	"github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
@@ -84,6 +85,15 @@ type Options struct {
 	Listeners []Listener
 }
 
+var versionWarning []string
+
+func (o *Options) warnObsoleteVersion(file string) {
+	if !slices.Contains(versionWarning, file) {
+		logrus.Warning(fmt.Sprintf("%s: `version` is obsolete", file))
+	}
+	versionWarning = append(versionWarning, file)
+}
+
 type Listener = func(event string, metadata map[string]any)
 
 // Invoke all listeners for an event
@@ -285,12 +295,45 @@ func Load(configDetails types.ConfigDetails, options ...func(*Options)) (*types.
 	return LoadWithContext(context.Background(), configDetails, options...)
 }
 
-// LoadWithContext reads a ConfigDetails and returns a fully loaded configuration
+// LoadWithContext reads a ConfigDetails and returns a fully loaded configuration as a compose-go Project
 func LoadWithContext(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, options ...func(*Options)) (*types.Project, error) {
+	opts := toOptions(&configDetails, options)
+	dict, err := loadModelWithContext(ctx, &configDetails, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return modelToProject(dict, opts, configDetails)
+}
+
+// LoadModelWithContext reads a ConfigDetails and returns a fully loaded configuration as a yaml dictionary
+func LoadModelWithContext(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, options ...func(*Options)) (map[string]any, error) {
+	opts := toOptions(&configDetails, options)
+	return loadModelWithContext(ctx, &configDetails, opts)
+}
+
+// LoadModelWithContext reads a ConfigDetails and returns a fully loaded configuration as a yaml dictionary
+func loadModelWithContext(ctx context.Context, configDetails *types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options) (map[string]any, error) {
 	if len(configDetails.ConfigFiles) < 1 {
 		return nil, errors.New("No files specified")
 	}
 
+	err := projectName(*configDetails, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// TODO(milas): this should probably ALWAYS set (overriding any existing)
+	if _, ok := configDetails.Environment[consts.ComposeProjectName]; !ok && opts.projectName != "" {
+		if configDetails.Environment == nil {
+			configDetails.Environment = map[string]string{}
+		}
+		configDetails.Environment[consts.ComposeProjectName] = opts.projectName
+	}
+
+	return load(ctx, *configDetails, opts, nil)
+}
+
+func toOptions(configDetails *types.ConfigDetails, options []func(*Options)) *Options {
 	opts := &Options{
 		Interpolate: &interp.Options{
 			Substitute:      template.Substitute,
@@ -304,21 +347,7 @@ func LoadWithContext(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, opt
 		op(opts)
 	}
 	opts.ResourceLoaders = append(opts.ResourceLoaders, localResourceLoader{configDetails.WorkingDir})
-
-	err := projectName(configDetails, opts)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// TODO(milas): this should probably ALWAYS set (overriding any existing)
-	if _, ok := configDetails.Environment[consts.ComposeProjectName]; !ok && opts.projectName != "" {
-		if configDetails.Environment == nil {
-			configDetails.Environment = map[string]string{}
-		}
-		configDetails.Environment[consts.ComposeProjectName] = opts.projectName
-	}
-
-	return load(ctx, configDetails, opts, nil)
+	return opts
 }
 
 func loadYamlModel(ctx context.Context, config types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options, ct *cycleTracker, included []string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
@@ -390,6 +419,10 @@ func loadYamlModel(ctx context.Context, config types.ConfigDetails, opts *Option
 				if err := schema.Validate(dict); err != nil {
 					return fmt.Errorf("validating %s: %w", file.Filename, err)
 				}
+				if _, ok := dict["version"]; ok {
+					opts.warnObsoleteVersion(file.Filename)
+					delete(dict, "version")
+				}
 			}
 
 			return err
@@ -458,7 +491,7 @@ func loadYamlModel(ctx context.Context, config types.ConfigDetails, opts *Option
 	return dict, nil
 }
 
-func load(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options, loaded []string) (*types.Project, error) {
+func load(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options, loaded []string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
 	mainFile := configDetails.ConfigFiles[0].Filename
 	for _, f := range loaded {
 		if f == mainFile {
@@ -481,6 +514,19 @@ func load(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options,
 		return nil, errors.New("project name must not be empty")
 	}
 
+	if !opts.SkipNormalization {
+		dict["name"] = opts.projectName
+		dict, err = Normalize(dict, configDetails.Environment)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return dict, nil
+}
+
+// modelToProject binds a canonical yaml dict into compose-go structs
+func modelToProject(dict map[string]interface{}, opts *Options, configDetails types.ConfigDetails) (*types.Project, error) {
 	project := &types.Project{
 		Name:        opts.projectName,
 		WorkingDir:  configDetails.WorkingDir,
@@ -488,6 +534,7 @@ func load(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options,
 	}
 	delete(dict, "name") // project name set by yaml must be identified by caller as opts.projectName
 
+	var err error
 	dict, err = processExtensions(dict, tree.NewPath(), opts.KnownExtensions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -498,13 +545,6 @@ func load(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options,
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if !opts.SkipNormalization {
-		err := Normalize(project)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-
 	if opts.ConvertWindowsPaths {
 		for i, service := range project.Services {
 			for j, volume := range service.Volumes {
@@ -514,6 +554,10 @@ func load(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options,
 		}
 	}
 
+	if project, err = project.WithProfiles(opts.Profiles); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	if !opts.SkipConsistencyCheck {
 		err := checkConsistency(project)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -521,17 +565,12 @@ func load(ctx context.Context, configDetails types.ConfigDetails, opts *Options,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if project, err = project.WithProfiles(opts.Profiles); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	if !opts.SkipResolveEnvironment {
 		project, err = project.WithServicesEnvironmentResolved(opts.discardEnvFiles)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-
 	return project, nil
 }
 

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/loader/normalize.go

@@ -18,266 +18,202 @@ package loader
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/errdefs"
 	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/types"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // Normalize compose project by moving deprecated attributes to their canonical position and injecting implicit defaults
-func Normalize(project *types.Project) error {
-	if project.Networks == nil {
-		project.Networks = make(map[string]types.NetworkConfig)
+func Normalize(dict map[string]any, env types.Mapping) (map[string]any, error) {
+	dict["networks"] = normalizeNetworks(dict)
+
+	if d, ok := dict["services"]; ok {
+		services := d.(map[string]any)
+		for name, s := range services {
+			service := s.(map[string]any)
+			_, hasNetworks := service["networks"]
+			_, hasNetworkMode := service["network_mode"]
+			if !hasNetworks && !hasNetworkMode {
+				// Service without explicit network attachment are implicitly exposed on default network
+				service["networks"] = map[string]any{"default": nil}
+			}
+
+			if service["pull_policy"] == types.PullPolicyIfNotPresent {
+				service["pull_policy"] = types.PullPolicyMissing
+			}
+
+			fn := func(s string) (string, bool) {
+				v, ok := env[s]
+				return v, ok
+			}
+
+			if b, ok := service["build"]; ok {
+				build := b.(map[string]any)
+				if build["context"] == nil {
+					build["context"] = "."
+				}
+				if build["dockerfile"] == nil && build["dockerfile_inline"] == nil {
+					build["dockerfile"] = "Dockerfile"
+				}
+
+				if a, ok := build["args"]; ok {
+					build["args"], _ = resolve(a, fn)
+				}
+
+				service["build"] = build
+			}
+
+			if e, ok := service["environment"]; ok {
+				service["environment"], _ = resolve(e, fn)
+			}
+
+			var dependsOn map[string]any
+			if d, ok := service["depends_on"]; ok {
+				dependsOn = d.(map[string]any)
+			} else {
+				dependsOn = map[string]any{}
+			}
+			if l, ok := service["links"]; ok {
+				links := l.([]any)
+				for _, e := range links {
+					link := e.(string)
+					parts := strings.Split(link, ":")
+					if len(parts) == 2 {
+						link = parts[0]
+					}
+					if _, ok := dependsOn[link]; !ok {
+						dependsOn[link] = map[string]any{
+							"condition": types.ServiceConditionStarted,
+							"restart":   true,
+							"required":  true,
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			for _, namespace := range []string{"network_mode", "ipc", "pid", "uts", "cgroup"} {
+				if n, ok := service[namespace]; ok {
+					ref := n.(string)
+					if strings.HasPrefix(ref, types.ServicePrefix) {
+						shared := ref[len(types.ServicePrefix):]
+						if _, ok := dependsOn[shared]; !ok {
+							dependsOn[shared] = map[string]any{
+								"condition": types.ServiceConditionStarted,
+								"restart":   true,
+								"required":  true,
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			if n, ok := service["volumes_from"]; ok {
+				volumesFrom := n.([]any)
+				for _, v := range volumesFrom {
+					vol := v.(string)
+					if !strings.HasPrefix(vol, types.ContainerPrefix) {
+						spec := strings.Split(vol, ":")
+						if _, ok := dependsOn[spec[0]]; !ok {
+							dependsOn[spec[0]] = map[string]any{
+								"condition": types.ServiceConditionStarted,
+								"restart":   false,
+								"required":  true,
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			if len(dependsOn) > 0 {
+				service["depends_on"] = dependsOn
+			}
+			services[name] = service
+		}
+		dict["services"] = services
 	}
 
-	// If not declared explicitly, Compose model involves an implicit "default" network
-	if _, ok := project.Networks["default"]; !ok {
-		project.Networks["default"] = types.NetworkConfig{}
-	}
+	setNameFromKey(dict)
 
-	for name, s := range project.Services {
-		if len(s.Networks) == 0 && s.NetworkMode == "" {
-			// Service without explicit network attachment are implicitly exposed on default network
-			s.Networks = map[string]*types.ServiceNetworkConfig{"default": nil}
-		}
-
-		if s.PullPolicy == types.PullPolicyIfNotPresent {
-			s.PullPolicy = types.PullPolicyMissing
-		}
-
-		fn := func(s string) (string, bool) {
-			v, ok := project.Environment[s]
-			return v, ok
-		}
-
-		if s.Build != nil {
-			if s.Build.Context == "" {
-				s.Build.Context = "."
-			}
-			if s.Build.Dockerfile == "" && s.Build.DockerfileInline == "" {
-				s.Build.Dockerfile = "Dockerfile"
-			}
-			s.Build.Args = s.Build.Args.Resolve(fn)
-		}
-		s.Environment = s.Environment.Resolve(fn)
-
-		for _, link := range s.Links {
-			parts := strings.Split(link, ":")
-			if len(parts) == 2 {
-				link = parts[0]
-			}
-			s.DependsOn = setIfMissing(s.DependsOn, link, types.ServiceDependency{
-				Condition: types.ServiceConditionStarted,
-				Restart:   true,
-				Required:  true,
-			})
-		}
-
-		for _, namespace := range []string{s.NetworkMode, s.Ipc, s.Pid, s.Uts, s.Cgroup} {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(namespace, types.ServicePrefix) {
-				name := namespace[len(types.ServicePrefix):]
-				s.DependsOn = setIfMissing(s.DependsOn, name, types.ServiceDependency{
-					Condition: types.ServiceConditionStarted,
-					Restart:   true,
-					Required:  true,
-				})
-			}
-		}
-
-		for _, vol := range s.VolumesFrom {
-			if !strings.HasPrefix(vol, types.ContainerPrefix) {
-				spec := strings.Split(vol, ":")
-				s.DependsOn = setIfMissing(s.DependsOn, spec[0], types.ServiceDependency{
-					Condition: types.ServiceConditionStarted,
-					Restart:   false,
-					Required:  true,
-				})
-			}
-		}
-
-		err := relocateLogDriver(&s)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		err = relocateLogOpt(&s)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		err = relocateDockerfile(&s)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		inferImplicitDependencies(&s)
-
-		project.Services[name] = s
-	}
-
-	setNameFromKey(project)
-
-	return nil
+	return dict, nil
 }
 
-// IsServiceDependency check the relation set by ref refers to a service
-func IsServiceDependency(ref string) (string, bool) {
-	if strings.HasPrefix(
-		ref,
-		types.ServicePrefix,
-	) {
-		return ref[len(types.ServicePrefix):], true
+func normalizeNetworks(dict map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	var networks map[string]any
+	if n, ok := dict["networks"]; ok {
+		networks = n.(map[string]any)
+	} else {
+		networks = map[string]any{}
 	}
-	return "", false
+	if _, ok := networks["default"]; !ok {
+		// If not declared explicitly, Compose model involves an implicit "default" network
+		networks["default"] = nil
+	}
+	return networks
 }
 
-func inferImplicitDependencies(service *types.ServiceConfig) {
-	var dependencies []string
-
-	maybeReferences := []string{
-		service.NetworkMode,
-		service.Ipc,
-		service.Pid,
-		service.Uts,
-		service.Cgroup,
-	}
-	for _, ref := range maybeReferences {
-		if dep, ok := IsServiceDependency(ref); ok {
-			dependencies = append(dependencies, dep)
-		}
-	}
-
-	for _, vol := range service.VolumesFrom {
-		spec := strings.Split(vol, ":")
-		if len(spec) == 0 {
-			continue
-		}
-		if spec[0] == "container" {
-			continue
-		}
-		dependencies = append(dependencies, spec[0])
-	}
-
-	for _, link := range service.Links {
-		dependencies = append(dependencies, strings.Split(link, ":")[0])
-	}
-
-	if len(dependencies) > 0 && service.DependsOn == nil {
-		service.DependsOn = make(types.DependsOnConfig)
-	}
-
-	for _, d := range dependencies {
-		if _, ok := service.DependsOn[d]; !ok {
-			service.DependsOn[d] = types.ServiceDependency{
-				Condition: types.ServiceConditionStarted,
-				Required:  true,
+func resolve(a any, fn func(s string) (string, bool)) (any, bool) {
+	switch v := a.(type) {
+	case []any:
+		var resolved []any
+		for _, val := range v {
+			if r, ok := resolve(val, fn); ok {
+				resolved = append(resolved, r)
 			}
 		}
+		return resolved, true
+	case map[string]any:
+		resolved := map[string]any{}
+		for key, val := range v {
+			if val != nil {
+				resolved[key] = val
+				continue
+			}
+			if s, ok := fn(key); ok {
+				resolved[key] = s
+			}
+		}
+		return resolved, true
+	case string:
+		if !strings.Contains(v, "=") {
+			if val, ok := fn(v); ok {
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", v, val), true
+			}
+			return "", false
+		}
+		return v, true
+	default:
+		return v, false
 	}
 }
 
-// setIfMissing adds a ServiceDependency for service if not already defined
-func setIfMissing(d types.DependsOnConfig, service string, dep types.ServiceDependency) types.DependsOnConfig {
-	if d == nil {
-		d = types.DependsOnConfig{}
-	}
-	if _, ok := d[service]; !ok {
-		d[service] = dep
-	}
-	return d
-}
-
 // Resources with no explicit name are actually named by their key in map
-func setNameFromKey(project *types.Project) {
-	for key, n := range project.Networks {
-		if n.Name == "" {
-			if n.External {
-				n.Name = key
-			} else {
-				n.Name = fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", project.Name, key)
-			}
-			project.Networks[key] = n
+func setNameFromKey(dict map[string]any) {
+	for _, r := range []string{"networks", "volumes", "configs", "secrets"} {
+		a, ok := dict[r]
+		if !ok {
+			continue
 		}
-	}
-
-	for key, v := range project.Volumes {
-		if v.Name == "" {
-			if v.External {
-				v.Name = key
+		toplevel := a.(map[string]any)
+		for key, r := range toplevel {
+			var resource map[string]any
+			if r != nil {
+				resource = r.(map[string]any)
 			} else {
-				v.Name = fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", project.Name, key)
+				resource = map[string]any{}
 			}
-			project.Volumes[key] = v
-		}
-	}
-
-	for key, c := range project.Configs {
-		if c.Name == "" {
-			if c.External {
-				c.Name = key
-			} else {
-				c.Name = fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", project.Name, key)
+			if resource["name"] == nil {
+				if x, ok := resource["external"]; ok && isTrue(x) {
+					resource["name"] = key
+				} else {
+					resource["name"] = fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", dict["name"], key)
+				}
 			}
-			project.Configs[key] = c
-		}
-	}
-
-	for key, s := range project.Secrets {
-		if s.Name == "" {
-			if s.External {
-				s.Name = key
-			} else {
-				s.Name = fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", project.Name, key)
-			}
-			project.Secrets[key] = s
+			toplevel[key] = resource
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func relocateLogOpt(s *types.ServiceConfig) error {
-	if len(s.LogOpt) != 0 {
-		logrus.Warn("`log_opts` is deprecated. Use the `logging` element")
-		if s.Logging == nil {
-			s.Logging = &types.LoggingConfig{}
-		}
-		for k, v := range s.LogOpt {
-			if _, ok := s.Logging.Options[k]; !ok {
-				s.Logging.Options[k] = v
-			} else {
-				return fmt.Errorf("can't use both 'log_opt' (deprecated) and 'logging.options': %w", errdefs.ErrInvalid)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func relocateLogDriver(s *types.ServiceConfig) error {
-	if s.LogDriver != "" {
-		logrus.Warn("`log_driver` is deprecated. Use the `logging` element")
-		if s.Logging == nil {
-			s.Logging = &types.LoggingConfig{}
-		}
-		if s.Logging.Driver == "" {
-			s.Logging.Driver = s.LogDriver
-		} else {
-			return fmt.Errorf("can't use both 'log_driver' (deprecated) and 'logging.driver': %w", errdefs.ErrInvalid)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func relocateDockerfile(s *types.ServiceConfig) error {
-	if s.Dockerfile != "" {
-		logrus.Warn("`dockerfile` is deprecated. Use the `build` element")
-		if s.Build == nil {
-			s.Build = &types.BuildConfig{}
-		}
-		if s.Dockerfile == "" {
-			s.Build.Dockerfile = s.Dockerfile
-		} else {
-			return fmt.Errorf("can't use both 'dockerfile' (deprecated) and 'build.dockerfile': %w", errdefs.ErrInvalid)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
+func isTrue(x any) bool {
+	parseBool, _ := strconv.ParseBool(fmt.Sprint(x))
+	return parseBool
 }

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/loader/validate.go

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 package loader
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
@@ -71,17 +70,14 @@ func checkConsistency(project *types.Project) error {
 			}
 		}
 
-		for dependedService := range s.DependsOn {
+		for dependedService, cfg := range s.DependsOn {
 			if _, err := project.GetService(dependedService); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("service %q depends on undefined service %s: %w", s.Name, dependedService, errdefs.ErrInvalid)
+				if errors.Is(err, errdefs.ErrDisabled) && !cfg.Required {
+					continue
+				}
+				return fmt.Errorf("service %q depends on undefined service %q: %w", s.Name, dependedService, errdefs.ErrInvalid)
 			}
 		}
-		// Check there isn't a cycle in depends_on declarations
-		if err := graph.InDependencyOrder(context.Background(), project, func(ctx context.Context, s string, config types.ServiceConfig) error {
-			return nil
-		}); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
 
 		if strings.HasPrefix(s.NetworkMode, types.ServicePrefix) {
 			serviceName := s.NetworkMode[len(types.ServicePrefix):]
@@ -124,6 +120,31 @@ func checkConsistency(project *types.Project) error {
 			s.Deploy.Replicas = s.Scale
 		}
 
+		if s.CPUS != 0 && s.Deploy != nil {
+			if s.Deploy.Resources.Limits != nil && s.Deploy.Resources.Limits.NanoCPUs.Value() != s.CPUS {
+				return fmt.Errorf("services.%s: can't set distinct values on 'cpus' and 'deploy.resources.limits.cpus': %w",
+					s.Name, errdefs.ErrInvalid)
+			}
+		}
+		if s.MemLimit != 0 && s.Deploy != nil {
+			if s.Deploy.Resources.Limits != nil && s.Deploy.Resources.Limits.MemoryBytes != s.MemLimit {
+				return fmt.Errorf("services.%s: can't set distinct values on 'mem_limit' and 'deploy.resources.limits.memory': %w",
+					s.Name, errdefs.ErrInvalid)
+			}
+		}
+		if s.MemReservation != 0 && s.Deploy != nil {
+			if s.Deploy.Resources.Reservations != nil && s.Deploy.Resources.Reservations.MemoryBytes != s.MemReservation {
+				return fmt.Errorf("services.%s: can't set distinct values on 'mem_reservation' and 'deploy.resources.reservations.memory': %w",
+					s.Name, errdefs.ErrInvalid)
+			}
+		}
+		if s.PidsLimit != 0 && s.Deploy != nil {
+			if s.Deploy.Resources.Limits != nil && s.Deploy.Resources.Limits.Pids != s.PidsLimit {
+				return fmt.Errorf("services.%s: can't set distinct values on 'pids_limit' and 'deploy.resources.limits.pids': %w",
+					s.Name, errdefs.ErrInvalid)
+			}
+		}
+
 		if s.ContainerName != "" {
 			if existing, ok := containerNames[s.ContainerName]; ok {
 				return fmt.Errorf(`"services.%s": container name "%s" is already in use by "services.%s": %w`, s.Name, s.ContainerName, existing, errdefs.ErrInvalid)
@@ -159,5 +180,5 @@ func checkConsistency(project *types.Project) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	return graph.CheckCycle(project)
 }

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/schema/compose-spec.json

@@ -322,11 +322,13 @@
               {
                 "type": "object",
                 "properties": {
+                  "name": {"type": "string"},
                   "mode": {"type": "string"},
                   "host_ip": {"type": "string"},
                   "target": {"type": "integer"},
                   "published": {"type": ["string", "integer"]},
-                  "protocol": {"type": "string"}
+                  "protocol": {"type": "string"},
+                  "app_protocol": {"type": "string"}
                 },
                 "additionalProperties": false,
                 "patternProperties": {"^x-": {}}
@@ -389,7 +391,8 @@
                   "volume": {
                     "type": "object",
                     "properties": {
-                      "nocopy": {"type": "boolean"}
+                      "nocopy": {"type": "boolean"},
+                      "subpath": {"type": "string"}
                     },
                     "additionalProperties": false,
                     "patternProperties": {"^x-": {}}

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/template/template.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ var patternString = fmt.Sprintf(
 	groupInvalid,
 )
 
-var defaultPattern = regexp.MustCompile(patternString)
+var DefaultPattern = regexp.MustCompile(patternString)
 
 // InvalidTemplateError is returned when a variable template is not in a valid
 // format
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func SubstituteWithOptions(template string, mapping Mapping, options ...Option)
 	var returnErr error
 
 	cfg := &Config{
-		pattern:         defaultPattern,
+		pattern:         DefaultPattern,
 		replacementFunc: DefaultReplacementFunc,
 		logging:         true,
 	}
@@ -268,14 +268,14 @@ func getFirstBraceClosingIndex(s string) int {
 
 // Substitute variables in the string with their values
 func Substitute(template string, mapping Mapping) (string, error) {
-	return SubstituteWith(template, mapping, defaultPattern)
+	return SubstituteWith(template, mapping, DefaultPattern)
 }
 
 // ExtractVariables returns a map of all the variables defined in the specified
 // composefile (dict representation) and their default value if any.
 func ExtractVariables(configDict map[string]interface{}, pattern *regexp.Regexp) map[string]Variable {
 	if pattern == nil {
-		pattern = defaultPattern
+		pattern = DefaultPattern
 	}
 	return recurseExtract(configDict, pattern)
 }

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/types/project.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package types
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 
 	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/dotenv"
+	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/errdefs"
 	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/utils"
 	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/mitchellh/copystructure"
@@ -215,9 +217,9 @@ func (p *Project) GetService(name string) (ServiceConfig, error) {
 	if !ok {
 		_, ok := p.DisabledServices[name]
 		if ok {
-			return ServiceConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("service %s is disabled", name)
+			return ServiceConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("no such service: %s: %w", name, errdefs.ErrDisabled)
 		}
-		return ServiceConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("no such service: %s", name)
+		return ServiceConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("no such service: %s: %w", name, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
 	}
 	return service, nil
 }
@@ -331,6 +333,9 @@ func (s ServiceConfig) HasProfile(profiles []string) bool {
 		return true
 	}
 	for _, p := range profiles {
+		if p == "*" {
+			return true
+		}
 		for _, sp := range s.Profiles {
 			if sp == p {
 				return true
@@ -344,11 +349,6 @@ func (s ServiceConfig) HasProfile(profiles []string) bool {
 // It returns a new Project instance with the changes and keep the original Project unchanged
 func (p *Project) WithProfiles(profiles []string) (*Project, error) {
 	newProject := p.deepCopy()
-	for _, p := range profiles {
-		if p == "*" {
-			return newProject, nil
-		}
-	}
 	enabled := Services{}
 	disabled := Services{}
 	for name, service := range newProject.AllServices() {
@@ -536,39 +536,29 @@ func (p *Project) WithServicesDisabled(names ...string) *Project {
 // WithImagesResolved updates services images to include digest computed by a resolver function
 // It returns a new Project instance with the changes and keep the original Project unchanged
 func (p *Project) WithImagesResolved(resolver func(named reference.Named) (godigest.Digest, error)) (*Project, error) {
-	newProject := p.deepCopy()
-	eg := errgroup.Group{}
-	for i, s := range newProject.Services {
-		idx := i
-		service := s
-
+	return p.WithServicesTransform(func(name string, service ServiceConfig) (ServiceConfig, error) {
 		if service.Image == "" {
-			continue
+			return service, nil
 		}
-		eg.Go(func() error {
-			named, err := reference.ParseDockerRef(service.Image)
+		named, err := reference.ParseDockerRef(service.Image)
+		if err != nil {
+			return service, err
+		}
+
+		if _, ok := named.(reference.Canonical); !ok {
+			// image is named but not digested reference
+			digest, err := resolver(named)
 			if err != nil {
-				return err
+				return service, err
 			}
-
-			if _, ok := named.(reference.Canonical); !ok {
-				// image is named but not digested reference
-				digest, err := resolver(named)
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-				named, err = reference.WithDigest(named, digest)
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
+			named, err = reference.WithDigest(named, digest)
+			if err != nil {
+				return service, err
 			}
-
-			service.Image = named.String()
-			newProject.Services[idx] = service
-			return nil
-		})
-	}
-	return newProject, eg.Wait()
+		}
+		service.Image = named.String()
+		return service, nil
+	})
 }
 
 // MarshalYAML marshal Project into a yaml tree
@@ -606,7 +596,7 @@ func (p *Project) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	for k, v := range p.Extensions {
 		m[k] = v
 	}
-	return json.Marshal(m)
+	return json.MarshalIndent(m, "", "  ")
 }
 
 // WithServicesEnvironmentResolved parses env_files set for services to resolve the actual environment map for services
@@ -662,3 +652,47 @@ func (p *Project) deepCopy() *Project {
 	}
 	return instance.(*Project)
 }
+
+// WithServicesTransform applies a transformation to project services and return a new project with transformation results
+func (p *Project) WithServicesTransform(fn func(name string, s ServiceConfig) (ServiceConfig, error)) (*Project, error) {
+	type result struct {
+		name    string
+		service ServiceConfig
+	}
+	resultCh := make(chan result)
+	newProject := p.deepCopy()
+
+	eg, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(context.Background())
+	eg.Go(func() error {
+		expect := len(newProject.Services)
+		s := Services{}
+		for expect > 0 {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				// interrupted as some goroutine returned an error
+				return nil
+			case r := <-resultCh:
+				s[r.name] = r.service
+				expect--
+			}
+		}
+		newProject.Services = s
+		return nil
+	})
+	for n, s := range newProject.Services {
+		name := n
+		service := s
+		eg.Go(func() error {
+			updated, err := fn(name, service)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			resultCh <- result{
+				name:    name,
+				service: updated,
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
+	}
+	return newProject, eg.Wait()
+}

vendor/github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/types/types.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"sort"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/docker/go-connections/nat"
@@ -365,7 +366,7 @@ type Resources struct {
 // Resource is a resource to be limited or reserved
 type Resource struct {
 	// TODO: types to convert from units and ratios
-	NanoCPUs         string            `yaml:"cpus,omitempty" json:"cpus,omitempty"`
+	NanoCPUs         NanoCPUs          `yaml:"cpus,omitempty" json:"cpus,omitempty"`
 	MemoryBytes      UnitBytes         `yaml:"memory,omitempty" json:"memory,omitempty"`
 	Pids             int64             `yaml:"pids,omitempty" json:"pids,omitempty"`
 	Devices          []DeviceRequest   `yaml:"devices,omitempty" json:"devices,omitempty"`
@@ -374,6 +375,30 @@ type Resource struct {
 	Extensions Extensions `yaml:"#extensions,inline,omitempty" json:"-"`
 }
 
+type NanoCPUs float32
+
+func (n *NanoCPUs) DecodeMapstructure(a any) error {
+	switch v := a.(type) {
+	case string:
+		f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(v, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		*n = NanoCPUs(f)
+	case float32:
+		*n = NanoCPUs(v)
+	case float64:
+		*n = NanoCPUs(v)
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected value type %T for cpus", v)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (n *NanoCPUs) Value() float32 {
+	return float32(*n)
+}
+
 // GenericResource represents a "user defined" resource which can
 // only be an integer (e.g: SSD=3) for a service
 type GenericResource struct {
@@ -433,11 +458,13 @@ type ServiceNetworkConfig struct {
 
 // ServicePortConfig is the port configuration for a service
 type ServicePortConfig struct {
-	Mode      string `yaml:"mode,omitempty" json:"mode,omitempty"`
-	HostIP    string `yaml:"host_ip,omitempty" json:"host_ip,omitempty"`
-	Target    uint32 `yaml:"target,omitempty" json:"target,omitempty"`
-	Published string `yaml:"published,omitempty" json:"published,omitempty"`
-	Protocol  string `yaml:"protocol,omitempty" json:"protocol,omitempty"`
+	Name        string `yaml:"name,omitempty" json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Mode        string `yaml:"mode,omitempty" json:"mode,omitempty"`
+	HostIP      string `yaml:"host_ip,omitempty" json:"host_ip,omitempty"`
+	Target      uint32 `yaml:"target,omitempty" json:"target,omitempty"`
+	Published   string `yaml:"published,omitempty" json:"published,omitempty"`
+	Protocol    string `yaml:"protocol,omitempty" json:"protocol,omitempty"`
+	AppProtocol string `yaml:"app_protocol,omitempty" json:"app_protocol,omitempty"`
 
 	Extensions Extensions `yaml:"#extensions,inline,omitempty" json:"-"`
 }
@@ -511,6 +538,9 @@ func (s ServiceVolumeConfig) String() string {
 	if s.Volume != nil && s.Volume.NoCopy {
 		options = append(options, "nocopy")
 	}
+	if s.Volume != nil && s.Volume.Subpath != "" {
+		options = append(options, s.Volume.Subpath)
+	}
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%s", s.Source, s.Target, strings.Join(options, ","))
 }
 
@@ -567,7 +597,8 @@ const (
 
 // ServiceVolumeVolume are options for a service volume of type volume
 type ServiceVolumeVolume struct {
-	NoCopy bool `yaml:"nocopy,omitempty" json:"nocopy,omitempty"`
+	NoCopy  bool   `yaml:"nocopy,omitempty" json:"nocopy,omitempty"`
+	Subpath string `yaml:"subpath,omitempty" json:"subpath,omitempty"`
 
 	Extensions Extensions `yaml:"#extensions,inline,omitempty" json:"-"`
 }

vendor/github.com/containerd/containerd/content/helpers.go

@@ -31,9 +31,6 @@ import (
 	ocispec "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 )
 
-// maxResets is the no.of times the Copy() method can tolerate a reset of the body
-const maxResets = 5
-
 var ErrReset = errors.New("writer has been reset")
 
 var bufPool = sync.Pool{
@@ -160,7 +157,7 @@ func Copy(ctx context.Context, cw Writer, or io.Reader, size int64, expected dig
 		}
 	}
 
-	for i := 0; i < maxResets; i++ {
+	for i := 0; ; i++ {
 		if i >= 1 {
 			log.G(ctx).WithField("digest", expected).Debugf("retrying copy due to reset")
 		}
@@ -201,9 +198,6 @@ func Copy(ctx context.Context, cw Writer, or io.Reader, size int64, expected dig
 		}
 		return nil
 	}
-
-	log.G(ctx).WithField("digest", expected).Errorf("failed to copy after %d retries", maxResets)
-	return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy after %d retries", maxResets)
 }
 
 // CopyReaderAt copies to a writer from a given reader at for the given

vendor/github.com/containerd/containerd/images/archive/exporter.go

@@ -471,6 +471,7 @@ func ociIndexRecord(manifests []ocispec.Descriptor) tarRecord {
 		Versioned: ocispecs.Versioned{
 			SchemaVersion: 2,
 		},
+		MediaType: ocispec.MediaTypeImageIndex,
 		Manifests: manifests,
 	}
 

vendor/github.com/containerd/containerd/remotes/docker/pusher.go

@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ func (p dockerPusher) push(ctx context.Context, desc ocispec.Descriptor, ref str
 	req.body = func() (io.ReadCloser, error) {
 		pr, pw := io.Pipe()
 		pushw.setPipe(pw)
-		return io.NopCloser(pr), nil
+		return pr, nil
 	}
 	req.size = desc.Size
 
@@ -292,7 +292,6 @@ func (p dockerPusher) push(ctx context.Context, desc ocispec.Descriptor, ref str
 		resp, err := req.doWithRetries(ctx, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			pushw.setError(err)
-			pushw.Close()
 			return
 		}
 
@@ -302,7 +301,7 @@ func (p dockerPusher) push(ctx context.Context, desc ocispec.Descriptor, ref str
 			err := remoteserrors.NewUnexpectedStatusErr(resp)
 			log.G(ctx).WithField("resp", resp).WithField("body", string(err.(remoteserrors.ErrUnexpectedStatus).Body)).Debug("unexpected response")
 			pushw.setError(err)
-			pushw.Close()
+			return
 		}
 		pushw.setResponse(resp)
 	}()
@@ -335,10 +334,12 @@ type pushWriter struct {
 
 	pipe *io.PipeWriter
 
-	pipeC     chan *io.PipeWriter
-	respC     chan *http.Response
+	done      chan struct{}
 	closeOnce sync.Once
-	errC      chan error
+
+	pipeC chan *io.PipeWriter
+	respC chan *http.Response
+	errC  chan error
 
 	isManifest bool
 
@@ -356,19 +357,51 @@ func newPushWriter(db *dockerBase, ref string, expected digest.Digest, tracker S
 		pipeC:      make(chan *io.PipeWriter, 1),
 		respC:      make(chan *http.Response, 1),
 		errC:       make(chan error, 1),
+		done:       make(chan struct{}),
 		isManifest: isManifest,
 	}
 }
 
 func (pw *pushWriter) setPipe(p *io.PipeWriter) {
-	pw.pipeC <- p
+	select {
+	case <-pw.done:
+	case pw.pipeC <- p:
+	}
 }
 
 func (pw *pushWriter) setError(err error) {
-	pw.errC <- err
+	select {
+	case <-pw.done:
+	case pw.errC <- err:
+	}
 }
+
 func (pw *pushWriter) setResponse(resp *http.Response) {
-	pw.respC <- resp
+	select {
+	case <-pw.done:
+	case pw.respC <- resp:
+	}
+}
+
+func (pw *pushWriter) replacePipe(p *io.PipeWriter) error {
+	if pw.pipe == nil {
+		pw.pipe = p
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	pw.pipe.CloseWithError(content.ErrReset)
+	pw.pipe = p
+
+	// If content has already been written, the bytes
+	// cannot be written again and the caller must reset
+	status, err := pw.tracker.GetStatus(pw.ref)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	status.Offset = 0
+	status.UpdatedAt = time.Now()
+	pw.tracker.SetStatus(pw.ref, status)
+	return content.ErrReset
 }
 
 func (pw *pushWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
@@ -378,26 +411,18 @@ func (pw *pushWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	}
 
 	if pw.pipe == nil {
-		p, ok := <-pw.pipeC
-		if !ok {
+		select {
+		case <-pw.done:
 			return 0, io.ErrClosedPipe
+		case p := <-pw.pipeC:
+			pw.replacePipe(p)
 		}
-		pw.pipe = p
 	} else {
 		select {
-		case p, ok := <-pw.pipeC:
-			if !ok {
-				return 0, io.ErrClosedPipe
-			}
-			pw.pipe.CloseWithError(content.ErrReset)
-			pw.pipe = p
-
-			// If content has already been written, the bytes
-			// cannot be written and the caller must reset
-			status.Offset = 0
-			status.UpdatedAt = time.Now()
-			pw.tracker.SetStatus(pw.ref, status)
-			return 0, content.ErrReset
+		case <-pw.done:
+			return 0, io.ErrClosedPipe
+		case p := <-pw.pipeC:
+			return 0, pw.replacePipe(p)
 		default:
 		}
 	}
@@ -407,9 +432,13 @@ func (pw *pushWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 		// if the pipe is closed, we might have the original error on the error
 		// channel - so we should try and get it
 		select {
-		case err2 := <-pw.errC:
-			err = err2
-		default:
+		case <-pw.done:
+		case err = <-pw.errC:
+			pw.Close()
+		case p := <-pw.pipeC:
+			return 0, pw.replacePipe(p)
+		case resp := <-pw.respC:
+			pw.setResponse(resp)
 		}
 	}
 	status.Offset += int64(n)
@@ -422,7 +451,7 @@ func (pw *pushWriter) Close() error {
 	// Ensure pipeC is closed but handle `Close()` being
 	// called multiple times without panicking
 	pw.closeOnce.Do(func() {
-		close(pw.pipeC)
+		close(pw.done)
 	})
 	if pw.pipe != nil {
 		status, err := pw.tracker.GetStatus(pw.ref)
@@ -462,30 +491,18 @@ func (pw *pushWriter) Commit(ctx context.Context, size int64, expected digest.Di
 	// TODO: timeout waiting for response
 	var resp *http.Response
 	select {
+	case <-pw.done:
+		return io.ErrClosedPipe
 	case err := <-pw.errC:
+		pw.Close()
 		return err
 	case resp = <-pw.respC:
 		defer resp.Body.Close()
-	case p, ok := <-pw.pipeC:
+	case p := <-pw.pipeC:
 		// check whether the pipe has changed in the commit, because sometimes Write
 		// can complete successfully, but the pipe may have changed. In that case, the
 		// content needs to be reset.
-		if !ok {
-			return io.ErrClosedPipe
-		}
-		pw.pipe.CloseWithError(content.ErrReset)
-		pw.pipe = p
-
-		// If content has already been written, the bytes
-		// cannot be written again and the caller must reset
-		status, err := pw.tracker.GetStatus(pw.ref)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		status.Offset = 0
-		status.UpdatedAt = time.Now()
-		pw.tracker.SetStatus(pw.ref, status)
-		return content.ErrReset
+		return pw.replacePipe(p)
 	}
 
 	// 201 is specified return status, some registries return

vendor/github.com/containerd/containerd/version/version.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ var (
 	Package = "github.com/containerd/containerd"
 
 	// Version holds the complete version number. Filled in at linking time.
-	Version = "1.7.13+unknown"
+	Version = "1.7.15+unknown"
 
 	// Revision is filled with the VCS (e.g. git) revision being used to build
 	// the program at linking time.

vendor/github.com/containerd/ttrpc/client.go

@@ -71,6 +71,42 @@ func WithUnaryClientInterceptor(i UnaryClientInterceptor) ClientOpts {
 	}
 }
 
+// WithChainUnaryClientInterceptor sets the provided chain of client interceptors
+func WithChainUnaryClientInterceptor(interceptors ...UnaryClientInterceptor) ClientOpts {
+	return func(c *Client) {
+		if len(interceptors) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		if c.interceptor != nil {
+			interceptors = append([]UnaryClientInterceptor{c.interceptor}, interceptors...)
+		}
+		c.interceptor = func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			req *Request,
+			reply *Response,
+			info *UnaryClientInfo,
+			final Invoker,
+		) error {
+			return interceptors[0](ctx, req, reply, info,
+				chainUnaryInterceptors(interceptors[1:], final, info))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func chainUnaryInterceptors(interceptors []UnaryClientInterceptor, final Invoker, info *UnaryClientInfo) Invoker {
+	if len(interceptors) == 0 {
+		return final
+	}
+	return func(
+		ctx context.Context,
+		req *Request,
+		reply *Response,
+	) error {
+		return interceptors[0](ctx, req, reply, info,
+			chainUnaryInterceptors(interceptors[1:], final, info))
+	}
+}
+
 // NewClient creates a new ttrpc client using the given connection
 func NewClient(conn net.Conn, opts ...ClientOpts) *Client {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
@@ -85,13 +121,16 @@ func NewClient(conn net.Conn, opts ...ClientOpts) *Client {
 		ctx:             ctx,
 		userCloseFunc:   func() {},
 		userCloseWaitCh: make(chan struct{}),
-		interceptor:     defaultClientInterceptor,
 	}
 
 	for _, o := range opts {
 		o(c)
 	}
 
+	if c.interceptor == nil {
+		c.interceptor = defaultClientInterceptor
+	}
+
 	go c.run()
 	return c
 }
@@ -286,7 +325,7 @@ func (c *Client) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// UserOnCloseWait is used to blocks untils the user's on-close callback
+// UserOnCloseWait is used to block until the user's on-close callback
 // finishes.
 func (c *Client) UserOnCloseWait(ctx context.Context) error {
 	select {

vendor/github.com/containerd/ttrpc/config.go

@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@
 
 package ttrpc
 
-import "errors"
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+)
 
 type serverConfig struct {
 	handshaker  Handshaker
@@ -44,9 +47,40 @@ func WithServerHandshaker(handshaker Handshaker) ServerOpt {
 func WithUnaryServerInterceptor(i UnaryServerInterceptor) ServerOpt {
 	return func(c *serverConfig) error {
 		if c.interceptor != nil {
-			return errors.New("only one interceptor allowed per server")
+			return errors.New("only one unchained interceptor allowed per server")
 		}
 		c.interceptor = i
 		return nil
 	}
 }
+
+// WithChainUnaryServerInterceptor sets the provided chain of server interceptors
+func WithChainUnaryServerInterceptor(interceptors ...UnaryServerInterceptor) ServerOpt {
+	return func(c *serverConfig) error {
+		if len(interceptors) == 0 {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if c.interceptor != nil {
+			interceptors = append([]UnaryServerInterceptor{c.interceptor}, interceptors...)
+		}
+		c.interceptor = func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			unmarshal Unmarshaler,
+			info *UnaryServerInfo,
+			method Method) (interface{}, error) {
+			return interceptors[0](ctx, unmarshal, info,
+				chainUnaryServerInterceptors(info, method, interceptors[1:]))
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func chainUnaryServerInterceptors(info *UnaryServerInfo, method Method, interceptors []UnaryServerInterceptor) Method {
+	if len(interceptors) == 0 {
+		return method
+	}
+	return func(ctx context.Context, unmarshal func(interface{}) error) (interface{}, error) {
+		return interceptors[0](ctx, unmarshal, info,
+			chainUnaryServerInterceptors(info, method, interceptors[1:]))
+	}
+}

vendor/github.com/containerd/ttrpc/services.go

@@ -140,7 +140,11 @@ func (s *serviceSet) handle(ctx context.Context, req *Request, respond func(*sta
 			respond(st, p, stream.StreamingServer, true)
 		}()
 
-		if req.Payload != nil {
+		// Empty proto messages serialized to 0 payloads,
+		// so signatures like: rpc Stream(google.protobuf.Empty) returns (stream Data);
+		// don't get invoked here, which causes hang on client side.
+		// See https://github.com/containerd/ttrpc/issues/126
+		if req.Payload != nil || !info.StreamingClient {
 			unmarshal := func(obj interface{}) error {
 				return protoUnmarshal(req.Payload, obj)
 			}

vendor/github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/hooks/printer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package hooks
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/morikuni/aec"
+)
+
+func PrintNextSteps(out io.Writer, messages []string) {
+	if len(messages) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintln(out, aec.Bold.Apply("\nWhat's next:"))
+	for _, n := range messages {
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(out, "    %s\n", n)
+	}
+}

vendor/github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/hooks/template.go

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package hooks
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"text/template"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type HookType int
+
+const (
+	NextSteps = iota
+)
+
+// HookMessage represents a plugin hook response. Plugins
+// declaring support for CLI hooks need to print a json
+// representation of this type when their hook subcommand
+// is invoked.
+type HookMessage struct {
+	Type     HookType
+	Template string
+}
+
+// TemplateReplaceSubcommandName returns a hook template string
+// that will be replaced by the CLI subcommand being executed
+//
+// Example:
+//
+// "you ran the subcommand: " + TemplateReplaceSubcommandName()
+//
+// when being executed after the command:
+// `docker run --name "my-container" alpine`
+// will result in the message:
+// `you ran the subcommand: run`
+func TemplateReplaceSubcommandName() string {
+	return hookTemplateCommandName
+}
+
+// TemplateReplaceFlagValue returns a hook template string
+// that will be replaced by the flags value.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+// "you ran a container named: " + TemplateReplaceFlagValue("name")
+//
+// when being executed after the command:
+// `docker run --name "my-container" alpine`
+// will result in the message:
+// `you ran a container named: my-container`
+func TemplateReplaceFlagValue(flag string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(hookTemplateFlagValue, flag)
+}
+
+// TemplateReplaceArg takes an index i and returns a hook
+// template string that the CLI will replace the template with
+// the ith argument, after processing the passed flags.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+// "run this image with `docker run " + TemplateReplaceArg(0) + "`"
+//
+// when being executed after the command:
+// `docker pull alpine`
+// will result in the message:
+// "Run this image with `docker run alpine`"
+func TemplateReplaceArg(i int) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(hookTemplateArg, strconv.Itoa(i))
+}
+
+func ParseTemplate(hookTemplate string, cmd *cobra.Command) ([]string, error) {
+	tmpl := template.New("").Funcs(commandFunctions)
+	tmpl, err := tmpl.Parse(hookTemplate)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	b := bytes.Buffer{}
+	err = tmpl.Execute(&b, cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return strings.Split(b.String(), "\n"), nil
+}
+
+var ErrHookTemplateParse = errors.New("failed to parse hook template")
+
+const (
+	hookTemplateCommandName = "{{.Name}}"
+	hookTemplateFlagValue   = `{{flag . "%s"}}`
+	hookTemplateArg         = "{{arg . %s}}"
+)
+
+var commandFunctions = template.FuncMap{
+	"flag": getFlagValue,
+	"arg":  getArgValue,
+}
+
+func getFlagValue(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) (string, error) {
+	cmdFlag := cmd.Flag(flag)
+	if cmdFlag == nil {
+		return "", ErrHookTemplateParse
+	}
+	return cmdFlag.Value.String(), nil
+}
+
+func getArgValue(cmd *cobra.Command, i int) (string, error) {
+	flags := cmd.Flags()
+	if flags == nil {
+		return "", ErrHookTemplateParse
+	}
+	return flags.Arg(i), nil
+}

vendor/github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/manager/cobra.go

@@ -2,11 +2,14 @@ package manager
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
 	"os"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -30,6 +33,10 @@ const (
 	// is, one which failed it's candidate test) and contains the
 	// reason for the failure.
 	CommandAnnotationPluginInvalid = "com.docker.cli.plugin-invalid"
+
+	// CommandAnnotationPluginCommandPath is added to overwrite the
+	// command path for a plugin invocation.
+	CommandAnnotationPluginCommandPath = "com.docker.cli.plugin.command_path"
 )
 
 var pluginCommandStubsOnce sync.Once
@@ -98,3 +105,44 @@ func AddPluginCommandStubs(dockerCli command.Cli, rootCmd *cobra.Command) (err e
 	})
 	return err
 }
+
+const (
+	dockerCliAttributePrefix = attribute.Key("docker.cli")
+
+	cobraCommandPath = attribute.Key("cobra.command_path")
+)
+
+func getPluginResourceAttributes(cmd *cobra.Command, plugin Plugin) attribute.Set {
+	commandPath := cmd.Annotations[CommandAnnotationPluginCommandPath]
+	if commandPath == "" {
+		commandPath = fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", cmd.CommandPath(), plugin.Name)
+	}
+
+	attrSet := attribute.NewSet(
+		cobraCommandPath.String(commandPath),
+	)
+
+	kvs := make([]attribute.KeyValue, 0, attrSet.Len())
+	for iter := attrSet.Iter(); iter.Next(); {
+		attr := iter.Attribute()
+		kvs = append(kvs, attribute.KeyValue{
+			Key:   dockerCliAttributePrefix + "." + attr.Key,
+			Value: attr.Value,
+		})
+	}
+	return attribute.NewSet(kvs...)
+}
+
+func appendPluginResourceAttributesEnvvar(env []string, cmd *cobra.Command, plugin Plugin) []string {
+	if attrs := getPluginResourceAttributes(cmd, plugin); attrs.Len() > 0 {
+		// values in environment variables need to be in baggage format
+		// otel/baggage package can be used after update to v1.22, currently it encodes incorrectly
+		attrsSlice := make([]string, attrs.Len())
+		for iter := attrs.Iter(); iter.Next(); {
+			i, v := iter.IndexedAttribute()
+			attrsSlice[i] = string(v.Key) + "=" + url.PathEscape(v.Value.AsString())
+		}
+		env = append(env, ResourceAttributesEnvvar+"="+strings.Join(attrsSlice, ","))
+	}
+	return env
+}

vendor/github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/manager/error.go

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ func (e *pluginError) MarshalText() (text []byte, err error) {
 // wrapAsPluginError wraps an error in a pluginError with an
 // additional message, analogous to errors.Wrapf.
 func wrapAsPluginError(err error, msg string) error {
+	if err == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
 	return &pluginError{cause: errors.Wrap(err, msg)}
 }
 

vendor/github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/manager/hooks.go

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package manager
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/hooks"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+// HookPluginData is the type representing the information
+// that plugins declaring support for hooks get passed when
+// being invoked following a CLI command execution.
+type HookPluginData struct {
+	// RootCmd is a string representing the matching hook configuration
+	// which is currently being invoked. If a hook for `docker context` is
+	// configured and the user executes `docker context ls`, the plugin will
+	// be invoked with `context`.
+	RootCmd      string
+	Flags        map[string]string
+	CommandError string
+}
+
+// RunCLICommandHooks is the entrypoint into the hooks execution flow after
+// a main CLI command was executed. It calls the hook subcommand for all
+// present CLI plugins that declare support for hooks in their metadata and
+// parses/prints their responses.
+func RunCLICommandHooks(dockerCli command.Cli, rootCmd, subCommand *cobra.Command, cmdErrorMessage string) {
+	commandName := strings.TrimPrefix(subCommand.CommandPath(), rootCmd.Name()+" ")
+	flags := getCommandFlags(subCommand)
+
+	runHooks(dockerCli, rootCmd, subCommand, commandName, flags, cmdErrorMessage)
+}
+
+// RunPluginHooks is the entrypoint for the hooks execution flow
+// after a plugin command was just executed by the CLI.
+func RunPluginHooks(dockerCli command.Cli, rootCmd, subCommand *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+	commandName := strings.Join(args, " ")
+	flags := getNaiveFlags(args)
+
+	runHooks(dockerCli, rootCmd, subCommand, commandName, flags, "")
+}
+
+func runHooks(dockerCli command.Cli, rootCmd, subCommand *cobra.Command, invokedCommand string, flags map[string]string, cmdErrorMessage string) {
+	nextSteps := invokeAndCollectHooks(dockerCli, rootCmd, subCommand, invokedCommand, flags, cmdErrorMessage)
+
+	hooks.PrintNextSteps(dockerCli.Err(), nextSteps)
+}
+
+func invokeAndCollectHooks(dockerCli command.Cli, rootCmd, subCmd *cobra.Command, subCmdStr string, flags map[string]string, cmdErrorMessage string) []string {
+	pluginsCfg := dockerCli.ConfigFile().Plugins
+	if pluginsCfg == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	nextSteps := make([]string, 0, len(pluginsCfg))
+	for pluginName, cfg := range pluginsCfg {
+		match, ok := pluginMatch(cfg, subCmdStr)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		p, err := GetPlugin(pluginName, dockerCli, rootCmd)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		hookReturn, err := p.RunHook(HookPluginData{
+			RootCmd:      match,
+			Flags:        flags,
+			CommandError: cmdErrorMessage,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			// skip misbehaving plugins, but don't halt execution
+			continue
+		}
+
+		var hookMessageData hooks.HookMessage
+		err = json.Unmarshal(hookReturn, &hookMessageData)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// currently the only hook type
+		if hookMessageData.Type != hooks.NextSteps {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		processedHook, err := hooks.ParseTemplate(hookMessageData.Template, subCmd)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		nextSteps = append(nextSteps, processedHook...)
+	}
+	return nextSteps
+}
+
+// pluginMatch takes a plugin configuration and a string representing the
+// command being executed (such as 'image ls' – the root 'docker' is omitted)
+// and, if the configuration includes a hook for the invoked command, returns
+// the configured hook string.
+func pluginMatch(pluginCfg map[string]string, subCmd string) (string, bool) {
+	configuredPluginHooks, ok := pluginCfg["hooks"]
+	if !ok || configuredPluginHooks == "" {
+		return "", false
+	}
+
+	commands := strings.Split(configuredPluginHooks, ",")
+	for _, hookCmd := range commands {
+		if hookMatch(hookCmd, subCmd) {
+			return hookCmd, true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return "", false
+}
+
+func hookMatch(hookCmd, subCmd string) bool {
+	hookCmdTokens := strings.Split(hookCmd, " ")
+	subCmdTokens := strings.Split(subCmd, " ")
+
+	if len(hookCmdTokens) > len(subCmdTokens) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for i, v := range hookCmdTokens {
+		if v != subCmdTokens[i] {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func getCommandFlags(cmd *cobra.Command) map[string]string {
+	flags := make(map[string]string)
+	cmd.Flags().Visit(func(f *pflag.Flag) {
+		var fValue string
+		if f.Value.Type() == "bool" {
+			fValue = f.Value.String()
+		}
+		flags[f.Name] = fValue
+	})
+	return flags
+}
+
+// getNaiveFlags string-matches argv and parses them into a map.
+// This is used when calling hooks after a plugin command, since
+// in this case we can't rely on the cobra command tree to parse
+// flags in this case. In this case, no values are ever passed,
+// since we don't have enough information to process them.
+func getNaiveFlags(args []string) map[string]string {
+	flags := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--") {
+			flags[arg[2:]] = ""
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(arg, "-") {
+			flags[arg[1:]] = ""
+		}
+	}
+	return flags
+}

vendor/github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/manager/manager.go

@@ -17,11 +17,17 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
 )
 
-// ReexecEnvvar is the name of an ennvar which is set to the command
-// used to originally invoke the docker CLI when executing a
-// plugin. Assuming $PATH and $CWD remain unchanged this should allow
-// the plugin to re-execute the original CLI.
-const ReexecEnvvar = "DOCKER_CLI_PLUGIN_ORIGINAL_CLI_COMMAND"
+const (
+	// ReexecEnvvar is the name of an ennvar which is set to the command
+	// used to originally invoke the docker CLI when executing a
+	// plugin. Assuming $PATH and $CWD remain unchanged this should allow
+	// the plugin to re-execute the original CLI.
+	ReexecEnvvar = "DOCKER_CLI_PLUGIN_ORIGINAL_CLI_COMMAND"
+
+	// ResourceAttributesEnvvar is the name of the envvar that includes additional
+	// resource attributes for OTEL.
+	ResourceAttributesEnvvar = "OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES"
+)
 
 // errPluginNotFound is the error returned when a plugin could not be found.
 type errPluginNotFound string
@@ -234,8 +240,8 @@ func PluginRunCommand(dockerCli command.Cli, name string, rootcmd *cobra.Command
 		cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
 		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
 
-		cmd.Env = os.Environ()
-		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, ReexecEnvvar+"="+os.Args[0])
+		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Environ(), ReexecEnvvar+"="+os.Args[0])
+		cmd.Env = appendPluginResourceAttributesEnvvar(cmd.Env, rootcmd, plugin)
 
 		return cmd, nil
 	}

vendor/github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/manager/metadata.go

@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@ const (
 	// which must be supported by every plugin and returns the
 	// plugin metadata.
 	MetadataSubcommandName = "docker-cli-plugin-metadata"
+
+	// HookSubcommandName is the name of the plugin subcommand
+	// which must be implemented by plugins declaring support
+	// for hooks in their metadata.
+	HookSubcommandName = "docker-cli-plugin-hooks"
 )
 
 // Metadata provided by the plugin.

vendor/github.com/docker/cli/cli-plugins/manager/plugin.go

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package manager
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"strings"
@@ -100,3 +102,22 @@ func newPlugin(c Candidate, cmds []*cobra.Command) (Plugin, error) {
 	}
 	return p, nil
 }
+
+// RunHook executes the plugin's hooks command
+// and returns its unprocessed output.
+func (p *Plugin) RunHook(hookData HookPluginData) ([]byte, error) {
+	hDataBytes, err := json.Marshal(hookData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, wrapAsPluginError(err, "failed to marshall hook data")
+	}
+
+	pCmd := exec.Command(p.Path, p.Name, HookSubcommandName, string(hDataBytes))
+	pCmd.Env = os.Environ()
+	pCmd.Env = append(pCmd.Env, ReexecEnvvar+"="+os.Args[0])
+	hookCmdOutput, err := pCmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, wrapAsPluginError(err, "failed to execute plugin hook subcommand")
+	}
+
+	return hookCmdOutput, nil
+}